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Perancangan Program Aplikasi Penentuan Portofolio Investasi dengan Metode Dempster Shafer Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process Rojali, Rojali; Karim, Syaeful; Gerriano, Edgar
ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications Vol 2, No 1 (2011): ComTech
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/comtech.v2i1.2726

Abstract

Investment is very popular nowadays to gain profits of the available property. Many investment portfolios are available but there are still a handful of users who have not been able to determine the best type of investment. Surely it would be very unfortunate if the property can not be well invested. Therefore, it is necessary to propose another alternative method that can determine the existing investment portfolio. This method begins by a process which details existing factors in every investment portfolio. Then, it takes intuition properly to give weight to the initial calculation. After that, it takes a Fuzzy concept as a tool to provide a numerical weight to each of the parameters. The final step is weighting process using Dempster Shafer method. With the use of three basic concepts, investors are expected to obtain objective and optimal computing results related to the profitable investment portfolio selection. 
Faktor – Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Survival Kelanjutan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis Di Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebet Jakarta Selatan Rojali Rojali; Wartiniyati Wartiniyati
JIKMI (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia) Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (JIKMI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

AbstrakPengobatan yang tidak tuntas menyebabkan penyakit tidak akan sembuh, Masalah putus berobat tuberkulosis adalah suatu yang universal, pengobatan tuberkulosis secara relatif panjang, jika dibandingkan dengan penyakit infeksi lain. Penderita tuberkulosis bila tidak diobati dengan baik akan menyebabkan terjadinya kekebalan pada kuman dan dapat menularkan penyakit pada orang lain. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor - faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kesintasan kelanjutan berobat pasien tuberkulosis menurut umur, jenis kelamin, PMO, tipe penderita, kategori pengobatan, riwayat pengobatan, Yankes dan domisili diwilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebet Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2018. Desain penelitian kohort retprospektif. Sampel sebanyak 260 orang pasien tuberkulosis yang telah menyelesaikan pengobatan tahun 2018 di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebat Jakarta Selatan. Sampel yang didapatkan 260 orang dengan menggunakan random sampling yang didapat dari kelompok tipe penderita baik penderita baru maupun penderita lama.Hasil, ditemukan penderita tuberkulosis yang putus berobat selama tahun 2018 sebesar 24 orang (9,23%). Probabilitas kesintasan kelanjutan berobat pasien tuberkulosis adalah sebesar 99,56% (hari ke 175), 99,56% (hari ke 181), 98,22 (hari ke 184), 97,78% (hari ke 185) dan 97,78% (hari ke 186). Pada analisis Cox regression Rejimen Pengobatan dan Yankes merupakan varibel indepent pada penderita tuberkulosis yang Rejimen Pengobatan Kategori 2 memiliki resiko putus berobat 0,2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan Kategori 1 (HR :0,2027 95% CI : (0,075- 0,548). Demikian juga pasien tuberkulosis pada Rumah Sakit memiliki resiko putus berobat 0,308 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien tuberkulosis yang di Puskesmas 0,308 (0.156- 0,608).Kesimpulan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap survival kelanjutan berobat penderita tuberkulosis adalah Rejimen Pengobatan dan Yankes dengan keseluruhan probabilitas survival kelanjutan berobat penderita tuberkulosis adalah 99,56% (hari ke 175 hari), 98,22% (hari ke 184) dengan median probabilitas kesintasan oada hari ke 186 hari. Disarankan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan dalam strategi DOTS yaitu diagnosis, pengobatan dan penyuluhan terhadap penderita maupun kepada PMO.Kata Kunci : Survival TB, TBC, Penderit TB, Putus Berobat, Rejimen Pengobatan AbstractIncomplete treatment causes the disease to not heal. The problem of dropping out of treatment for tuberculosis is universal, tuberculosis treatment is relatively long, when compared to other infectious diseases. Patients with tuberculosis if not treated properly will cause immunity to germs and can transmit the disease to other people. Objective: To find out the factors that influence the survival of tuberculosis patients according to age, sex, PMO, type of patient, category of treatment, medical history, health care and domicile in the area of Puskesmas Tebet, South Jakarta District, 2018. Study design: Retprospective cohort study design. A sample of 260 tuberculosis patients who completed treatment in 2018 in the Puskesmas, Tebat District, South Jakarta. The sample obtained was 260 people using random sampling obtained from the type group of patients, both new and old sufferers.Results and Discussion: There were 24 tuberculosis patients who dropped out of treatment during 2018 (9.23%). The probability of survival for tuberculosis patient treatment was 99.56% (175th day), 99.56% (181th day), 98.22 (184th day), 97.78% (185th day) and 97.78 % (day 186). In the Cox regression analysis, the Treatment Regimen and Health Care Regimen are independent variables in tuberculosis patients whose Category 2 treatment regimen has a 0.2 times greater risk of dropping out of treatment than Category 1 (HR: 0.2027 95% CI: (0.075- 0.548). Tuberculosis patients at the hospital had a risk of dropping out of treatment 0.308 times higher than tuberculosis patients in Puskesmas 0.308 (0.156-0.608).Conclusions and suggestions: The factors that influence the survival of tuberculosis patients are treatment regimens and health care with the overall probability of continuation of treatment for tuberculosis patients is 99.56% (175 days), 98.22% (184 days) with median probability of survival at day 186. It is recommended to improve the quality of health services in the DOTS strategy, namely diagnosis, treatment and counseling for patients and PMOs.Keywords: TB survival, tuberculosis, TB sufferers, discontinuation of treatment, treatment regimen
FAKTOR KELELAHAN PERAWAT RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT Faizal Miftah N; Rojali Rojali
Media Informasi Vol 14, No 1 (2018): BULETIN MEDIA INFORMASI
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (169.877 KB) | DOI: 10.37160/bmi.v14i1.173

Abstract

Rumah Sakit Harum Sisma Medika merupakan perusahaan di bawah pengelolaan PT. Sismadi Mancorpindo, yaitu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang pelayanan kesehatan antara lain rumah sakit, klinik, apotik, pendidikan paramedik, konsultan namajemen rumah sakit dan bidang kesehatan lainnya. Rumah Sakit Harum Sisma Medika tergabung dalam Ikatan Rumah Sakit Jakarta Metropolitan dan Persatuan Rumah Sakit Seluruh Indonesia (PERSI no. Reg. 10 A.130070), serta memenuhi standar Akreditasi Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 29 (61,7%) perawat rawat inap Rumah Sakit Harum Sisma Medika mengalami tingkat kelelahan sedang. Dari hasil penelitian terkait dengan faktor internal diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar; berusia 20-30 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan, sudah bekerja 5 tahun. Waktu tidur dimalam hari 8 jam. Hasil uji statistik chi-square yang didapatkan bahwa faktor eksternal (durasi kerja, shif kerja) dan faktor internal (usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, waktu tidur) tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat kelelahan. Sedangkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kelelahan hanya dari foktor eksternal (waktu istirahat).
Faktor Risiko Kepatuhan Pengobatan pada Penderita Tb Paru BTA Positif Rojali Rojali; Noviatuzzahrah Noviatuzzahrah
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol 9, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Kesehatan
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Tanjung Karang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (405.407 KB) | DOI: 10.26630/jk.v9i1.754

Abstract

This study was to determine the factors that affect the compliance of treatment of tuberculosis patients smear-positive pulmonary in Community Health Centers Cipondoh, Tangerang, Banten, the year 2015-2016. This research design was "case-control". The population was all positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients who received treatment and recorded in the listing sheet of TB-01 of Cipondoh Community Health Centers. Total samples were 35 people which been meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result showed treatment compliance description which was 80% of tuberculosis pulmonary patients obedient to medication. A predisposing factor was 74.3% for men; 82.9% new types of sufferers; 82.9% duration of treatment 6 months. The enabling factor was 37.1% of the distance to the Community Health Centers 1.26 km. The reinforcing factor of 80% did not have supervisor taking medicine. Analysis of the correlation between predisposing factor and compliance of tuberculosis treatment of smear-positive pulmonary, there was no relationship for gender variable, patient type, duration of treatment, and distance of home to Community Health  Centers. Analysis of the correlation between reinforcing factor with compliance of tuberculosis treatment of smear-positive obtained no relation for the variable status of supervisor taking medicine.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Survival Kelanjutan Berobat Penderita Tuberkulosis Di Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebet Jakarta Selatan Rojali Rojali; Wartiniyati Wartiniyati
JIKMI (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia) Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (JIKMI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

AbstrakPengobatan yang tidak tuntas menyebabkan penyakit tidak akan sembuh, Masalah putus berobat tuberkulosis adalah suatu yang universal, pengobatan tuberkulosis secara relatif panjang, jika dibandingkan dengan penyakit infeksi lain. Penderita tuberkulosis bila tidak diobati dengan baik akan menyebabkan terjadinya kekebalan pada kuman dan dapat menularkan penyakit pada orang lain. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor - faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kesintasan kelanjutan berobat pasien tuberkulosis menurut umur, jenis kelamin, PMO, tipe penderita, kategori pengobatan, riwayat pengobatan, Yankes dan domisili diwilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebet Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2018. Desain penelitian kohort retprospektif. Sampel sebanyak 260 orang pasien tuberkulosis yang telah menyelesaikan pengobatan tahun 2018 di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Tebat Jakarta Selatan. Sampel yang didapatkan 260 orang dengan menggunakan random sampling yang didapat dari kelompok tipe penderita baik penderita baru maupun penderita lama.Hasil, ditemukan penderita tuberkulosis yang putus berobat selama tahun 2018 sebesar 24 orang (9,23%). Probabilitas kesintasan kelanjutan berobat pasien tuberkulosis adalah sebesar 99,56% (hari ke 175), 99,56% (hari ke 181), 98,22 (hari ke 184), 97,78% (hari ke 185) dan 97,78% (hari ke 186). Pada analisis Cox regression Rejimen Pengobatan dan Yankes merupakan varibel indepent pada penderita tuberkulosis yang Rejimen Pengobatan Kategori 2 memiliki resiko putus berobat 0,2 kali lebih besar dibandingkan Kategori 1 (HR :0,2027 95% CI : (0,075- 0,548). Demikian juga pasien tuberkulosis pada Rumah Sakit memiliki resiko putus berobat 0,308 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien tuberkulosis yang di Puskesmas 0,308 (0.156- 0,608).Kesimpulan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap survival kelanjutan berobat penderita tuberkulosis adalah Rejimen Pengobatan dan Yankes dengan keseluruhan probabilitas survival kelanjutan berobat penderita tuberkulosis adalah 99,56% (hari ke 175 hari), 98,22% (hari ke 184) dengan median probabilitas kesintasan oada hari ke 186 hari. Disarankan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan dalam strategi DOTS yaitu diagnosis, pengobatan dan penyuluhan terhadap penderita maupun kepada PMO.Kata Kunci : Survival TB, TBC, Penderit TB, Putus Berobat, Rejimen Pengobatan AbstractIncomplete treatment causes the disease to not heal. The problem of dropping out of treatment for tuberculosis is universal, tuberculosis treatment is relatively long, when compared to other infectious diseases. Patients with tuberculosis if not treated properly will cause immunity to germs and can transmit the disease to other people. Objective: To find out the factors that influence the survival of tuberculosis patients according to age, sex, PMO, type of patient, category of treatment, medical history, health care and domicile in the area of Puskesmas Tebet, South Jakarta District, 2018. Study design: Retprospective cohort study design. A sample of 260 tuberculosis patients who completed treatment in 2018 in the Puskesmas, Tebat District, South Jakarta. The sample obtained was 260 people using random sampling obtained from the type group of patients, both new and old sufferers.Results and Discussion: There were 24 tuberculosis patients who dropped out of treatment during 2018 (9.23%). The probability of survival for tuberculosis patient treatment was 99.56% (175th day), 99.56% (181th day), 98.22 (184th day), 97.78% (185th day) and 97.78 % (day 186). In the Cox regression analysis, the Treatment Regimen and Health Care Regimen are independent variables in tuberculosis patients whose Category 2 treatment regimen has a 0.2 times greater risk of dropping out of treatment than Category 1 (HR: 0.2027 95% CI: (0.075- 0.548). Tuberculosis patients at the hospital had a risk of dropping out of treatment 0.308 times higher than tuberculosis patients in Puskesmas 0.308 (0.156-0.608).Conclusions and suggestions: The factors that influence the survival of tuberculosis patients are treatment regimens and health care with the overall probability of continuation of treatment for tuberculosis patients is 99.56% (175 days), 98.22% (184 days) with median probability of survival at day 186. It is recommended to improve the quality of health services in the DOTS strategy, namely diagnosis, treatment and counseling for patients and PMOs.Keywords: TB survival, tuberculosis, TB sufferers, discontinuation of treatment, treatment regimen
Perilaku Masyarakat terhadap Kejadian DBD di Kecamatan Ciracas Jakarta Timur Rojali Rojali; Awan Putri Amalia
Jurnal Kesehatan Manarang Vol 6 No 1 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Mamuju

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33490/jkm.v6i1.219

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and is transmitted by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach with the title "Factors Influencing Community Behavior Against Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in RW 06 Ciracas Village, Ciracas Subdistrict, East Jakarta in 2019", aiming to determine the relationship between individual characteristics, behavior, and environment for dengue incidence. Data collection is done by interviews and observations using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate methods with chi-square analysis. The number of samples in this study were 107 people with the sample technique used was simple random sampling. The results showed that 15.9% of the people were suffering from dengue fever in the last 6 months. Of the 10 variables there are 4 variables that have a relationship to the incidence of DHF, namely age (p-value = 0,000), gender (p-value = 0.017, OR = 4.146), knowledge (p-value = 0.034, OR = 5,231), action (p-value = 0.045, OR = 3.740), while education (p-value = 0.086), work (p-value = 0.748), attitude (p-value = 0.078), the existence of larvae (p-value = 0.716) has no relationship to the incidence of DHF and 1 variable that cannot be connected is the existence of a water reservoir because 100% has a water reservoir and 1 variable only looks at the picture of dengue incidence based on season.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PROGRAM KAMPUNG BERSIH DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN SAMPAH ORGANIK MENJADI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR MEREK”PISWA” Wartini yati; Joko Susanto; Rojali Rojali; Desembra Lisa; Prita Sari
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34011/jpmki.v1i2.1065

Abstract

ABSTRACT Until now,the waste problem has become an unresolved issue,especially organic waste. Independen and unproductive in reducing waste,not separating inorganic and organic waste into homework,accompanied by the absence of an integrated organic waste management house in the area. Clean village program is the goal for the handling of organic waste in the target areas in empowering enterpreunership development by utilizing organic waste into liquid organic fertilizer under the brand”Piswa”.The purpose of this empowerment is to practice the manufacture of liquid fertilizer by utilizing organic waste.The result showed that the total micronutrient Fe was 16.96 ppm,total Mn was 6.26 ppm,Zn was 1.61 ppm. Meanwhile,the micronutrient K2O reached 0.16 %,and Na+ was around 0.02 %.These result indicate that liquid organic fertilizer made has a selling value,if it is developed to the sales stage.The usefulness and skilla obtained can be furtner developed by making other types. So that the reduction of organic waste in the target area can be handled by utilizing organic waste into economic value.  
Overview of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Kebayoran Lama Rojali, Rojali; Rstiaty, Indah; Syafitri, Dini; Maghfiroh, Asyfi
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol 14 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjung Karang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26630/jk.v14i1.3414

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is a vector-based disease still a significant problem in Indonesia. For two years, the Kebayoran Lama Selatan Sub-District has been in the first position of cases in the Kebayoran Lama District. This study aims to find out the distribution of dengue incidence based on individual characteristics (age, sex, education, knowledge, attitudes) and environmental factors (presence of mosquito larvae, water reservoirs (TPA), lighting, humidity, presence of wire netting, and presence of larvae-eating fish. This research is descriptive with a research design case study in June 2022. The population was DHF sufferers in 2020-2021. The sampling technique uses the technique of total sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and direct measurements. The results were 52.6% of patients with female sex, 52.6% of patients with an age range ≥15, 36.8% of patients with elementary school education, 73.7% had a good level of knowledge, 78.9% had a good attitude, 52.6% found mosquito larvae, 89.5% did not close the water reservoir, 57.9% did not have wire mesh in the ventilation, 100% did not have larvae-eating fish, 52.6% lighting did not meet the requirements, and 100% humidity did not meet the criteria. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to routinely drain the TPA once a week, close the TPA both inside and outside the house, install wire mesh on the ventilation, use a humidifier to regulate humidity, install glass tiles, and maintain environmental cleanliness as a form of prevention of DHF.
Kemampuan Media Filter Manganese Greensand Dan Karbon Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Mangan (Mn) Pada Air Tanah, Kelurahan Gunung Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Rojali, Rojali; Miftahul El-Jannah, Syarifah; Wartiniyati, Wartiniyati; Pangestu, Pangestu; Aliza , Fathiani Nur
Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Vol 24 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/sulo.v24i1.112

Abstract

Water is a vital resource and an essential human need for nearly all activities. Environmental Health Quality Standards for water encompass physical, biological, and chemical parameters, with a particular focus on Manganese (Mn) levels, which can be neurotoxic when consumed in excess. Filtration using a combination of Manganese Greensand and Coconut Shell Activated Carbon has been shown to effectively reduce Manganese levels in groundwater, achieving reductions of up to 80%. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these media in lowering Manganese levels based on the volume of water filtered in RT 08, RW 01, Gunung Kebayoran Baru Subdistrict, South Jakarta. Utilizing a one-group pretest-posttest design, the study filtered groundwater with a Manganese concentration of 5 mg/L in volumes of 56, 112, 168, and 224 litres. The results indicated a decrease in Manganese levels, but the reductions did not meet the quality standards. The highest reduction percentage occurred at a volume of 56 litres, with a 48% decrease. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference among the variations in water volume (p-value = 0.00001).  Keywords: Activated Carbon, Manganese Greensand, Environmental Health
HUBUNGAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KOTA ADMINISTRASI JAKARTA TIMUR Rojali, Rojali; Restiaty, Indah; Lisa, Desembra; Setyadi, Muhammad Dimas
Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Vol 23 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/sulo.v23i1.427

Abstract

Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Indonesia merupakan salah satu penyakit endemik dengan angka kesakitan yang angka kejadiannya cenderung meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Pada tahun 2020, menurut Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020, angka kejadian DBD di Indonesia mencapai 95.944 kasus. Jumlah kasus DBD di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur pada tahun 2021 tercatat sebanyak 925 kasus. Peningkatan kasus DBD disebabkan oleh faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya penyakit DBD, salah satu faktor risikonya adalah lingkungan fisik yaitu iklim. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui “Hubungan Perubahan Iklim dengan Kejadian Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur Tahun 2016-2021”. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan kajian ekologi yang menggunakan populasi sebagai unit analisis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi gambaran iklim di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur tahun 2016-2021, mengidentifikasi gambaran kejadian DBD tahun 2016-2021, dan mengetahui hubungan perubahan iklim yaitu suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan , hari hujan, dan kecepatan kejadian DBD tahun 2016-2021. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji statistik regresi linier sederhana, diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat korelasi sedang antara kelembaban relatif dan kecepatan dengan kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur Tahun 2016. -2021. Kelembaban yang tinggi akan meningkatkan kejadian DBD dan jika kecepatan rendah maka kejadian DBD juga akan meningkat. Mengingat adanya hubungan antara kedua variabel tersebut dengan kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD), maka diharapkan adanya kerjasama lintas sektoral di bidang terkait mengenai pemantauan iklim dan pengendalian penyakit DBD di Pemerintah Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur guna mencegah terjadinya lonjakan kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur. Kata kunci : Iklim, DBD, kelembaban relatif