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Tjutju Nurhayati
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BIODEGRADASI KOMPONEN KIMIA PADA LIMBAH LIGNOSELU- LOSA OLEH JAMUR PERUSAK KAYU (Biodegradation of wood chemical components in lignocellulosic wastes by white­rot fungi) Sri Komarayati; TjuTju Nurhayati; Gusmailina Gusmailina
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.2.57-64

Abstract

This paper reports the result of an experiment on the treatment of different forestry wastes, i.e., the sawdust of Hevea brasiliensis Pinus merkusii, Paraserianthes falcataria and the leaves of melaleuca leucodendron with Schizophyllum commune Fr for 7 weeks.The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of white-rot fungi inoculation to the decrease of chemical components like cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose.the results reveal that after treating for 7 weeks, sengon sawdust still has a very .high cellullose content of 22.55% in rubber tree sawdust, lignin and hemicellulose contents are 32.66% and 47.39%, respectively.After decreasing chemical components. Lignocellulose waste could be fermented by solid state fermentation for biogas.
MEMPELAJARI PENGGUNAAN TUNGKU LIMBAH KAYU SENGON (Parasaerianthes falcataria) UNTUK PENGERINGAN PAPANNYA Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 4 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.4.158-162

Abstract

The  sengon wood waste fired stove was installed, to supily energy into certain length of circulating duct of the dryirlg chamber. The utilization of wet slabs  (moisture content  163.3  percent) in a wood stove produced drying air tempe- rature in the chamber at  30ᵒC.  When  jointing board waste  (moisture content  12.16  percent) was used to fire the stoue the drying temperature  of  70°.C was  achiued.The efficiency  of the wood waste fired  stoue was 39.46 percent, calculated on the basis of the energy produced by sengon wood waste burned, and the energy consumed by the drying  wood i.e 3.641 and 1.397 GJ.
PENGARUH LAJU AIR UMPAN DAN UDARA PADA GASIFIKASI FLUIDIZED BED LIMBAH KAYU KAMPER (DRYOBALANOPS SPP) Tjutju Nurhayati; Hartoyo Hartoyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 1 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1992.10.1.24 - 28

Abstract

This research studied  the  fluizided bed gasification  process of wood  waste that could produce  highly yield  and good quality   of fuel gas.The processing  treatments  were conducted at 3 levels of  wood  feed flow  rate i.e 3. 6., 3.8 and 4.2  kgs/hour and 5 leveis  of air flow rate i.e  4.4,  4.7, 5.0,5.4 and 6.5  m3/hour.The  result  revaled that highest  caloriffic  value of produced gas was 7.106  MJ/m3   which  resulted  from  wood  feed and air  flow  rate  3. 6 kg/hour  and  4. 4  m3 /hour, respectively.  The product   gas composition  of  this  rate  was H2  = 5. 62 .CH = 3.99; CO=  11.77; C2H4 = 4.34;  C2H6 = 0.21; N2 = 57.69; 02 = 0.40 and C02 = 15. 71 (in  %  volume)The highest  total  energy  of product   gas was 20.36  MJ/m3  with fuel gas efficiency 26.16% which  resulted  from  feed and  air flow rote  4.2 kg/hour  and  6.5  m3/hour, respectively.  The product   gas composition at this rate  was H2  = 6.03; CH4  = 3.51;  CO=  12.60;  C2H4  = 2.46; C2H6  = 0.16; N2  = 57.23;  02  = 0.45  and C02   = 17.58,  while  the fluidued   bed gasification process  was held at 97oᵒC.
PEMBUATAN ARANG 4 JENIS BAMBU DENGAN CARA TIMBUN Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 8 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.6.8.500 - 503

Abstract

A study on  charcoal  manufacture  using  pit   method was  carried out 4 bamboo   species from West Java, namely andong (Gigantochloa verticillata Munro), ater   (Gigantochloa ater  Kurz), bitung (Dendrocalamus asper Back) and tali (Giganiochloa apus  Kurz). The  charcoal produced  which  was  completed   after 2 days,  were  then  subjected   to chemical analysis. The analysis consist of specific gravity, moisture content, ash, volatile  matter  and  fixed   carbon.  In addition to the aboue test, the charcoal of each species were tested  in blacksmith   which  manufacture  chopping knife.The  result  shows that out of the 4 bamboo  species tested,  ater seems to  be the  best  with  regard to  charcoal yield, chemical  properties  and application in blacksmith  work.
UJI COBA PENGGUNAAN GAS PANAS DARI TUNGKU GASIFIKASI KA YU KARET UNTUK PENGERINGAN BUI COKLAT Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 12, No 5 (1994): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1994.12.5.164-168

Abstract

 Hot gas of rubber wood burning on wood gasifier-combustor with capacity 3 mBTU used for cacao seed  drying at temperature ranged from 68 to 74° C. The moisture content of cacao seed prior to drying was varied from 141.93 to 7.14 %.The trial results revealed that the average of hot gas flow rate was 118.47m3/hour, rubber wood consumed  was 0.33 kg per kg dry cacao seed or 1.03 kg per wet cacao seed, with the moisture content of rubber wood ranged from 11.64 to 14.34 %. The flow rate of drying was 134.63 dry cacao seed per hour and the efficiency of hot gas conversion was 54%. The energy of hot gas consumption was 2.79 MJ per kg cacao seed and the productivity was 94. 67 KJ per kg cacao seed per hour. 
PEMBUATAN ARANG KAYU KARET (Hevea brasilliensis) PADA TUNGKU KUBAH MODEL S-93 Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 1 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.1.37-44

Abstract

Dome kiln of S-93 model with 1.40 m3 capacity was built for charcoal production of rubber wood (Hevea brasilliensis). Two clones of rubber wood used as raw materials were AVROS 2037 and GT-Twhich were 15 and 25 years old, respectively.Charcoal yield, conversion efficiency from wood 10 charcoal, rate of production and quality between AVROS and GT-T were not significant. the percentage of yield was 26.9 % , efficiency was 39.2 % and rate of production was 1.6 kg/hour. the quality of charcoal showed that volatile melter content was 17.43 %, fixed carbon 78.64 %, ash content 3.92 % and catoriffic value 6582 kcal/kg.
EFISIENSI ENERGI KAYU PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN PAPAN (Waod energy efficiency on timber drying) Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 6 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.6.228-231

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to study the efficiency wood utilization as an energy source on timber drying. The research was conducted at big and medium scale industries of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) wood working which used steam boiler and air duct-fired stove, respectively and at small industry of ramin (Gonisthyllus bancanus) wood working which usedhot water-fired stove.The result indicated that the highest wood/waste energy efficiency obtained was 53 % from big, scale sengon industry which used slabs and trimmings waste as energy source and the lowest one was 14.20% from medium sengon industry.
GAS BIO DARI HASIL FERMENTASI ECENG GONDOK DUA FASE DAN KAYU LAMTORO SEBAGAI DAHAN BAKAR UNTUK MEMASAK Tjutju Nurhayati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 12, No 1 (1994): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1994.12.1.1-4

Abstract

Riogas of 2-phase water hyacinth fermentation  and lamtoro wood of 4 years old were used as fuel for  cooking by the family.  The value of nutrition requirement was  10,353 calories  made of rice, meat,  fermented  soyabean,  etc. consumed by 5 persons in the family.The  study revealed that bio gas consumptian  was 1.281 1.  with the caloriffic  value of  4,569 Kcal/m3  and methane  content of 46.78%. This bio gas energy  was  5.85 Mcal for  181 minutes of cooking period.  This bio  gas consumption can be fulfilled  by using  33.14 kg fresh Water hyacinth per day in 300 1 volume reactor and 4.3% dry Water.Lamtoro  consumption  Was  4, 243 g for  159  minutes of cooking period with the  caloriffic  vatue of  4,299 Kca/kg and moisture  content of 14.50%. This lamtoro enetgy  was   18.24 Meal per day per family.  The total weight of wood cutting was   164. 80 kg with the moisture content ranged from  44. 74 to 63.33  %.  This  amount  will  be  enough for  cooking for  3 4 days  when converted  to 14.50 % maisture  content.
KEMUNGKINAN PEMANFAATAN ARANG AKTIF KULIT KAYU Acacia mangium Willd UNTUK PEMURNIAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT Gustan Pari; Tjutju Nurhayati; Hartoyo Hartoyo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 18, No 1 (2000): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2000.18.1.40-53

Abstract

Dalam tulisan ini akan dikemukakan hasil penelitian tentang pembuatan arang aktif dari kulit kayu Acacia mangium Willd. dengan cara aktivasi uap kimia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas arang aktif dari kulit kayu Acacia mangium dengan pemakaian bahan pengaktif NH4HCO3 dosis rendah untuk penjemihan minyak kelapa sawit.Sebelum dibuat arang aktif, terlebih dahulu bahan baku dibuat arang pada suhu 500ºC selama 5 jam di dalam retor, selanjutnya arang yang dihasilkan dibuat arang aktif yang dilakukan dalam retor yang terbuat dari baja tahan karat dengan alat pemanas listrik pada suhu 900ºC. Apabila telah mencapai suhu tersebut dilakukan proses aktivasi dengan mengalirkan uap larutan NH4HCO3 selama 60 menit pada taraf konsentrasi 0,0; 0,25; 0,50 dan 0, 75%. Arang aktif yang dihasilkan di uji cobakan untuk menjemihkan minyak kelapa sawit dengan dosis masing-masing 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 dan 4,0 %.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas arang aktif kulit kayu Acacia mangium yang terbaik adalah arang aktif yang dibuat pada konsentrasi 0,25 % yang menghasilkan rendemen 29,34%, kadar air 14,49%, kadar abu 14,33%, kadar zat terbang 18,32%, kadar karbon 67,35%, daya serap terhadap benzena 23,37%, metilin biru 136,10 mg/g dan daya serap terhadap yodium sebesar 866,23%.Kualitas minyak goreng setelah dimurnikan dengan arang aktif yang dibuat pada konsentrasi NH4HCO3 0,25% menjadi lebih baik yang ditunjukkan dengan berkurangnya kandungan asam lemak bebas menjadi 0,12%, bilangan peroksida 0,47 mg/100g, bilangan iod 10,31 g/100g, kadar zat menguap 0,12% dan kadar kotoran 1,73%.
ISOLASI DAN SIFAT LIGNIN DARI LARUTAN SISA PEMASAK PABRIK PULP (Isolation and properties of lignin from black liquor of pulp industry) Tjutju Nurhayati; Ridwan Ahmad Pasaribu
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 3 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.3.110-116

Abstract

the study is aimed to find the isolation techniques and properties al lignin component of black Liquors from pulp industry.The samples were taken from Basuki Rahmat pulp industry, namely black liquor of sulfate pulping from evaporator (with pH 13. 52) and from digester (pH 10.58), and from Basuki Teguh, namely neutral sulfite semi chemical pulping (pH 6.85). The isolation was conducted by using two kinds of acid i.e. sulphuric acid 2 N and chloric 2 N each at pH 3. and pH 5.The result revealed that the yield and quality of lignin isolated at pH 2 was higher than other pH levels. At this pH level, the lignin produced from sulfate pulping black liquor of exporator was 21.04%, and from digester was 7.47 %, and of neutral sulfide semi chemical pulping was 0.57%. the lignin properties of each black liquor were as the following : pure lignin content was 70.41 %, 72. 55 % and 68. 29 % , respectively ; methoxyl content was 5. 62 %, 11.17 % and 8. 95 % respectively, and particle surface area was 33.87 m3/g, 29.81 m2/g and 28.03 m2/g, respectively,Different from other lignin properties, highest acidity and water absorption capacity of lignin was produced by one which was isolated by chloric acid at pH level 5. the water absorption capacity and lignin acidity of sulfate pulping black liquor of evaporator was 122.45% and pH 6; and of digester was 119. 17 % and pH 6.03; and of neutral sulfide semi chemical pulping was 116.60 % and pH 5.53.
Co-Authors Dadan Dadan Dida Mulyadi Gusmailina Gusmailina Gustan Pari Hartoyo Hartoyo Hery Widijanto M Syahri Mahpudin Mahpudin Ridwan Ahmad Pasaribu Saepuloh Saepuloh Sri Komarayati Suprapto Suprapto Sylviani Sylviani Wesman Endom