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NAHDLATUL ULAMA DAN PENEGAKAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI INDONESIA Ahmad, Maghfur
RELIGIA Vol 13 No 2: Oktober 2010
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) as a civil power has a strategic role to control and enforce the Human Right in Indonesia. To NU, Human Right is a seedling of basic right values living in the West, Islam and Indonesia. In the context of Indonesian Human right, five basic principles: hifz al-nafs (right to live), hifz al-din (right to believe), hifz al-nasl (right to produce children), hifz al-mal (right to have property), and hifz al-aql (right to have his or her mind be safe) are understood contextually according to the local wisdom, and it, sometime, is different from the orthodox concept of Sunni. NU views the Human Right movement in Indonesia as an oppositional movement to other side, especially the government that neglects values and human basic rights. It also means the movement not to preserve the tyranny regime, but as a progressive movement to manifest the citizens’ freedom to get their human right guaranty. The struggle to enforce the Human Right, to NU, is only to manifest more prosperous, fairer, and safer national life.

AGAMA DAN PSIKOANALISA SIGMUND FREUD Ahmad, Maghfur
RELIGIA Vol 14 No 2: Oktober 2011
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Sigmund Freud mengkonstruksi teori agamasecara berbeda dari aliran psikologi behavioristik danhumanistik. Freud mengkaji persoalan kepribadian danagama seseorang dari perspektif psikoanalisa. MenurutFreud, kepribadian manusia dibangun melalui tiga sistem:id, ego, superego. Ketiga sistem itu, berada dalam tigastruktur kepribadian, yaitu alam sadar, alam pra-sadar, danalam tak sadar. Menurut Freud, bagian terbesar dari jiwamanusia berada dalam alam ketidaksadaran, bukan alamsadar. Dan perilaku manusia dikendalikan oleh alam bawahsadar; seperti insting, hasrat, dan libido. Melalui tesis ini,teori agama diproduksi dan dikembangkan sedemikianrupa. Agama bagi Freud adalah dorongan libido yangmuncul dari alam ketidaksadaran tersebut. Sebab itu, Freudpunya keyakinan bahwa agama tidak akan dapat mampuberbicara banyak dalam kehidupan, karena agama adalahsikap kegilaan yang infantil. Freud merekomendasikan agarmanusia meninggalkan agama. Makalah ini secara detailakan mengkaji teori tersebut serta bagaimana Freudmembangun argumentasinya.

Dari Sakral Ke Profan: Pergeseran Budaya Perceraian di Kabupaten Cilacap Khotimah, Khusnul; Ahmad, Maghfur
MUWAZAH Vol 11 No 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Penelitian ini membahas tentang adakah perubahan makna dan hakikat perkawinan, bagimana dampak perubahan sosial budaya masyarakat Cilacap sehingga perceraian terus meningkat, faktor apa saja yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya perceraian. Konsep yang digunakan dengan menggunakan teori-teori konstruksi sosial merupakan kelanjutan dari teori fenomenologi Emile Durkheim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif interdisipliner di 8 kecamatan Kabupaten Cilacap. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi studi etnografi dan wawancana kepada 36 informan. Temuannya, perubahan sosial budaya mengakibatkan makna perkawinan mengalami perubahan yang mulanya dipahami memiliki makna sakral dan suci untuk mewujudkan keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah, berubah sebagai akad biasa yang sudah hilang kesakralannya. Akibatnya  perceraian merupakan tindakan yang lumrah dan alamiah tanpa mempertimbangkan akibat dan dampak yang ditimbulkan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah kondisi ekonomi keluarga, perilaku hedonis, alat komunikasi, tayangan televisi, usia perkawinan, pergaulan, perselingkuhan, kawin paksa, pengetahuan agama yang kurang dan pendidikan yang rendah. Sebab perceraian secara umum adalah faktor ekonomi yaitu ketidakmampuan suami dalam memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga.

Urban Women, Their Religion, and Response to Environmental Crisis: Empirical Evidence in Green School and Majlis Taklim Ulin Nuha Ahmad, Maghfur
MUWAZAH: Jurnal Kajian Gender Vol 12 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

This study argues against the thesis that environmental crisis occurring today is due to masculine menâ€™s domination over women in managing natural resource. Through an in-depth analysis on environmental conservation movement conducted by women in Pekalongan City, this study is projected to be antithesis on feministâ€™s perspective on the response to environmental crisis issue. This research focuses on the environmental action in religion and genderâ€™s perspective in Green School and Majelis Taklim Ulin Nuha communities. Methodologically, data of this case study research was obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. The result of research shows that the ideology of environmental conservation has diverse paradigms: developmentalistic, constructivistic, and emancipatory. In the context of movement issue and model, urban womenâ€™s action in the research location also provided various topics: education, economics, and social movement, by involving school institution, majelis taklim, and non-government organization (NGO). Urban women in Pekalongan make religion and expedient technology the basis for resolving environment crisis by integrating masculinity into femininity harmoniously.

Indonesian Muslim Youth and the Discourse on the Caliphate System, Islamic State and Sharia-Based Regional Regulations Ahmad, Maghfur
RELIGIA Vol 24 No 1: April 2021
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/religia.v24i1.4191

This study analyzes the discourse on the caliphate system, the Islamic state, and the Sharia-based regional regulation among Indonesian Muslim youth. After the reform era, the large flow of Islamic studies and political discourse in Indonesia was marked by a big wave of return of Islamic conservatism. The discourse of jihad, caliphs, Sharia-based regional regulation, and the struggle to bring about an Islamic state became lively. This study focuses on millennial young Islamic activists' responses whose join public schools in Pekalongan City, Central Java, Indonesia. With a qualitative approach, this study's data were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed through an interactive analysis tool introduced by Miles and Huberman. The results of this study reveal that Muslim youths have multiple personalities. They want to be entirely religious and apply Islam in all aspects. Still, they are also aware that a state based on Pancasila (Five principles) is the right choice in a pluralistic Indonesian context. This study also found that the majority of Indonesian youths had minimal literacy in the constituent debate on religious and state relations during the formation of the Indonesian state. This fact impacts the lack of awareness, understanding, and contextualization of the caliphate system's discourse, the Islamic state, and the Sharia regulation among Indonesian Muslim youth. On the other hand, the strengthening of textual understanding and the lack of awareness of nationalism literacy are the threat to the sustainability of the Indonesian nationâ€™s future.

Three Sufi Communities Guarding the Earth: A Case Study of Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Indonesia Maghfur Ahmad
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol 57, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2019.572.359-396

Prasenjet Duara (2015) accuses divine religions as the cause of the environmental crisis and natural disasters. Duara's thesis was counterattacked by scientists and religionists who stated that religion has the spirit and teachings of careness for the environment. Nevertheless, the arguments they built are still theological, normative and theoretical. This study is an antithesis to the Duara’s statement and at the same time presents evidence based on the primary data that occurred in three Sufi communities. The focus of this study analyzes Sufi activism in Indonesia in safeguarding the earth, as a form of substantial religious responses to the environmental crisis due to climate change. Through the principles and mechanism of qualitative research methods, researchers sought to analyze mitigation and adaptation actions to climate change carried out by the Majlis Zikir Kraton Pekalongan, Jamaah Aoulia Panggang and Pesan Trend Ilmu Giri. The data are obtained through interviews, observation and documentation and they are analyzed interactively. The results of the study revealed that climate change is believed by the Sufis as God’s authority due to human destructive behavior. For Sufis, overcoming climate change must begin with a change in the perspective of human relations, nature and God. In the case of three Sufi communities, religion is not just a doctrine of the relationship between God and humans, but also operational guidance on how to synergize with nature. Through a substantial religious spirit, the Sufis guard the earth through the re-actualization of the narratives of takhalli, tahalli and tajalli, as ecological repentance, ecological movements, and ecological campaigns in mitigating and adapting to climate change. [Prasenjet Duara (2015) menuduh agama-agama samawi sebagai penyebab terjadinya krisis lingkungan dan bencana alam. Tesis Duara mendapat serangan balik dari ilmuwan dan agamawan yang menyatakan bahwa agama memiliki spirit dan ajaran kepedulian terhadap lingkungan. Hanya saja argumen yang mereka bangun masih bersifat teologis, normatif dan teoritis. Kajian ini merupakan antitesa terhadap pernyataan Duara, dan sekaligus menyajikan bukti berdasarkan data-data lapangan yang terjadi pada tiga komunitas sufi. Fokus kajian ini menganalisis aktivisme kaum sufi di Indonesia dalam menjaga bumi, sebagai bentuk respons kaum beragama subtansial terhadap krisis lingkungan akibat perubahan iklim. Melalui prinsip dan mekanisme metode penelitian kualitatif, peneliti berusaha menganalisis tindakan mitigasi dan adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim yang dilakukan oleh Majelis Zikir Kraton Pekalongan, Jamaah Aoulia Panggang dan Pesan Trend Ilmu Giri Yogyakarta. Data-data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dan dianalisis secara interaktif. Hasil kajian mengungkap bahwa perubahan iklim diyakini oleh kaum sufi sebagai otoritas Tuhan yang disebabkan perilaku destruktif manusia. Bagi kaum sufi, mengatasi perubahan iklim harus dimulai dari perubahan cara pandang relasi manusia, alam dan Tuhan. Dalam kasus di tiga komunitas sufi, agama tidak sekedar menjadi doktrin tentang relasi Tuhan dan manusia, melainkan juga petunjuk operasional bagaimana bersinergi dengan alam. Melalui spirit agama yang subtansial, kaum sufi menjaga bumi melalui reaktualisasi narasi takhalli, tahalli dan tajalli, sebagai pertaubatan ekologi, gerakan ekologi, serta kampanye ekologi dalam perilaku mitigasi dan adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim.]

Male Feminists Promote Gender Equality in Islamic Moderation Perspective Maghfur Ahmad; Siti Mumun Muniroh; Umi Mahmudah
Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya Vol 5, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the role of men in supporting the feminist movement and moderate Islamic teachings among college students in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 625 respondents who were randomly selected. The independent variable used, namely religious moderation, was measured using four indicators: a sense of nationalism (X1), tolerance (X2), anti-violence (X3), and accommodative attitudes towards local culture (X4). This study examined multiple linear regression analysis to test whether the four problems in Islamic moderation were related to student attitudes towards male involvement in feminism. The results suggested that these four independent variables have a positive and significant effect on student attitudes towards the active role of men in supporting the gender equality movement. Furthermore, an accommodative attitude towards the local culture and a sense of nationalism were known to have the greatest and smallest effects, namely 0.28 and 0.15 respectively. These results indicate that moderate Muslims tend to have a greater acceptance of male feminists. Then, the results also indicated that Muslim students who practised moderate Islamic teachings had realized the importance of male involvement in feminism.

Urban Women, Their Religion, and Response to Environmental Crisis: Empirical Evidence in Green School and Majlis Taklim Ulin Nuha Maghfur Ahmad
Muwazah Vol 12 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/muwazah.v12i1.2591

This study argues against the thesis that environmental crisis occurring today is due to masculine menâ€™s domination over women in managing natural resource. Through an in-depth analysis on environmental conservation movement conducted by women in Pekalongan City, this study is projected to be antithesis on feministâ€™s perspective on the response to environmental crisis issue. This research focuses on the environmental action in religion and genderâ€™s perspective in Green School and Majelis Taklim Ulin Nuha communities. Methodologically, data of this case study research was obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. The result of research shows that the ideology of environmental conservation has diverse paradigms: developmentalistic, constructivistic, and emancipatory. In the context of movement issue and model, urban womenâ€™s action in the research location also provided various topics: education, economics, and social movement, by involving school institution, majelis taklim, and non-government organization (NGO). Urban women in Pekalongan make religion and expedient technology the basis for resolving environment crisis by integrating masculinity into femininity harmoniously.

Indonesian Muslim Youth and the Discourse on the Caliphate System, Islamic State and Sharia-Based Regional Regulations Maghfur Ahmad
Religia Vol 24 No 1 (2021): Author geographical coverage: Malaysia, India, and Indonesia
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/religia.v24i1.4191

This study analyzes the discourse on the caliphate system, the Islamic state, and the Sharia-based regional regulation among Indonesian Muslim youth. After the reform era, the large flow of Islamic studies and political discourse in Indonesia was marked by a big wave of return of Islamic conservatism. The discourse of jihad, caliphs, Sharia-based regional regulation, and the struggle to bring about an Islamic state became lively. This study focuses on millennial young Islamic activists' responses whose join public schools in Pekalongan City, Central Java, Indonesia. With a qualitative approach, this study's data were obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were analyzed through an interactive analysis tool introduced by Miles and Huberman. The results of this study reveal that Muslim youths have multiple personalities. They want to be entirely religious and apply Islam in all aspects. Still, they are also aware that a state based on Pancasila (Five principles) is the right choice in a pluralistic Indonesian context. This study also found that the majority of Indonesian youths had minimal literacy in the constituent debate on religious and state relations during the formation of the Indonesian state. This fact impacts the lack of awareness, understanding, and contextualization of the caliphate system's discourse, the Islamic state, and the Sharia regulation among Indonesian Muslim youth. On the other hand, the strengthening of textual understanding and the lack of awareness of nationalism literacy are the threat to the sustainability of the Indonesian nationâ€™s future.

KEARIFAN TRADISI ISLAM INDONESIA DALAM HIIFZ AL-BI'AH Maghfur Ahmad
IBDA` : Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya Vol 10 No 1 (2012): IBDA': Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Budaya
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Islam Negeri Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto Purwokerto

This article discusses and analyzes the wisdom in Islam tradition,the juridical implementation and the application of law on protecting theenvironment in Indonesia. The Islamic tradition emphasizes on manâ€™ mainduty; serve the God by keep and protect His creature. The data are collectedby documentation method and they are read by historical analysisand transcendence-structuralism. This article shows that the environmentparadigm and ideology is based on affection principle (rah}mah). The loveto nature in Islamic tradition is brought into reality by harmonizingbehaviour (tawa>zun), between personal right and environmentâ€™s right. Manmay take advantages from the nature but in a good way. Muslims still onâ€˜pseudo-loveâ€™ condition because they still give priority to themselves onobeying the law.

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