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DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA) IN MOUNT BROMO FOREST AREA WITH SPECIAL PURPOSE (FASP), KARANGANYAR, CENTRAL JAWA Pertiwi, Rizqi Adanti Putri; Sugiyarto, Sugiyarto; Budiharjo, Agung; Nayasilana, Ike Nurjuita
ZOO INDONESIA Vol 29, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Masyarakat Zoologi Indonesia

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Butterflies are insects that must be preserved because of their role in balancing ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to know the diversity of butterflies in Mount Bromo FSAP. This research was conducted in May-August 2019. The observation site consisted of four stations, i.e. heterogeneous forest, cultivation field, sonokeling forest, and pine forest. Observation in each station was replicated three times. Time research was applied by making a 200m x 100m plot area in each station. Abiotic factors including humidity, temperature, light intensity, and wind speed were also measured in each station. Several ecological indices of butterflies were determined, including Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), and Dominance Index (C). They were analyzed descriptively and associated with the nectar plants and abiotic factors. The result showed there are 42 species butterflies belong to five families in Mount Bromo FSAP. The butterfly diversity index is 2.78 or medium category with details 2.38, 2.50, 2.52, and 2.23 for the heterogeneous forest, cultivation field, pine forest, and sonokeling forest respectively. The diversity of butterflies is determined by the number of nectar plant, and abiotic factors suitable for butterfly activity.

DIVERSITY OF BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA) IN MOUNT BROMO FOREST AREA WITH SPECIAL PURPOSE (FASP), KARANGANYAR, CENTRAL JAWA Pertiwi, Rizqi Adanti Putri; Sugiyarto, Sugiyarto; Budiharjo, Agung; Nayasilana, Ike Nurjuita
ZOO INDONESIA Vol 29, No 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Masyarakat Zoologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52508/zi.v29i2.4039

Butterflies are insects that must be preserved because of their role in balancing ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to know the diversity of butterflies in Mount Bromo FSAP. This research was conducted in May-August 2019. The observation site consisted of four stations, i.e. heterogeneous forest, cultivation field, sonokeling forest, and pine forest. Observation in each station was replicated three times. Time research was applied by making a 200m x 100m plot area in each station. Abiotic factors including humidity, temperature, light intensity, and wind speed were also measured in each station. Several ecological indices of butterflies were determined, including Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), and Dominance Index (C). They were analyzed descriptively and associated with the nectar plants and abiotic factors. The result showed there are 42 species butterflies belong to five families in Mount Bromo FSAP. The butterfly diversity index is 2.78 or medium category with details 2.38, 2.50, 2.52, and 2.23 for the heterogeneous forest, cultivation field, pine forest, and sonokeling forest respectively. The diversity of butterflies is determined by the number of nectar plant, and abiotic factors suitable for butterfly activity.

EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI EKSTRAK BAHAN HERBAL (Mengkudu, Pepaya, Kunyit) TERHADAP DAYA HAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Aeromonas hydrophila SECARA IN VITRO Dadi Pratama; Agung Budiharjo
Jurnal Akademika Biologi Vol. 6 No. 2 April 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Undip

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. One of the alternative to overcome bacterial diseases of fish is by using herbal material that contain antibacterial. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of a combination of herbal material extract (noni, papaya and turmeric) in controlling the growth of bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila in-vitro. The research design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consists of 33 treatments and 3 replications. The parameters measured were the absorbance value (λ = 600 nm) of A. hydrophila growth after 18 hours of incubation and was measured by multiskan GO microplate spectrophotometer. This research was conducted through a two-stage test, the test MIC and FIC using microdilution method. MIC test result showed the minimum dosage of each herbal extract that is 1 µl/ml for noni extract, 2 µl/ml for papaya extract, and 1 µl/ml for turmeric extract. Values obtained FIC index is 0.250 (combination MP), and 0.375 (a combination of MK and PK). The combination of herbal material each extract showed synergistic interaction with FIC index values ≤ 0.5. Formula of the most effective and efficient than any combination is 1/8x noni and 1/4x papaya, 1/4x noni and 1/8x turmeric, 1/4x papaya and 1/8x turmeric. Keywords: Antibacterial, A.hydrophila, FIC Indeks

Pengolahan Kotoran Gajah Taman Satwa Taru Jurug Surakarta Menjadi Pupuk Organik Tetri Widiyani; Shanti Listyawati; Elisa Herawati; Agung Budiharjo; Okid Parama Astirin
Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) Vol 5 (2022): PERAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DAN DUNIA USAHA DALAM AKSELERASI PEMULIHAN DAMPAK PANDEMI
Publisher : Asosiasi Sinergi Pengabdi dan Pemberdaya Indonesia (ASPPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37695/pkmcsr.v5i0.1554

Taman Satwa Taru Jurug (TSTJ) adalah suatu kebun binatang yang berlokasi di kota Surakarta yang secara spesifik membidangi konservasi flora dan fauna, edukasi, dan rekreasi. TSTJ ditopang oleh 67 spesies satwa yang terdiri dari 331 ekor satwa serta ribuan pohon. Dengan keberadaan satwa, dihasilkan limbah berupa kotoran hewan (feses). Feses TSTJ belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan berpotensi mencemari lingkungan terutama dari feses gajah. Oleh karena itu pengadian ini bertujuan melakukan pengolahan feses gajah TSTJ menjadi pupuk organik untuk mengatasi pencemaran lingkungan. Metode pengolahan feses gajah menjadi pupuk organik dilakukan dengan cara fermentasi menggunakan bioaktivator EM4. Feses gajah yang digunakan adalah feses yang telah kering. Feses dicampur sekam padi dan kapur tohor dengan perbandingan 5:2:1. EM4 dilarutkan dalam air dan molase kemudian disemprotkan pada campuran bahan pupuk sampai lembab dan dimasukkan dalam wadah tertutup. Proses pembuatan pupuk dilakukan selama 3 bulan. Di akhir kegiatan diselenggarakan acara FGD (forum group discussion) untuk mensosialisasikan teknologi pengolahan feses ini kepada perwakilan pengelola TSTJ. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pupuk organik padat dengan konsistensi kasar berserabut berwarna hitam kecoklatan dengan kondisi lembab dan pH cenderung asam (5,6). Dari kegiatan FGD diperoleh beberapa masukan sebagai bahan evaluasi dalam proses pengolahan feses dan keberlanjutan program ini.

Pemanfaatan potensi Azolla microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor) Rory Ade Kristiawan; Agung Budiharjo; Artini Pangastuti
Depik Vol 8, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstract. Azolla microphylla is included Azollaceae family that very rich of protein, essential amino acid, vitamin and mineral. Azolla plant can be a potential source of nutrient for fish. The study was aimed to determine the utilization of potential of A. microphylla as a feed for Anguilla bicolor bicolor. This study was used a completely randomized design (CRD), with five treatments and three replications. About 15 of A. bicolor bicolor with an average body length of 20-25 cm and a weight of ± 10 g were divided into five groups, into each aquarium containing three fish and they have been given treatment test by substitution of A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days. The parameters of this study were absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, feed convertion ratio and survival rate of A. bicolor. The ANOVA analysis were continued by the Tukey test in a confidence level of 95%, has shown difference results significantly (P 0.05) for control treatment (0% A. microphylla) which were absolute weight gain: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/day), FCR: 13,25±2,62 and SR: 100%. All treatment that substituted by A. microphylla haven’t shown positive results. Based results of the research, concentrations of A. microphylla which has been substituted (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days, it hasn’t shown potential feed for A. bicolor bicolorKeywords: Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, feed, substitution, potentialAbstrak. Azolla microphylla termasuk dalam famili Azollaceae yang sangat kaya protein, asam amino esensial, vitamin dan mineral. Tanaman azolla dapat menjadi sumber nutrien potensial untuk ikan. Anguilla bicolor bicolor merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki potensial ekspor dengan permintaan pasar dunia yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan potensi A. microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat A. bicolor bicolor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Sekitar 15 ekor A. bicolor bicolor dengan rata-rata panjang tubuh 20-25 cm dan berat ± 10 g dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, ke dalam akuarium masing-masing berisi tiga ikan untuk diberi pakan uji dengan substitusi A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari. Parameter penelitian ini adalah pertambahan berat mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup A. bicolor bicolor. Hasil analisis ANOVA dilanjutkan uji Tukey dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, menunjukkan hasil beda nyata (P0,05) pada perlakuan kontrol (0% A. microphylla) dengan pertambahan berat mutlak: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/hari), FCR: 13,25±2,62 dan SR: 100%. Seluruh perlakuan dengan substitusi A. microphylla belum menunjukkan hasil positif untuk ikan sidat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian A. microphylla dengan substitusi konsentrasi (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari, belum menunjukkan potensi sebagai pakan untuk A. bicolor bicolor.Kata Kunci : Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, pakan, substitusi, potensi

Pemanfaatan potensi Azolla microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor) Rory Ade Kristiawan; Agung Budiharjo; Artini Pangastuti
Depik Vol 8, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.8.1.12842

Abstract. Azolla microphylla is included Azollaceae family that very rich of protein, essential amino acid, vitamin and mineral. Azolla plant can be a potential source of nutrient for fish. The study was aimed to determine the utilization of potential of A. microphylla as a feed for Anguilla bicolor bicolor. This study was used a completely randomized design (CRD), with five treatments and three replications. About 15 of A. bicolor bicolor with an average body length of 20-25 cm and a weight of ± 10 g were divided into five groups, into each aquarium containing three fish and they have been given treatment test by substitution of A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days. The parameters of this study were absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, feed convertion ratio and survival rate of A. bicolor. The ANOVA analysis were continued by the Tukey test in a confidence level of 95%, has shown difference results significantly (P 0.05) for control treatment (0% A. microphylla) which were absolute weight gain: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/day), FCR: 13,25±2,62 and SR: 100%. All treatment that substituted by A. microphylla haven’t shown positive results. Based results of the research, concentrations of A. microphylla which has been substituted (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days, it hasn’t shown potential feed for A. bicolor bicolorKeywords: Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, feed, substitution, potentialAbstrak. Azolla microphylla termasuk dalam famili Azollaceae yang sangat kaya protein, asam amino esensial, vitamin dan mineral. Tanaman azolla dapat menjadi sumber nutrien potensial untuk ikan. Anguilla bicolor bicolor merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki potensial ekspor dengan permintaan pasar dunia yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan potensi A. microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat A. bicolor bicolor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Sekitar 15 ekor A. bicolor bicolor dengan rata-rata panjang tubuh 20-25 cm dan berat ± 10 g dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, ke dalam akuarium masing-masing berisi tiga ikan untuk diberi pakan uji dengan substitusi A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari. Parameter penelitian ini adalah pertambahan berat mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup A. bicolor bicolor. Hasil analisis ANOVA dilanjutkan uji Tukey dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, menunjukkan hasil beda nyata (P0,05) pada perlakuan kontrol (0% A. microphylla) dengan pertambahan berat mutlak: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/hari), FCR: 13,25±2,62 dan SR: 100%. Seluruh perlakuan dengan substitusi A. microphylla belum menunjukkan hasil positif untuk ikan sidat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian A. microphylla dengan substitusi konsentrasi (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari, belum menunjukkan potensi sebagai pakan untuk A. bicolor bicolor.Kata Kunci : Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, pakan, substitusi, potensi

Pemanfaatan potensi Azolla microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat (Anguilla bicolor) Rory Ade Kristiawan; Agung Budiharjo; Artini Pangastuti
Depik Vol 8, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.8.1.12842

Abstract. Azolla microphylla is included Azollaceae family that very rich of protein, essential amino acid, vitamin and mineral. Azolla plant can be a potential source of nutrient for fish. The study was aimed to determine the utilization of potential of A. microphylla as a feed for Anguilla bicolor bicolor. This study was used a completely randomized design (CRD), with five treatments and three replications. About 15 of A. bicolor bicolor with an average body length of 20-25 cm and a weight of ± 10 g were divided into five groups, into each aquarium containing three fish and they have been given treatment test by substitution of A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days. The parameters of this study were absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, feed convertion ratio and survival rate of A. bicolor. The ANOVA analysis were continued by the Tukey test in a confidence level of 95%, has shown difference results significantly (P 0.05) for control treatment (0% A. microphylla) which were absolute weight gain: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/day), FCR: 13,25±2,62 and SR: 100%. All treatment that substituted by A. microphylla haven’t shown positive results. Based results of the research, concentrations of A. microphylla which has been substituted (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for 30 days, it hasn’t shown potential feed for A. bicolor bicolorKeywords: Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, feed, substitution, potentialAbstrak. Azolla microphylla termasuk dalam famili Azollaceae yang sangat kaya protein, asam amino esensial, vitamin dan mineral. Tanaman azolla dapat menjadi sumber nutrien potensial untuk ikan. Anguilla bicolor bicolor merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki potensial ekspor dengan permintaan pasar dunia yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pemanfaatan potensi A. microphylla sebagai pakan untuk ikan sidat A. bicolor bicolor. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Sekitar 15 ekor A. bicolor bicolor dengan rata-rata panjang tubuh 20-25 cm dan berat ± 10 g dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, ke dalam akuarium masing-masing berisi tiga ikan untuk diberi pakan uji dengan substitusi A. microphylla (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari. Parameter penelitian ini adalah pertambahan berat mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup A. bicolor bicolor. Hasil analisis ANOVA dilanjutkan uji Tukey dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, menunjukkan hasil beda nyata (P0,05) pada perlakuan kontrol (0% A. microphylla) dengan pertambahan berat mutlak: 0,13±0,07 g, SGR: 0,55±0,11(%/hari), FCR: 13,25±2,62 dan SR: 100%. Seluruh perlakuan dengan substitusi A. microphylla belum menunjukkan hasil positif untuk ikan sidat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian A. microphylla dengan substitusi konsentrasi (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) selama 30 hari, belum menunjukkan potensi sebagai pakan untuk A. bicolor bicolor.Kata Kunci : Azolla microphylla, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, pakan, substitusi, potensi

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for Detection of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate Compounds Rakhmiyati, Rakhmiyati; Widiyani, Tetri; Budiharjo, Agung
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.5-8

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are compounds found in shark cartilage (Carcharhinus sorrah). The two compounds have many health benefits, that is wound healing and helping the process of angiogenesis. This study aims to determine the content of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate compounds in shark cartilage (SC) extract. The method used was High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with potassium phosphate buffer solution at pH 3. The results of this research were SC extract contained glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate compounds with a retention time of 1.914 minutes.

Fish Diversity and Phylogenetics in the Lakes of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Based on eDNA Chuanata, Wilsen; Susilowati, Ari; Budiharjo, Agung; Travis, Justin M. J.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22842

Indonesia is home to 1,248 species of freshwater fish, which play a vital role in sustaining the ecosystem. Lakes Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, and Ranu Darungan, located within the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, lack data on freshwater fish. This study aimed to assess fish diversity in these lakes using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and to establish phylogenetic relationships among the species present. Water samples were filtered using 0.45 µm mixed cellulose ester filter paper, after which the collected DNA was extracted utilizing a DNA miniprep kit. The 12S rRNA gene was amplified using the MiFish primer, and the amplicon DNA was sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq 2x250 platform. The sequences were aligned using Blast+ for species identification and subsequently analyzed for alpha and beta diversity. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with MEGA12. The findings revealed eight species from five families, with Gambusia affinis being the most abundant. Ranu Pani exhibited low species diversity, while Ranu Regulo and Ranu Darungan displayed moderate diversity. Beta diversity analysis indicated similarities between Ranu Pani and Ranu Regulo, but distinct communities were found in Ranu Darungan. Phylogenetic analysis showed close relationships between species from the Cichlidae and Osphronemidae families, while a more distant relationship was observed with the Cyprinidae family. These baseline data can serve as a reference for future research on developing conservation strategies, monitoring environmental changes, and supporting biodiversity management.

Biotechnology Application of Individual and Multienzyme in Feed, and Its Effect on Broiler Growth Performance Yanti, Amalia Firdaus; Mahfudhoh, Nimatul Laili Nur; Sajidan, S; Budiharjo, Agung
Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology 2024: Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Bromelain as a single enzyme is widely used as a meat tenderizer; however this can damage the meat cell’s. The effect of adding multienzyme Phyprozyme HP in feed is not yet known, so it needs to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of broilers with the addition of single and multienzymes. This study used 42 Lohman MB 202 Grade Platinum broilers aged 21 to 35 days, using 6 treatments and 4 replications. P0 as the control feed. Bromelin was added in feed at the dose of P1: 600 GDU/kg, P2: 1200 GDU/kg, P3: 1800 GDU/kg, P4: 2400 GDU/kg, and P5: 3000 GDU/kg. Phyprozyme HP was added at P1: 0.19 g/kg, P2: 0.26 g/kg, P3: 0.33 g/kg, P4: 0.40 g/kg, and P5: 0.47 g/kg. Parameters measured included body weight, body weight gain, and carcass percentage. The results were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. The addition of bromelain in feed decreased body weight, while the addition of multienzyme significantly improved broiler performance up to a dose of 0.33 g/kg feed. The addition of bromelain decreased carcass percentage to 11.07%, while the addition of multienzyme increased carcass percentage to 8.83%, but decreased it to 7.68% at the highest dose.

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