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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanova Jurnal Titra Rekayasa Mesin International Journal of Industrial Research and Applied Engineering
Juliana Anggono
Faculty of Industrial Technology, Petra Christian University
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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THE INFLUENCE OF IRON CONCENTRATION ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A356 AL ALLOY FOR CAR RIMS APPLICATION Risonarta, Victor Yuardi; Anggono, Juliana; Aditya, Geraldi Raka
Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2020.011.01.7

Abstract

A356.0 aluminum-silicon alloy is a base material for car rims application. Car rims are critical components for a vehicle as they carry the load of the passengers, goods, and the weight of the vehicle itself, therefore they should be sufficiently strong to withstand the vertical load, fatigue load, impact load, the side load and the braking force. Car rims are made by gravity die casting process. During the casting process, the inclusion of iron-content parts entering the molten Al can take place which leads to higher iron (Fe) concentration. High Fe con concentration lowers the toughness and the ductility of car rims. This study investigates the maximum value of Fe concentration that can be tolerated for acceptable mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy A356.0 for car rims application. The Fe concentration studied was 0.12 %wt, 0.16 %wt, and 0.20 %wt. Evaluation was performed on tensile and impact properties of the specimens. The test results show that increased Fe concentration decreases elongation, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (UTS). Furthermore, there is a quite large decrease in UTS (by 34 MPa) when Fe concentration increases only by 0.06 %wt.  Impact strength decreases significantly from 15.47 to 2.91J/cm2 as Fe concentration content increases from 0.12 %wt. to 0.16 %wt. The porosity present in the casting is predicted to contribute to the ductility decrease. In addition, the decreasing value of UTS is predicted due to grain growth and dendrites formation. It is recommended that the maximum allowable Fe concentration for car rims application is 0.12 %wt.
Flexural Strength Enhancement in Sugarcane Bagasse-Polypropylene Biocomposite through Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene (MAPP) Addition andre kurniawan yusuf; Juliana Anggono; Suwandi Sugondo
Mechanova Vol 6 (2017): Semester genap 2017-2018
Publisher : Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse has been investigated as reinforcement fiber for polypropylene matrix. Based on previous research, there should be advanced research to produce composite with mechanical characteristic (flexural strength) based on industrial needs. In this research, MAPP is in varied amounts, i.e. 0,5%, 1%, and 1,5%. Then, MAPP addition to composite is evaluated by measuring the flexural strength based on ASTM D790-12. These results were compared to the current products from the automotive industry which are made from black woodboard and brown woodboard.The result of  flexural strength testing of sugarcane bagasse composite without MAPP addition has average 15,31 MPa. MAPP addition increases the flexural strength up to 17,74 MPa at 0,5% MAPP concentration. An addition of MAPP more than 0,5% percent the flexural strength strength decreases. The flexural strength obtained is 50,1%-56,9% and 52,8%-59,9% lower than black woodboard and brown woodboard respectively.
Pengaruh Besar Input Panas Pengelasan SMAW Terhadap Distorsi Angular Sambungan T Baja Lunak SS400 Juliana Anggono; Roche Alimin
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 1 No. 1 (1999): APRIL 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Angular distortion has an effect not only on the weld quality but also on the size and dimension accuracy. The amount of angular distortion is affected by the welding heat input and the flange thickness (h). This research was conducted to analyze the influence of welding heat input (welding current and speed were varied)on the angular distortion in T weld joint of mild steel plate of SS 400 with various thicknesses welded by SMAW. Distortion is obtained from the deflection measured by the dial gauge. The result shows an increase in the number of weld layers for plates of 6 mm and 10 mm causes an increase in the measured deflection (angular distortion). On the plate of 2 mm due to its lack of rigidity, buckling distortion took place, which added the amount of measured deflection. It was found that an increase in the welding heat input causes an increase in the distortion. It goes to maximum when critical value ofx - 0.4-0.5 is reached. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA), at significance level (a) = 5%, the factor that has significant effect on the amount of angular distortion is the flange thickness. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Distorsi angular pada sambungan las T flange baja lunak SS400 yang dilas dengan SMAW selain berpengaruh pada kualitas basil lasan juga pada ketelitian ukuran dan dimensi. Besamya distorsi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh masukan panas pengelasan serta ketebalan flange (flange) yang dilas (h). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter pengelasan yang berkaitan dengan masukan panas pengelasan, yaitu arus (I) dan kecepatan pengelasan (v) terhadap besamya distorsi angular yang terjadi pada tebal flange(h) yang bervariasi. Distorsi didapatkan dengan mengukur nilai simpangan yang terjadi setelah proses las dengan bantuan dial gauge. Bertambahnya jumlah lapisan las, pada flange dengan tebal 6 mm dan 10 mm mengakibatkan membesamya distorsi. Sedangkan tingginya distorsi pada flange 2 mm, dikarenakan rigiditasnya yang rendah sehingga terjadi distorsi buckling yang menambah besamya simpangan terukur dan menampakkan nilai yang relatif lebih besar dibandingkan flange yang lebih tebal. Peningkatan arus listrik las dan/atau berkurangnya kecepatan pengelasan meningkatkan besar simpangan yang terjadi hingga maksimum bila tercapai harga kondisi pengelasan kritis, x, sebesar = 0.4-0.5. Berdasarkan Analisa Variansi (ANOVA), pada tingkat keberartian (a) = 5%, faktor yang signifikan pengaruhnya atas besamya distorsi angular adalah ketebalan flange. Kata kunci: web, flange, distorsi angular
Studi Pengaruh Magnetic Arc Blow Pada Hasil Las TIG Baja AISI 1021 Juliana Anggono; Juliana Anggono; Luciana Hariani Kusuma
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 1 No. 1 (1999): APRIL 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Discontinuities and size of the weld deposit are affected by many factors. Magnetic arc blow is one of the factors that one may not be aware of. Magnetic arc blow was studied in this research with the ground position and welding current were varied. The discontinuities and size of the weld deposit were observed and measured by taking specimens of the carbon steel of AISI 1021 welded by TIG welding process using argon as protective gas. Macro photographs and data of the size of the weld deposit show magnetic arc blow has strong influence on the size of the weld on the first cut section. This specimen was welded by using 200 Ampere with the ground placed in the starting point of the welding process. Undercut and incomplete penetration are commonly found as discontinuities in all cut sections of the specimens. While porosities occur mainly in the first section with high current. It 's believed that these discontinuities occur due to the lack of shielding by the protective gas caused by very strong arc blow around the melt. Tungsten inclusions are also the common discontinuities to take place, they are found more when welding using high current (200 A). Their occurrence is because of the melting of the tip of the tungsten electrode caused by the high heat input.. At the end of the weld, crater and spatter are always found. Backward arc blow are very strong at the end of the process that arises these defects. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Cacat dan bentuk deposit hasil las busur listrik dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Salah satunya yang sering tidak diketahui adalah adanya pengaruh magnetic arc blow. Magnetic arc blow dengan variasi penempatan ground dan besar arus las dipelajari dalam penelitian ini dengan mengamati pengaruhnya terhadap cacat dan mengukur penampang deposit las yang dihasilkan. Proses las yang diamati adalah las TIG pada baja AISI 1021 dengan gas pelindung argon dengan polaritas lurus (DCSP). Hasil foto makro dan pengukuran menunjukkan magnetic arc blow berpengaruh kuat pada ukuran dan bentuk deposit las pada potongan pertama menggunakan arus 200 A serta penempatan ground pada awal proses pengelasan. Cacat las undercut dan incomplete penetration adalah cacat yang umum dijumpai pada semua potongan. Sedangkan dominasi cacat porositas pada potongan pertama lasan dengan arus 200 A diduga karena kurangnya ruang perlindungan gas dalam daerah las. Inklusi tungsten banyak terjadi pada arus 200 A karena melelehnya ujung elektroda tungsten akibat input panas tinggi. Pada akhir pengelasan selalu dijumpai crater dan percikan. Kedua jenis cacat ini juga diyakini disebabkan oleh backward arc blow yang cukup besar terjadi pada akhir proses lasan. Kata kunci : magnetic arc blow, undercut, incomplete penetration, porositas, crater
Studi Perbandingan Kinerja Anoda Korban Paduan Aluminium dengan Paduan Seng dalam Lingkungan Air Laut Juliana Anggono; Soejono Tjitro
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 1 No. 2 (1999): OCTOBER 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

There are two kinds of sacrificial anodes available to protect steel structure in the marine environment; they are zinc and aluminum alloy. This research studies their performance by conducting galvanic corrosion test in the substitute ocean water. The performance evaluated covers potential of protection, galvanic current, capacity and efficiency, the rate of anode consumption, the induction time, and their corrosion form. The result shows that aluminum alloy has galvanic current and anode capacity higher than the zinc alloy. It is also found that this alloy gives the higher efficiency and shows the lower anode consumption rate than the zinc alloy. From the macro photographs, it is found that these two alloys corrode locally by pitting formation. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Terdapat dua jenis paduan anoda korban yang digunakan untuk memproteksi struktur baja karbon di lingkungan air laut, yaitu paduan aluminium dan paduan seng. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari kinerja dua jenis anoda korban tersebut dengan melakukan uji korosi galvanik dalam lingkungan pengganti air laut. Kinerja yang diukur adalah potensial proteksi, arus galvanik, kapasitas anoda, efisiensi anoda, laju konsumsi anoda, waktu induksi, dan pola korosi anoda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anoda korban paduan aluminium menghasilkan arus galvanik dan kapasitas anoda yang lebih besar daripada paduan seng. Demikian pula efisiensi paduan aluminium lebih baik dan laju konsumsinya lebih rendah daripada paduan seng. Dengan foto makro tampak bahwa pola korosi yang terjadi pada kedua jenis paduan menunjukkan anoda korban tidak terkorosi secara merata, melainkan terjadinya korosi pitting pada permukaannya. Kata kunci : proteksi katodik, anoda korban, lingkungan pengganti air laut.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Terhadap Efisiensi Inhibisi Asam Askorbat (Vitamin C) pada Laju Korosi Tembaga Soejono Tjitro; Juliana Anggono
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 1 No. 2 (1999): OCTOBER 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Corrosion rate can be reduced by adding inhibitor and inhibition efficiency is a measure if its ability to suppress corrosion. The result of the immersion tests show that the inhibition efficiencies are different on each environment. Addition of 50 ppm of ascorbic acid results in the highest efficiency for NaC1 and CaCO3 environment while for Ca SO4 environment needs 100 ppm. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pemberian inhibitor dapat mengurangi laju korosi dan kemampuannya untuk menginhibisi diukur dari efisiensinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi inhibisi berbeda-beda pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Penambahan inhibitor yang paling efisien untuk lingkungan NaCl dan CaCO3 dalah 50 ppm asam askorbat sedangkan untuk lingkungan CaSO4 adalah 100 ppm asam askorbat. Kata kunci : laju korosi, efisiensi inhibisi, asam askorbat.
STUDI PERILAKU KOROSI TEMBAGA DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI ASAM ASKORBAT (VITAMIN C) DALAM LINGKUNGAN AIR YANG MENGANDUNG KLORIDA DAN SULFAT Soejono Tjitro; Juliana Anggono; Gatut Phengkusaksomo; Adriana Anteng Anggorowati
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2000): APRIL 2000
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Planned Interval Test method conducted in several intervals of times (0-5) days, (0-10) days, (0-15)) days, and (10-15) days shows the changes of environment condition and metal corrosion. The changes in the corrosiveness media and the corrosion resistant of the material. The acidity of the media gets lower from 7.6 to 7.1 in the interval of (0-5) days and the conductivity increase during the time interval. The change in acidity is caused by hydrolisis reaction and AA decomposition. During the time interval of (10-15) days a very high corrosion rate was observed due to low pH and high conductivity. The highest efficiency is found in the addition of 150 ppm AA in all different concentration of Cl - and SO4 2- in water. More or less AA concentration, AA has no function as inhibitor. The amount is not enough to form the protective film on the metal surface and some are used to form the chelate compounds with the metal ions. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pengujian dengan metode Planned-Interval Test dalam interval waktu (0-5) hari, (0-10) hari, (0-15) hari dan (10-15) hari menunjukkan perubahan kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku korosi tembaga. Perubahan kondisi lingkungan ini ditunjukkan oleh penurunan pH dan peningkatan nilai konduktivitas lingkungan. Penurunan pH dari 7,6 ke 7,1 pada interval waktu (0-5) hari karena reaksi hidrolisis dan dekomposisi asam askorbat (AA). Sedangkan nilai konduktivitas yang semakin tinggi disebabkan oleh semakin banyaknya ion-ion terlarut dalam lingkungan. Kedua perubahan ini menimbulkan peningkatan pada korosivitas lingkungan. Korosivitas tertinggi dijumpai pada interval waktu (10-15) hari , terbukti dengan laju korosi paling besar. Efisiensi AA tertinggi untuk semua variasi lingkungan NaCl dan CaSO4 terjadi pada 150 ppm. Kurang atau lebih dari 150 ppm , AA tidak akan berfungsi sebagai inhibitor karena selain jumlah AA yang tidak memadai untuk inhibisi juga dipakai bersama ion logam membentuk senyawa kelat yang meningkatkan laju korosi. Kata kunci: laju korosi, efisiensi inhibisi, asam askorbat
Mullite Ceramics: Its Properties Structure and Synthesis Juliana Anggono
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2005): APRIL 2005
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

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Abstract

Besides its importance for conventional ceramics, mullite has become a choice of material for advanced structural and functional ceramics due to its favourable properties. Some outstanding properties of mullite are low thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity, excellent creep resistance, high-temperature strength, and good chemical stability. The mechanism of mullite formation depends upon the method of combining the alumina- and silica-containing reactants. It is also related to the temperature at which the reaction leads to the formation of mullite (mullitisation temperature). Mullitisation temperatures have been reported to differ by up to several hundred degrees Celsius depending on the synthesis method used. The three synthesis methods used to prepare mullite are discussed in this paper together with an overview of mullite, its properties and the current application of mullite. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Keramik mullite tidak hanya penting dalam penggunaan konvensional, tetapi juga sudah menjadi bahan pilihan untuk aplikasi struktural dan fungsional karena sifat-sifatnya yang menguntungkan. Beberapa keunggulan sifat mullite adalah sifat muai dan konduktivitas panasnya rendah, ketahanan mulur yang tinggi, kekuatan yang terjaga pada temperatur tinggi, dan sifat korosinya yang baik. Mekanisme pembentukan mullite bergantung pada bagaimana proses menggabungkan reaktan yang mengandung alumina dan silika. Mekanisme tersebut juga bergantung pada temperatur reaksi awal yang akan mengarah pada pembentukan mullite (mullitisation). Beberapa penelitian melaporkan terjadinya temperatur mullitisation yang bervariasi hingga beberapa ratus derajat Celsius bergantung pada proses sintesa yang digunakan. Artikel ini menjelaskan tiga proses sintesa yang menghasilkan mullite yang dibahas bersama dengan sifat-sifat dan aplikasi mullite saat ini. Kata kunci: mullite, mullitisation, fasa glassy, sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, chemical vapour deposition.
Evaluasi Pembuatan Prototype Package Tray Biokomposit Serat Tebu- Polypropylene untuk Kebutuhan Interior Mobil Patrik Permana Putra Wijaya; Juliana Anggono
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (Sinta 3) Vol. 17 No. 2 (2020): OCTOBER 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach, Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/jtm.17.2.42-47

Abstract

Natural fibers used in the fabrication of biocomposite product can support the need of the industries for lightweight yet strong material. Sugarcane bagasse is one of the available natural fibers in Indonesia. There have been some research done on these bagasse fibers as reinforcement materials for plastics and their incorporation to the matrix has improved its strength. This research aimed to evaluate the fabrication of a car package tray prototype. The composition and the bagasse were prepared in accordance with the previous research in which the bagasse were alkali treated using NaOH solution of 8 wt% for one hour at room temperature. The hotpressed prototype was evaluated by its physical outlook and the mechanical property of its preform. The flexural test shows a low flexural strength of the prototype (7.4 MPa) compared to the required strength of the current material (woodboard) used by the industry (35.58 MPa). The evaluation shows the clustering of bagasse fibers, uneven distribution of sugarcane/PP in the structure and low adhesion at the interfacial region between bagasse fibers and PP.
The Reinforcing Effect of Sugar Palm Fiber on PP Kenneth Genesius Han; Juliana Anggono; Peter Jonathan
International Journal of Industrial Research and Applied Engineering Vol 5, No 1: APRIL 2020
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/jirae.5.1.23-26

Abstract

Natural fibers have the ability to reinforce polymeric materials. In this work, sugar palm fibers were added as a reinforcement agent to a polypropylene (PP) matrix to form biocomposites. Flexural strength measurement in accordance with ASTM D790-17 was carried out on PP composites with the sugar palm fiber content changed from 0 to 30 wt.% in 5 wt.% steps. The flexural strength data show a composition dependence on the fiber content with a maxima (52.09 MPa) obtained in 15 wt.% fibers. Sugarcane bagasse-PP composite together with wood board composite and neat PP as existing materials by automotive industry were used as reference material in the study. This sugar palm fiber-PP composites offer lower density in comparison with wood board composites and PP. The area density of the composites is in the range of 1285-1635 g/m2 for the composition studied while PP and wood board have area density of 1466 and 1700 g/m2 respectively.
Co-Authors Aditya, Geraldi Raka Adriana Anteng Anggorowati andre kurniawan yusuf Anthony Teguh Setiawan Budiman, Wesley Chandra Ayub Fendy, Utomo Gatut Phengkusaksomo Hery Christian Palit Juliana Anggono Kenneth Genesius Han Kristiadi, Yosua Kristoforus, Alexander Luciana Hariani Kusuma March, Robby Patrik Permana Putra Wijaya Peter Jonathan Philbert, Kresna Vincent Roche Alimin Soejono Tjitro Soejono Tjitro Soetjipto, Pilipus Albert Suhendra, Yosias Michael Sumarsono, Randy Pratama Suwandi Sugondo Tanoto, Yopi Yusuf Wibowo, Albert