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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Microbiology Indonesia Biotropika Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Bioma : Jurnal Biologi Indonesia Global Health Management Journal Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Medika Kartika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Anakes: Jurnal Ilmiah Analis Kesehatan Tunas Medika Jurnal Kedokteran & Kesehatan JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
Beti Ernawati Dewi
Departemen Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Cut-off Value of HSPG for Early Marker of Plasma Leakage in Adult Dengue Patient Settrin Chenderawasi; Rahajuningsih Dharma; Herdiman T. Pohan; Beti Ernawati Dewi; Rianto Setiabudy; Suhendro Suhendro; Aryati Aryati; Hardi Darmawan; Leonard Nainggolan; Agustin Iskandar
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 30 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v30i3.2221

Abstract

Plasma leakage is a state of increased vascular permeability due to loss of interendothelial junction and focal adhesion. Endothelium glycocalyx plays a major role in the pathogenesis of plasma leakage. Proteoglycans glycocalyx consists of heparan sulfate (HSPG) around 50-90%. Plasma leakage in dengue infection can be fatal and early detection is essential. This study aimed to determine the optimal cut-off value of HSPG levels for early marker of plasma leakage in dengue infection. The study was a retrospective cohort study as a part of the Community Based Dengue Study of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, which was conducted between February 2010 and January 2011. Subjects were recruited by consecutive sampling. Dengue infection was confirmed by conventional PCR serotyping. Subjects were categorized into 2 groups, i.e. those with and without plasma leakage. Plasma leakage was confirmed by hemoconcentration or hypoalbuminemia or USG results. The level of HSPG was measured using the ELISA method from the first until the third day of the hospital admission. A total of 40 subjects were involved in this study, consisting of 21 with leakage and 19 without leakage. The optimal cut-off level of HSPG as a marker of early plasma leakage in dengue infection patients on the 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day was was 2179.73 pg/mL, 2538.66 pg/mL, and 1294.06 pg/mL, respectively. HSPG could as an early marker of plasma leakage in dengue infection with an optimal cut-off value for each of the first 3 days of the patient's fever. A pediatric study was recommended to obtain the optimal cut-off value for HSPG.
STUDI BERBASIS KOMUNITAS DARI INFEKSI VIRUS DENGUE DI JAKARTA, INDONESIA Aldo Ferly; Leonard Nainggolan; Beti Ernawati Dewi
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 2 No 1 (2013): JIMKI : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

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Abstract

Pendahuluan : Demam dengue adalah penyakit infeksi yang sering dijumpai di Indonesia. Ada empat serotipe dari virus penyebab demam dengue (DENV): DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, dan DENV-4. Studi sebelumnya mendapatkan bahwa tingkat morbiditas dan insiden demam dengue berhubungan langsung dengan strain virus yang terdapat di suatu area. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strain virus dengue yang paling sering ditemui di Jakarta. Metode : Studi prospektif dilakukan dengan total 67 pasien dari komunitas dan puskesmas di Jakarta yang mengalami demam kurang dari empat puluh delapan jam dan didiagnosis secara klinis mengalami infeksi dengue berdasarkan standar WHO. RT-PCR dilakukan untuk mengetahui serotipe DENV yang paling sering ditemukan pada pasien. Hasil : Serotipe DENV yang paling sering ditemukan adalah DENV-2 (35,82%). DENV-3 adalah serotipe yang kedua tersering (20,89%) dari total pasien terinfeksi. Dari seluruh pasien, 17,91% mempunyai DENV-1 dan 8,95% DENV-4. Dari gejala klinisnya, 13,43% dianggap negatif dengue setelah tes konfirmasi. Infeksi gabungan antara DENV-4 dan DENV-1 ditemukan pada 1,49% pasien. Infeksi gabungan DENV-3 dan DENV-2 ditemukan pada 1,49% pasien. Diskusi : Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa serotipe DENV yang paling sering ditemukan di Jakarta adalah DENV-2. Hasil ini berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang menemukan bahwa DENV-3 adalah serotipe yang paling sering ditemukan pada pasien di Indonesia. Perbedaan ini disebabkan lokasi studi yang berbeda, yakni studi sebelumnya dilakukan di rumah sakit, sedangkan studi ini dilakukan di komunitas dan pusat kesehatan masyarakat.
The Effectiveness of Cassava Leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) Flavonoid Quercetin as Dengue Virus-1 Antivirus in Vitro Rayasari, Husnaya; Apriyanto, Dadan Ramadhan; Brajawikalpa, Rama Samara; Dewi, Beti Ernawati
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3s (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-741086

Abstract

Background:  Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease that can cause severe symptoms and death, placing high burden on healthcare systems in tropical regions. Currently, there are no antiviral treatments. It has been proven that synthetic quercetin able to improve body performance and reduce the risk of infection as well as inhibit DENV replication. Cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta C.) contain anthocyanins (flavonoids) such as quercetin and it shows potential as antiviral agent as the synthetic as well.    Aims: To describe the levels of self-compassion and procrastination among medical students and to examine how these factors relate to academic performance. Methods: This experimental study used post-test only with control group design consisted of 13 treatment groups and 1 control group. Treatment group were divided into 6 different concentrations for inhibition test (50 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 12.5 µg/mL, 6.25 µg/mL, 3.125 µg/mL, 1.5 µg/mL) and 7 different concentrations  for cytotoxicity test (80 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 2.5 µg/mL, 1.25 µg/mL). The control group was a negative control treated with 0.2% DMSO. Inhibition was assessed by Focus Forming Unit Assay and cytotoxic was assessed by number of Microtiter Tetrazolium Assay (MTT Assay). The statistical analysis used in this study were the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test for hypothesis test, and post-hoc test to determine whether the groups studied in this research had significant differences from each other. Results: The CC50 and IC50 values of quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) were found to be 3.44 μg/mL and 0.25 μg/mL, respectively, with an SI value of 123. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the flavonoid quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) exhibits selective properties in inhibiting the replication of DENV-1. Statistical analysis showed non-normal distribution (P<0.05), hypothesis test was accepted (P<0.05), and no significant differences between concentrations in the post-hoc test. Conclusion: Quercetin of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta C.) is effective as an antiviral agent against dengue serotype 1 strain New Guinea C in vitro. Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 15 October 2024  |  Revised: 30 November 2024  |  Accepted: 15 December 2024.   Dimension Badges:
Inhibition Test of Cassava Leaves (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Flavonoid Nicotiflorin on Replication of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 in Vitro Yulianti, Selsa; Apriyanto, Dadan Ramadhan; Brajawikalpa, Rama Samara; Dewi, Beti Ernawati
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-821192

Abstract

Background:  Dengue fever is a disease caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the dengue virus. Dengue virus infection can lead to hemorrhagic fever and even death. Currently, treatment for dengue infection is supportive, as there are no commercially available antiviral drugs. Nicotiflorin, a compound found in cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz), has shown potential as an antiviral agent against dengue. Aims: This study aimed to determine the inhibitory effect of the flavonoid nicotiflorin, derived from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaves, as an antiviral agent against dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) in vitro. Methods: A post-test-only control group design was utilized in this experimental research, comprising one control group alongside thirteen treatment groups. For the cytotoxicity assessment, the treatment groups were exposed to seven varying concentrations (1.25 µg/mL, 2.5 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, and 80 µg/mL), while six different concentration levels (1.5 µg/mL, 3.125 µg/mL, 6.25 µg/mL, 12.5 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL) were employed in the inhibition assay. The control group received 0.2% DMSO as a negative control. Antiviral inhibition was assessed using the Focus Forming Unit (FFU) Assay, while cytotoxicity was evaluated using the Microtiter Tetrazolium Assay (MTT Assay). Statistical analyses included the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, the Kruskal-Wallis test for hypothesis testing, and post-hoc analysis to assess significant differences among treatment groups. Results: The CC₅₀ and IC₅₀ values of nicotiflorin from cassava leaves were determined to be 19.24 μg/mL and 0.9550 μg/mL, respectively, yielding a Selectivity Index (SI) of 20.14. These findings indicate that the flavonoid nicotiflorin from cassava leaves exhibits selective antiviral activity against DENV-1 replication. Statistical analysis revealed a non-normal data distribution (P < 0.05), a significant difference among groups based on the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05), and no statistically significant differences among specific concentrations in the post-hoc test. Conclusion: Nicotiflorin from cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has inhibitory activity on the replication of dengue virus serotype 1 strain in vitro.
Immunopathogenesis of dengue virus and Salmonella typhi coinfection Nugraheni, Enny; Sudiro, Tjahjani Mirawati; Nainggolan, Leonard; Fithriyah; Dewi, Beti Ernawati
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art12

Abstract

Typhoid, malaria, leptospirosis, dengue virus (DENV), and other arboviruses are endemic in Indonesia. Therefore, it is more likely that DENV and other infectious diseases could be coinfected. More severe symptoms, delayed identification, and ineffective treatment of the illness can all result from Salmonella typhi coinfection. To serve as a principle for clinicians’ considerations while diagnosing and prescribing, we aim to examine the immunopathogenesis of dengue associated with Salmonella typhi coinfection. Dengue virus has the potential to increase both susceptibility and incidence of this coinfection, leading to dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) with more severe clinical symptoms. This is explained by regulating impact of coinfection in the presence of gram-negative membrane endotoxin, DENV replication, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). If Salmonella typhi coinfection is not treated promptly, both dengue and Salmonella typhi can affect several organs and result in significant morbidity and death. Dengue and typhoid immunopathogenesis coinfection are unclear. When dengue monoinfection compared with Salmonella dengue dual infections are related to higher fatality and morbidity rates.
Indonesian medicinal plants' therapeutic potential against dengue virus infection: A literature review Kartika, Aisya Alma Asmiranti; Dewi, Beti Ernawati; Sudiro, Tjahjani Mirawati
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 3, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss3.art11

Abstract

Infections caused by the dengue virus (DENV) exhibit a wide range of clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic cases to severe, and sometimes life-threatening, conditions. Therefore, identifying effective antivirals and anti-inflammatory agents is a promising strategy to reduce the impact of these infections. Indonesia, with its rich biodiversity, particularly in medicinal plants, offers potential sources for such treatments. Most research on DENV antivirals in Indonesia has been conducted in vitro and has predominantly focused on DENV serotype 2 (DENV-2). However, in vivo research on medicinal plants, as well as studies on their anti-inflammatory properties, remains limited in Indonesia.Extracts that have been investigated in both in vivo and in vitro settings are limited to Cassia alata and Curcuma longa. Plants possessing antiviral properties originate from diverse botanical families, with leaves being the most utilized plant component. Flavonoids are found in most medicinal plants that have antiviral properties. Indonesia is known to have other natural compounds, including quercetin, isobutyl gallate, curcumin, and 6-gingerol, which have antiviral properties. Curcumin and 6-gingerol are the only natural compounds that have been subjected to testing against all four serotypes of dengue. This article provides a comprehensive review of medicinal plants in Indonesia, focusing specifically on their therapeutic potential against the dengue virus.
HUBUNGAN EKSPRESI miRNA-21 DENGAN TARGET PDCD4 DAN miRNA-143 DENGAN TARGET BLC-2 PADA KASUS KANKER SERVIKS Nikki Aldi Massardi; Soemanadi; Beti Ernawati Dewi; Dewi Wulandari; Eduardus Gilang Putra
Bioma Vol. 19 No. 1 (2023): Bioma
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/Bioma19(1).6

Abstract

A study has been carried out to compare the expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-143 with target mRNA PDCD4 and BCL-2 in cases of early-stage cervical cancer compared to advanced stages. These data can be used as information for the development of non-invasive cervical cancer prognostic methods. The study was conducted by taking serum samples and exfoliativecell samples from normal subjects and subjects with cervical cancer detection and then analyzed using qRT-PCR. Samples of cervical cancer patients consisting of 15 subjects and 4 normal subjects were used to obtain relative quantity values for the expression of miRNA-21, miRNA-143, mRNA PDCD4 and BCL-2. In the study of miRNA-21, there was no significant difference in determining cervical cancer with p>0.05 using the t-test (0.594) and a significant relationship was found between miRNA 21 and PDCD4 with a strong correlation (p<0.05, r = -0.563; Pearson). The relationship between miRNA-143 and the Bcl-2 target gene in this study showed a weak and insignificant correlation (r = -0.101; p > 0.05; Pearson). There was a significant relationship between miRNA-21 and PDCD4 in early-stage and advanced-stage samples, while the relationship between miRNA-143 and the Bcl-2 mRNA target gene showed no significant correlation.
In Silico Analysis of Untranslated Region 5’ and 3’ of Dengue Virus for mRNA Vaccine Development Safrullah, Muhamad Iqbal; Dewi, Beti Ernawati; Sjatha, Fithriyah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.03.05

Abstract

Dengue fever is mosquito-borne viral infection that occur widely in tropical and sub-tropical area. With limited vaccine against dengue virus (DENV) available, the development of DENV mRNA vaccine is promising future  for disease control. This study provides an in-depth in silico analysis of the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) of the DENV genome. These regions play critical roles in viral protein translation and replication, and may serve as valuable targets for optimizing mRNA vaccine design. In this study, we comparing the nucleotide composition, secondary structure stability, and structural features of DENV UTRs across all four serotypes representative with those of Pfizer’s UTRs, aiming to identify key differences that could be utilise in the development of DENV mRNA vaccine design. From computational secondary structure, we can see some essential structure in DENV UTR, like S1 for ribosomal recognition, CS for genome cyclization. Methods involved computational analysis of nucleotide content (GC and AT percentages), secondary structure prediction, and thermodynamic stability assessment using Gibbs free energy (?G) calculations. The results revealed that DENV UTRs are highly conserved and structurally complex with higher GC content in the 5’ UTRs contributing to increased stability and potential impact on translation efficiency. DENV UTRs also exhibited more negative ?G values, indicating greater thermodynamic stability compared to Pfizer UTRs. The study concludes that understanding these structural and compositional differences can guide the rational design of mRNA vaccines, enhancing antigen expression. Future research should focus on functional validation of engineered UTRs to improve vaccine efficacy and safety, leveraging the insights gained from these structural analysis.
Trained immunity in tuberculosis infection: a systematic review Salma Rasiani; Beti Ernawati Dewi; Febriana Catur Iswanti
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.26150

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is considered a major contributor to death resulting from pathogenic bacteria; specifically, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) spreads through droplets from individuals with active TB. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems collaborate to control the infection, with innate immunity potentially playing a role in eliminating Mtb. Vaccination, early diagnosis, and treatment can reduce the severity of the infection, but new strategies are still needed to address TB. Research suggests that trained immunity may assist in combating pathogens, including Mtb, and could open new opportunities for treatment. A systematic review was conducted following the eight-step Cochrane methodology and adhering to PRISMA guidelines. An initial automated search identified 157 articles published between 2020 and 2025. Following duplicate removal and evaluation of titles and abstracts, 92 articles remained. After further screening, 52 articles were excluded, and 40 articles were identified for in-depth review. As a result, 8 publications satisfied all eligibility standards and were incorporated into the systematic review. Vaccines (e.g., BCG and TB-MAPS) and adjuvants (e.g., β-glucan) exploit trained immunity to enhance protection. BCG reprograms hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via chromatin remodeling, inducing long-term functional alterations in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages through epigenetic modifications (e.g., H3K4me3). TB-MAPS generated strong, long-lasting T cell and antibody responses and protected against Mtb infection in both lungs and spleen, matching BCG efficacy. When combined with BCG, it showed synergistic effects, further lowering lung bacterial load. Protection relied partly on IL-12p40 signaling, with IFN-γ and IL-17A pathways driving systemic and lung immunity. β-glucan operates via IL-1 signaling, epigenetically upregulating IL-1 family genes and enhancing proinflammatory responses via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. These interventions boost myelopoiesis and strengthen both innate and adaptive immune memory, providing stronger protection against TB and opening avenues for new therapeutic approaches.
Mechanism of modified mRNA structure in COVID-19 vaccines for inducing neutralizing antibodies Sabighoh Zanjabila; Beti Ernawati Dewi
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.121

Abstract

The development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines is closely linked to advancements in mRNA manufacturing technology. Structural modifications, such as replacing uridine with 1-methylpseudouridine (1mψ), enhance translation efficiency and help the mRNA evade immune detection. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) serve as an effective delivery system. Vaccines like BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 target the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein, prompting B cells to produce neutralizing antibodies that block the RBD from binding to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, preventing infection. These vaccines also stimulate adaptive immune responses by activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with mRNA functioning as an endogenous antigen. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) present the vaccine antigens via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II pathways, with CD8+ T cells recognizing MHC class I and destroying infected cells, while CD4+ T cells recognize MHC class II and assist in B cell maturation and antibody production. While mRNA vaccines have proven effective in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, challenges remain, including the decline in neutralizing antibody titers over time and the emergence of new viral variants.
Co-Authors . Andriansjah Agus Syahrurachman Agustin Iskandar Aldo Ferly Andi Yasmon Apriyanto, Dadan Ramadhan Ari Estuningtyas Aryati Aryati Budiman Bela Chie Aoki-Utsubo Cita Christine Mayorita DEKA LARASATI Desti, Hidayati Dewi Wulandari Dewi Wulandari Dewijanti, Indah Dwiatmi Eduardus Gilang Putra Eleanor Louana Urfa Elisabeth D. Harahap EVA DAMAYANTI Febriana Catur Iswanti Fera Ibrahim Fithriyah Fitriyah Sjahta Hak Hotta Hardi Darmawan Heni Pujiastuti Herdiman T. Pohan Kartika, Aisya Alma Asmiranti Lenggo Geni Leonard Nainggolan Lia Meilawati Linlin Haeni Marissa Angelina Mirawati Sudiro Nadia Tita Indriasti Nikki Aldi Massardi Nugraheni, Enny Oktania Sandra Puspita OKTIVIA CHANDRA MUSTIKA Pramita G. Dwipoerwantoro Putra, Eduardus Gilang Rahajuningsih Dharma Rama Samara Brajawikalpa Rayasari, Husnaya Rianto Setiabudy Rizka Andhitia Mentari Putri Sabighoh Zanjabila Safrullah, Muhamad Iqbal Salma Rasiani Santi, Mei Ria Settrin Chenderawasi SJATHA, FITHRIYAH Soemanadi Soemanadi Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Suhendro Suhendro Syamsiar, Syamsiar T. Mirawati Sudiro Tjahjani Mirawati Sudiro TJAHJANI MIRAWATI SUDIRO Tjahjani Mirawati Sudiro VIVI SETIAWATY Yulianti, Selsa YULIANTY MUHAYAR