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All Journal PREMISE LAW JURNAL Al-Risalah : Jurnal Imu Syariah dan Hukum Arena Hukum Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syariah dan Masyarakat Jurnal Daulat Hukum Jurnal Akta WAJAH HUKUM JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Jurnal Darma Agung LEGAL BRIEF JURNAL RECTUM: Tinjauan Yuridis Penanganan Tindak Pidana Jurnal Hukum Kaidah: Media Komunikasi dan Informasi Hukum dan Masyarakat UNES Journal of Swara Justisia Law Development Journal Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum Jurnal Preferensi Hukum (JPH) Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Tjut Nyak Dhien Journal of Legal and Cultural Analytics (JLCA) Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies PKM Maju UDA SASI Al-Mahkamah: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Pemerintahan
MUHAMMAD ALI ADNAN
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Prima Indonesia
Religion Aerospace Engineering Arts Humanities Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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Legal Analysis of the Transfer of Land Rights of PTPN I in the Development of the Citrland Project Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Arkan, Muhammad; Siburian, Lamroni; Sunarto, Atika
Al-Risalah VOLUME 26 NO 1, MAY (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-risalah.vi.66762

Abstract

The transfer of land rights with the status of Right of Cultivation (HGU) owned by PT Perkebunan Nusantara I in the development of the Citraland project emphasizes aspects of legal certainty, administrative mechanisms, and the legal responsibilities of the parties involved. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches, through an examination of agrarian legal norms, regulations governing the management of State-Owned Enterprise assets, legal doctrines, and relevant legal practices. The results of the study indicate that the transfer of HGU cannot be carried out directly to the developer; instead, it must first involve the relinquishment of the right so that the land reverts to state land, followed by the granting of new land rights by the land authority in accordance with spatial planning designations and construction permits. Legal responsibility is reciprocal in nature, whereby PTPN I is obligated to ensure the legality and accountability of state asset management, while the developer is required to fulfill all requirements for the acquisition of land rights and development permits in order to provide legal certainty and protection for good-faith members of the public. This study affirms that compliance with the principles of legality, transparency, and accountability constitutes a fundamental prerequisite to prevent disputes and potential state losses in the transfer of strategic assets.
Analisis Hukum Terhadap Pemilik Tanah Dalam Ruang Atas Dan Ruang Bawah Tanah Muhammad Ali Adnan; Siti Fatimah; Dinda Nathannia Aritonang; Atika Sunarto
SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): SEIKAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum, Juni 2026
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/seikat.v5i3.2053

Abstract

Pemanfaatan ruang atas dan ruang bawah tanah dalam pembangunan infrastruktur publik, seperti overpass dan underpass, menimbulkan konsekuensi yuridis terhadap kedudukan serta ruang lingkup hak pemilik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implikasi hukum pemanfaatan ruang bawah tanah serta bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi pemilik tanah dalam praktik pembangunan underpass di Kota Medan, khususnya pada proyek Underpass Jalan HM Yamin. Dalam sistem hukum agraria nasional, Pasal 4 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria menyatakan bahwa hak atas tanah mencakup tubuh bumi serta ruang di atas dan di bawahnya sepanjang diperlukan untuk penggunaan tanah, namun hak tersebut tidak bersifat absolut karena dibatasi oleh prinsip fungsi sosial tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode studi kepustakaan melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, dan kebijakan tata ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan ruang bawah tanah tidak menghapus hak kepemilikan di permukaan, tetapi menimbulkan pembatasan tertentu, seperti larangan pembangunan struktur yang berpotensi mengganggu infrastruktur publik. Implikasi hukum meliputi pembatasan hak vertikal, hak atas kompensasi jika terjadi kerugian, serta pentingnya kepastian hukum melalui perizinan dan pengawasan teknis. Perlindungan hukum bagi pemilik tanah diwujudkan melalui pengakuan hak atas permukaan tanah, pemberian ganti rugi yang layak, partisipasi masyarakat, serta mekanisme keberatan administratif dan peradilan. Namun, pengaturan teknis terkait batas ruang vertikal masih bersifat umum dan berpotensi menimbulkan multitafsir. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi yang lebih rinci agar tercipta keseimbangan antara kepentingan umum dan perlindungan hak pemilik tanah.
Legal Certainty Regarding The Right to Build on PT. KAI Land in the City of Medan Muhammad Ali Adnan; Matius Lewi Sinaga; Vincent Owen Tieson; Ernita Br Ginting; Atika Sunarto
Law Development Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/ldj.8.2.719-731

Abstract

Land control by communities over state-owned assets, particularly land managed by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI), raises legal issues concerning the certainty of land rights. This phenomenon occurs when communities occupy land over a long period without a valid legal basis, giving rise to conflicts between formal legality and social reality. The problem becomes more complex when the land is granted Building Use Rights to third parties. This study employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and empirical approaches, and is analyzed qualitatively. The results indicate that Building Use Rights over PT KAI’s land assets remain legally valid if issued in accordance with applicable regulations; however, in practice, they are often ineffective due to physical occupation by communities. Therefore, resolving such conflicts requires an integrated approach through administrative structuring, legal measures, and non-litigation mechanisms such as mediation, relocation, and compensation in order to achieve equitable legal certainty.
Legal Protection For The Sustainability Of MSMEs Due To The Medan City Drainage Project Atika Sunarto; Steven Canisius Malau; Monica Monica; Ananda Geraldine; Muhammad Ali Adnan
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v4i8.1568

Abstract

Drainage is a construction that becomes a medium for flowing water from one point to another which is considered very important to help the process of flowing water such as rainfall, so that puddles or flooding do not occur. In residential areas, drainage plays a role as a sanitation facility to avoid standing water which can disrupt environmental comfort and health, and functions to prevent flooding. MSMEs are regulated based on PP Number 7 of 2021 concerning Convenience, Protection, Empowerment of Cooperatives and MSMEs. Micro businesses are productive businesses owned by individuals or individual business entities that comply with the criteria set out in the law. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a significant role in Indonesia's economic development and are considered the main driver of the economy in a region. The high growth of MSMEs is certainly very encouraging because it can also reduce the unemployment rate. based on Medan Mayor Regulation No. 9 of 2009 concerning the Prohibition of Building Buildings Above Drainage Channels. Legal protection is an effort to provide protection for human rights that are harmed by other parties, as well as providing protection to the community so that they can enjoy all the rights regulated by law. In other words, legal protection includes various actions that must be taken by law enforcement officials to provide a sense of security, both mentally and physically, from interference and threats from anywhere.
Corporate Social Responsibility Law and the Prevention of MSMEs Bankruptcy in the Digital Era Atika Sunarto; Nestiani Gulo; Putri Anggraini; Muhammad Ali Adnan
Law Development Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/ldj.8.1.21-35

Abstract

The digital era poses bankruptcy risks for MSMEs in Medan City due to low digital literacy, weak financial management, and limited market access. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implemented by Bank Sumut Berkah plays a strategic role in preventing bankruptcy and enhancing the competitiveness of MSMEs. This study analyzes the implementation of CSR, the challenges encountered, and the impact of the program on business resilience in the digital era using a normative juridical method through literature review, policy document analysis, and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility by Bank Sumut Berkah significantly contributes to improving managerial capacity, financial literacy, business digitalization, and market access for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. The program is able to reduce bankruptcy risk and strengthen business competitiveness in the digital era. The main challenges identified include limited understanding of digital technology, the short duration of mentoring, and uneven access to program information. Therefore, continuous assistance, broader program dissemination, and the establishment of business networks or communities are necessary to enhance program effectiveness.
Position of Creditors After the Verdict of Bankruptcy Statement According to Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU: Kedudukan Kreditur Pasca Putusan Pernyataan Pailit menurut Undang Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU Suhaila Zlkifli; Atika Sunarto; Muhammad Ali Adnan
Al-Mahkamah: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Pemerintahan Vol 1 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : PT Syamilah Literasi Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The term "bankruptcy" is basically a matter, where the condition of the debtor (the debtor) who stops paying or does not pay his debts to the creditor (the party who gives the debt). Stopping paying does not mean not paying at all, but for some reason the payment of the debt is not working properly, so if the debtor files for bankruptcy, the debtor cannot pay his debts or has no more income for his company to make debt payments. This paper will discuss the position of creditors against debtors related to bankruptcy. The author finds that what regulates the position of creditors in bankruptcy is not only the UUKPKPU (Bankruptcy Law & Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations), but also the Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek). This arrangement has several problems, namely the lack of clarity and incoherence in the laws and regulations. As a result, in practice the position of creditors becomes very weak. Creditors are divided into three, namely, concurrent creditors, separatist creditors, and preferred creditors. In relation to legal culture, law enforcers have recognized that the position of creditors in bankruptcy depends on the judge's decision and if the judge's decision is not in favor of creditors, this makes people prefer to resolve disputes through ways other than bankruptcy. Therefore the UUKPKPU (Bankruptcy Law & Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations) needs to clearly regulate the position of creditors.
Legal Protection for MSMEs Against Fictitious Orders in ShopeeFood Atika Sunarto; Ruth Amanda Sinaremare; Selvina Siahaan; Muhammad Ali Adnan
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.14345

Abstract

This study examines the legal protection of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) against fictitious orders on the ShopeeFood platform, particularly within Cash on Delivery (COD) transactions that generate financial losses for merchants. The research employs a normative-empirical juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches supported by interviews with MSME actors in Medan City and analyses of relevant legal regulations and platform policies. The findings reveal that fictitious orders constitute a form of consumer default and, in certain circumstances, may also fulfill the elements of unlawful acts in electronic transactions because consumers intentionally fail to receive and pay for ordered goods. Although legal protection is normatively available through the Civil Code, Consumer Protection Law, and Electronic Information and Transactions Law, its implementation remains ineffective due to weak consumer verification systems, limited access to electronic evidence, unclear platform liability standards, and inadequate compensation mechanisms. The study further demonstrates that digital platforms cannot merely be regarded as passive intermediaries because they exercise substantial control over transaction systems, user data, payment mechanisms, and dispute resolution procedures. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative analysis of the relationship between consumer default, platform accountability, and MSME protection within app-based food delivery ecosystems through a combined normative and empirical approach. This study contributes theoretically to the development of digital commerce liability discourse and practically proposes a regulatory framework emphasizing stronger platform accountability, technology-based fraud prevention, mandatory user verification, merchant compensation mechanisms, and accessible online dispute resolution systems to strengthen legal certainty and substantive protection for MSMEs in Indonesia’s digital economy.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Usaha Kecil dan Menengah dari Praktik Bisnis Tidak Adil Berbasis Kepastian Hukum Atika Sunarto; Muhammad Ali Adnan; Azizan Khair
Wajah Hukum Vol 10, No 2 (2026): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Batanghari Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33087/wjh.v10i2.2206

Abstract

This study examines legal protection for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) against unfair business practices based on legal certainty. The legal issue concerns the adequacy and clarity of competition law norms when applied to digital markets, particularly algorithmic control, data dominance, platform discrimination, and abuse of dominant position. This is normative juridical research using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary and secondary legal materials were collected through library and document studies and analyzed qualitatively and prescriptively using the theory of legal certainty. The study finds that Law Number 5 of 1999 provides a legal basis for protection through prohibitions on monopolies, cartels, market control, discrimination, and abuse of dominant position. However, the characteristics of digital markets create normative ambiguity because operational parameters concerning data- and algorithm-based dominance, ranking discrimination, and platform control over SMEs' market access remain insufficiently defined. Strengthening legal protection therefore requires more adaptive and measurable regulation, stronger supervisory capacity of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU), and improved legal and digital literacy among SMEs to ensure legal certainty and fairer competition.
Co-Authors Ahmad Taris Arrofi Ananda Geraldine Arkan, Muhammad Aruan, Anri Penataran Atika Sunarto Azizan Khair Azizan Khair Azizan Khair Azizan Khair Christina Karo Karo Christina Karo Karo Derisman Zebua Desnico Parhusip Desnico Parhusip Dinda Nathannia Aritonang Elvira Fitriyani Pakpahan Ernita Br Ginting Gideon Gultom, Sanjaya Iin Hotprinauli Purba Kaur, Pawiter Dinsha Keren Trifena Ompusunggu Khair, Azizan Lenolewis Hiskia Purba Maharani Maharani, Maharani Marlina Elisabeth Pakpahan Matius Lewi Sinaga Mazmur Septian Rumapea Monica Monica Muhammad Daffa Verandy Natal, Inson Putra Nestiani Gulo Noor, Tajuddin Puspita Grace Angelia Lumbantobing Putri Anggraini Rodiatun Adawiyah Ruben Rezeky Sianturi Ruth Amanda Sinaremare Selvina Siahaan Siburian, Lamroni Simarmata, Lucky Every Siringo Ringo, Gideon Siti Fatimah Sitompul, Aryo Stefani Sitinjak Steven Canisius Malau Suhaila Zlkifli Suhaila Zulkifli Tajuddin Noor Tajuddin Noor Tajuddin Noor Tarigan, Erlangga P Suranta Vincent Owen Tieson Yanti Agustina Manik Zendrato, Rizaldo zulkifli, suhaila zulkifli