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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Policy & Governance Review Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana Jurnal Ners The Journal of Hospital Accreditation (JHA) Jurnal Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Indonesian Journal of Cancer Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan (The Indonesian Journal of Health Service Management) JMMR (Jurnal Medicoeticolegal dan Manajemen Rumah Sakit) Academic Hospital Journal
Andreasta Meliala
Departemen Kebijakan Dan Manajemen Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Oxygen Systems in Indonesian Hospitals: Cross- Sectional Study and Strengthening Roadmap Meliala, Andreasta; Olivia Frans, Sandra; Hidayah, Widy; Nurfadillah, Siti; Rarasati, Srimurni; Nisa, Iztihadun; Krautmann, Michael; Magnanni, Robert
Policy & Governance Review Vol 9 No 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Indonesian Association for Public Administration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30589/pgr.v9i3.1288

Abstract

Medical oxygen is a life-saving medicine essential to modern healthcare; however, ensuring its availability remains a critical policy challenge in low- and middle-income countries. Weaknesses in production, distribution, and preparedness often translate into inequities in access, while the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how governance and logistical failures can rapidly escalate into a national emergency. This study aimed to assess the oxygen system readiness in Indonesian hospitals and highlight priority gaps for reform. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2022 across 96 hospitals in 18 districts across five provinces. Using an adapted WHO Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management Inventory, seven domains of oxygen readiness were evaluated: oxygen source, distribution, regulation, delivery, monitoring, power supply, and maintenance. Findings revealed that only 65% of hospitals had a complete oxygen system, with better readiness among hospitals on Java, public hospitals, and higher-class facilities (A and B). Significant disparities persist, particularly among referral hospitals outside Java and among lower-class hospitals. This study underscores the importance of embedding oxygen management explicitly into health system reform and governance frameworks. Strengthening oxygen supply mechanisms offers practical and managerial opportunities to enhance resilience, equity, and preparedness for future health emergencies.
Co-Authors Abdul Azis Aditya Lia Ramadona Agustino, Rizki Anang Anang Andi Sulaimana Anggita Ratna Damayanti Anggoro Budi Hartopo Anggrahini, Dyah Wulan Arifandi Arifandi Armanda Prima Astri Ferdiana Bhintani Embriana Darwito, Darwito Dina Anjayani Dira Mediani Djayanti Sari Dwi Handono Dwi Handono Sulistyo Dwi Handono Sulistyo Dyah Anggraini Fajarwati, Prahesti Faridha Hanum Firman Firman Firman Firman Firman Fitri Haryanti Fitrina Rachmadanty Siregar Gunadi Gunadi Gustina Fajarwati Sihombing Hapsari, Wulandari Indri Henny Marchelina Hidayah, Widy Hilda Mutia Hanum Husna Yulianingsih Ika Widyastuti Arumsari Irene Waine Iwan Dwiprahasto Julita Hendrartini Kartini Hasballah Katherina Adisaputro Khonsa, Oni Khorida, Arifatul Krautmann, Michael Laksono Trisnantoro Laksono Trisnantoro Likke Prawidya Putri Lisma Evareny, Mohammad Hakimi, Retna Siwi Padmawati Lucia Kris Dinarti Lutfan Lazuardi Magnanni, Robert Mariane Erika Pay Mochamat Helmi Mubasysyir Hasanbasri Muhammad Reyhan Hadwiono Mustofa, Tika Rahhmatillah Nilasari Nisa, Iztihadun Nurfadillah, Siti Nurjannah Nurjannah Olivia Frans, Sandra Pratiwi, Citra Sari Prima, Armanda Purwoadi Sujatno Qaimamunazzala, Hayu Rarasati, Srimurni Ratmasari, Dewi Ratna Budi Setiani Resti Dewi Rina K. Kusumaratna Rina Kusumaratna Rizaldy T. Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon Ruth Reza Hanggraini Sarto Setyowati Siti Ayu Putriasih Sito Meiyanto Sudirman Sugianto Adisaputro Suryanti Klase Sutena, Marthinus Teny Tjitra Sari Tjahjono Kuntjoro Tri Juli Wati Trismayanti, Ni Made Rika Valentina Dwi Yuli Siswianti Vena Jaladara Vera Otifa Visnu, Jodi Widyawati Wiradhika, Abdul Majid Halim Wiranto Yasmine, Rosanna Yohan Wenas Gunawan Yohana Puji Dyah Utami Yulita Hendrartini Yulita Hendrartini