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KEBUTUHAN IBU HAMIL AKAN TABLET BESI UNTUK PENCEGAHAN ANEMI Fitrah Emawati; Yuniar Rosmalina; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) JILID 23 (2000)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v0i0.1498.

THE NEED OF IRON TABLET OF PREGNANT WOMEN TO PREVENT FROM ANEMIA.Background: The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women remain high about 51%. Many studes have been done to reduce prevalence anemia among pregnant women, however the studes do not encourage of the pregnant women to full fill their need of Iron tablet.Objective: To know the knowledge of anemia and its consequence, anemia status and the need of iron tablet of pregnant women who get anemia counseling from midwife and those who did not get counseling.Method: The site of the study was Bogor Municipality. Cohort observation was used in the study. The Subjects were pregnant women of second and third trimester and they were grouped into two groups with and without anemia counseling by midwife during iron tablet administration. The data gathered were the need of iron tablet social economic, knowledge about anemia and its consequence, hemoglobin and hematocrit.Results: we found a significance increase of knowledge about anemia and its consequence in the group of women with anemia counseling, but their need of iron tablet is still low about 20-30 percent in the two groups. There were 52 percent women with counseling group consuming the entire tablet given from midwife. However, anemia was remaining high 46,2 percent among pregnant women with counseling group.Conclusions: The percentage of anemia after four month anemia counseling is high since the need of iron tablet of pregnant women is low.Key Words: pregnant women, iron tablet anemia

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ASAM FOLAT, VITAMIN B12 DAN B6 PADA PIL BESI TERHADAP KADAR HOMOCYSTEIN PLASMA IBU HAMIL ANEMIA Effendi Rustan; M. Saidin; Yuniar Rosmalina; Dewi Permaesih; Fitrah Emawati; Endi Ridwan; Muhilal Muhilal
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) JILID 24 (2001)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v0i0.1505.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ASAM FOLAT, VITAMIN B12 DAN B6 PADA PIL BESI TERHADAP KADAR HOMOCYSTEIN PLASMA IBU HAMIL ANEMIA

HUBUNGAN KANDUNGAN KAROTENOID DAN RETINOL DALAM DARAH DAN ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI DAERAH PENGHASIL DAN BUKAN PENGHASIL SAYURAN Joko Pambudi; Fitrah Emawati; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) JILID 24 (2001)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v0i0.1506.

Association of Carotenoids and Retinol Levels In Blood and Breastmilk of Breastfeeding Mothers In Vegetables Producing Area and Non-Vegetables Producing Area.Background: Vegetables are available in abundant amount in the less developed countries, including Indonesia, and are the source of carotenoids and other important nutrient, especially vitamin A. In rural areas, vegetables are becoming important source of vitamin A, especially for breastfeeding mothers.Objectives: To study carotenoids and retinol levels in blood and breastmilk of breastfeeding mothers in vegetables producing area and non-vegetables producing area, and its implication to the availability of vitamin A to breastfeeding mothers.Method: Samples were collected from 87 breastfeeding mothers with their breastfeeding age of 3-6 months, and they came from two areas, vegetables producing area and non-vegetables producing area. Blood and breastmilk were taken and analyzed for their carotenoids and retinol levels using HPLC.Results: The study found there were differences of carotenoids components and retinol in blood and breastmilk of breastfeeding mothers between vegetables producing area and non-vegetables producing area. The levels of lutein, lycopene, β-carotene and retinol in blood of breastfeeding mothers living in vegetables producing area were significantly different (p<0.01) from non vegetables producing area. However, for β-cryptoxanthin, and α-carotene were not significantly different (p>0.05). The levels of carotenoids and retinol in breastmilk showed differences. The levels of lutein, lycopene, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and retinol in breastmilk of mothers in vegetables producing area were significantly different (p<0.01) from non-vegetables producing area. While β-carotene level was not significantly different (p>0.05). There were a correlation of lutein (r=0.4610, p<0.05), β-cryptoxanthin (r=0.3321, p<0.05), and β-carotene (r=0.4548, p<0.05) levels between in blood and breastmilk in vegetables producing area. While only level of lutein (r=0.6166, p<0.01) in blood correlated with breastmilk in non-vegetables producing area. There was no strong correlation (p>0.05) between vegetables consumption and carotenoids and retinol levels of blood and breastmilk, botj in vegetables producing area and non-vegetables producing area.Conclusion: The result of study showed carotenoids and retinol levels of blood and breastmilk in mothers from vegetables producing area were higher than that of non-vegetables producing area.Recommendation: To encourage breastfeeding mothers in order to consume more vegetables intensively through the existing program.Keywords: carotenoids, Lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, β-carotene, retinol, α-carotene.

PROFIL DISTRIBUSI LEMAK TUBUH DAN LEMAK DARAH DEWASA GEMUK DI PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN Fitrah Emawati; Muherdiyantiningsih Muherdiyantiningsih; Rustan Effendi; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1406.

THE PROFILE OF BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION AND SERUM LIPID OF THE OBESE ADULT IN RURAL AND URBAN AREA.Background: Coronary heart disease is becoming prevalent in productive age in Java and Bali, while one of the risk of coronary heart disease is dislipidemia which have correlation to obesity and overweight. Objectives: To know the profile of body fat distribution and serum lipid of the obese adult living in rural and urban area. Methods: The design of the study is correlational. The study was done in 2 sub-districts, Ranca Bungur and Tanah Sareal, Bogor. Samples of the study were adult men and women who had BMI > 25 kg/m2 and aged 30-55 years old. Results: Samples who live in urban area had higher BMI than those live in rural area (31 ± 3.8 kg/m2 vs 29 ± 2.9 kg/m2), while women live in rural area had subscapula and suprailiaca with bicep and tricep rasio (SSi-BT) slightly higher than those in urban area (1,44 ± 0.29 vs 1,32 ± 0.27). Men live in urban area had HDL and LDL cholesterol level higher than those in rural area. The concentration of cholesterol and blood pressure of samples who live in rural higher than those in urban. The activity level of women and men in urban area were lighter than those in rural area. Abdominal to hip ratio of women in rural had correlation to blood glucose and LDL level while fat distribution of women living in urban had no correlation to serum lipid. SSi-BT and abdominal to hip ratio (RLPP) of men in rural had correlation to trigliceride, on the other hand the abdominal to hlp ratio of men who lived in urban had correlation to cholesterol level. Conclusions: Fat distribution of men and women in rural area distributed to central of the body (abdominal), while women in urban area distributed to general of the body and men was mainly located in central of the body (abdominal). Abdominal to hip ratio and SSi-BT had correlation to serum lipid, but not BMI. The activity level of women and men in rural or urban had no correlation to serum lipid.Keywords: body fat distribution, serum lipid, obese adult, rural, urban

HUBUNGAN ANTARA ZINC SERUM DENGAN STATUS GIZI LANSIA Fitrah Emawati; Sri Martuti; Joko Pambudi; Rustan Efendi
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 1 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i1.1418.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ZINC SERUM AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ELDERLY PEOPLE.Background: The findings of study that 30% in Bogor and 27% in Jakarta of elderly people were undernourished. Malnutrition may occur due to infection and low food intake. Among elderly people, one of the factors that causes low food intake is affected by impairment of taste sensory and teeth function. The impairment of taste sensory is influenced by zinc status in the body.Objective: To collect food consumption pattem data of zinc rich foods, zinc concentration in serum and to analyze association of zinc concentration and nutritional status.Methods: Research design was cross sectional, and conducted in two sub districts in Bogor city. The respondents were women in 60-75 years of age, no suffering from illnesses and chronically disease. The total respondent was 90 people, and divided into three groups of 30 peoples. Data gathered included respondent identity, physical examination, anthropometry, blood biochemical and zinc dietary consumption.Results: Zinc dietary consumption adequacy of underweight group was only 30% of recommended dietary allowance, while for normal and overweight groups were 40% of dietary allowance. Zinc serum concentration of underweight group (82 ug/dl) was not significantly different with normal group (85 ug/dl), however differed significantly (p<0.05) with overweight group (95 ug/dl). Underweight group suffered 40% zinc deficiency, 27% for normal and only 7% for overweight group.Conclusions: Zinc deficiency was more prevalent in underweight group than that of normal and overweight group. [Panel Gizi Makan 2002,25: 26-33).Keywords: zinc serum concentration, zinc dietary consumption, underweight

ENERGI EXPENDITURE PADA LANSIA Yuniar Rosmalina; Dewi Permaesih; Fitrah Emawati; Reviana Christiani; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i2.1422.

ENERGY EXPENDITURE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE.Background: Physical activity is a factor to estimate the energy requirement. The elderly tend to reduce their activities which influence their energy requirement. Now aday the energy need for elderly is extrapolated from the adult. Energy expenditure based on their daily activities Is a method to estimate the energy requirement.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to assess energy expenditure of elderly people based on the daily physical activities.Methods: The study was conducted in 2 sub-sub districts of Bogar Country. A total of 92 elderly (42 men and 50 women) were included in this study. The inclusion criteria were BMI 18.5- 25.0, physically and hematologically healthy and agree to participate in this study. Physical activities data were collected 3 days respectively using method record and recall and energy intakes using 3 day food record by weighing.Results: The average age was 67.5 ± 5,1 years for male elderly and 65.4 ± 3.9 years of female elderly. Recreational activities (reading, watching TV, sitting) were the most activities done by male elderly (34.9% of the day) while female elderly 34.8% of the day were spent for sleeping activity. The highest energy expenditure of male elderly was contributed from reactional activities (570.3 ± 187.8) Kcal/day while female elderly the highest energy expenditure was contributed from household work activities. The average energy expenditure for male elderly was 1870.2 ± 261.2 Kcal/day or 34.4 Kcal/Body weight/day and female elderly was 1840.2 ± 255.7 Kcal/day or 38.2 Kcal/Body weight/day. The energy Intake of male elderly was 1858 ± 471.7 Kcal/day or 34.1 Kcal/Body weight/day and female elderly was 1472 ± 255.7 Kcal/day or 30.8 Kcal/Body weight/day.Conclusions: Conclusion of this research was the energy expenditure of male elderly balance with their energy consumption, while the energy expenditure of female elderly higher than their energy consumption.Recommendations: Further study on physical activities of elderly of different culture in Indonesia is needed.Keywords: elderly, physical activities, energy expenditure

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINGKAT KESEGARAN JASMANI LANSIA LAKI-LAKI TIDAK ANEMIA Yuniar Rosmalina; Dewi Permaesih; Fitrah Emawati; Reviana Christiani; Dangsia Moeloek; Susilowati Herman
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 26 No. 1 (2003)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v26i1.1426.

FACTORS RELATED TO PHYSICAL FITNESS OF NON-ANEMIC MALE ELDERLYBackground: Physical fitness can be used as indicator of the community health including elderly people. One of the benefit is elderly could live independently and do their daily activities without assistant. Since there were some factors related to physical fitness of the elderly people. This study aim to determine what factors were associated with physical fitness of non anemic male elderly in rural and urban area. Methods: 217 non anemic male elderly in rural area and 289 in urban area were participated in this study. After screening on blood hemoglobin level an agreed to participate the measurement followed by physical fitness measurements. Nutritional status was calculated from their body weight and height. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic factors, sosial activities, daily physical activities. Semi-FFQ was applied to assess their energy and protein intake. Results: The proportion of elderly who had low level physical fitness was 57.1% in rural area and 82.6% in urban area. Statistical analysis shows that the level of physical fitness in rural area was significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristic (age, current occupational and economic burden), sosial activities (religious activities), life style (current and previous smoking status), health status (systolic and diastolic blood level), energy and protein intakes. In Urban area shows that the level of physical fitness was significantly associated with life style (current smoking status, physical activities level, nutrtitional status, health status (systolic blood level) and energy and protein intakes. Conclusions: Several factors which cause the difference of level physical fitness between elderly at rural and urban area were job status, economic burden, physical activity, and diastolic blood pressure.Keyword: physical fitness, elderly.

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