Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 30 Documents
Search

Desain dan Kinerja Sistem Pneumatik untuk Penabur Pupuk Tanaman Sawit Muda Muqroob Tajalli; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2420.86 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.2.%p

Abstract

AbstractCurrent Mechanical fertilizer applicators using centrifugal spreading system could not be applied to young palm oil trees (under 5 years old) and hence needed to be modified. The research was to design a fertilizer spreading system, using a pneumatic system. The design used a positive type pneumatic pressure to blow the granular fertilizer out of the metering device to the soil surface around the tree. The metering device was designed to deliver the fertilizer in several application rates, i.e.: 0.25, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 kg/tree. Based on pressure drop analysis the pneumatic system needed a power of 0.71 kW, where the blower should be rotated at 3000 rpm to produce an air flow of ± 0.3375 m3/s. A This prototipe spreader was tested in the field at 0.55 and 1.7 m/s forward speed one at a time. Test results showed that the spreader could deliver the fertilizer to the targetted area around the palm oil trees with an accurate application rate. However, the distribution of the fertilizer was relatively low at a range of coefficient of variance of 0.47-0.77.AbstrakMesin pemupuk yang menggunakan mekanisme gaya sentrifugal, perlu dimodifikasi, karena tidak dapat diaplikasikan untuk memupuk tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (di bawah 5 tahun). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan merancang sistem penabur pupuk, menggunakan sistem pneumatik, dimana Penjatah pupuk didesain untuk menghembuskan pupuk pada beberapa dosis pemupukan, yaitu: 0.25, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 dan 1.5 kg/tanaman. Berdasarkan analisis kehilangan tekanan, sistem pneumatik ini membutuhkan daya 0.71 kW pada putaran blower 3000 rpm yang menghasilkan aliran udara sebesar ±0.3375 m3/s.Prototipe penabur pupuk ini telah diuji di lapang pada kecepatan maju 0.55 m/s dan 1.7 m/s. Hasil pengujianmenunjukkan bahwa penabur pupuk ini dapat menghembuskan pupuk ke sasaran di sekitar tanamankelapa sawit dengan laju pemupukan yang akurat. Namun, sebaran pupuk relatif rendah dengan koefisien ragam antara 0.47 - 0.77.
Desain dan Pengujian Prototipe Sistem Kontrol Mesin Sprayer Dosis Variabel untuk Aplikasi Penyemprotan Pertanian Presisi Muhammad Rizal; I Dewa Made Subrata; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1992.054 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.2.%p

Abstract

AbstractPresently. Rise of crop production often face major obstacle, such as plant disease and pests.Crop losses can occur when plant disease and pests are not treated properly. However, excessive use of chemical pesticide cause environmental damage.The objective of present study was to develop and evaluate control system of variable rate sprayer and its performance for precision farming. The methods consist of some sequential steps i.e. measuring disease and pest intensity and determine its respective dose then input itin microcontroller grid sequence; controlling several sprayer components, i.e. pump motor, solenoid valve, and proximity sensor for plant detection; and conducting performance test of sprayer prototype based on microcontroller data input. The results showed that in order to obtain appropriate flow rate correspond to disease and pest intensity, a PWM (pulse width modulation) ranged of 100-250, 217-592 rpm of motor speed, 2-10 sec/plant of spray duration, and 4-11 ml/s of flow rate, were used. The field test with data input, i.e. 120 plants, with 8.1% and 15.5% of disease intensity, 10 and 8.3 ml/sec/row (10m/row), and 20 and 60 sec/plant of spray duration; generated average actual results with 10.2 and 7.8 ml/sec/row of flow rate and 23.2 and 64.3 sec/plant of spray duration. The field test also indicates 91% of precision time of application.AbstrakPeningkatan produksi tanaman seringkali dihadapkan adanya gangguan hama dan penyakit. Kerugian besar bahkan kegagalan panen dapat terjadi bila gangguan tersebut tidak diatasi dengan baik. Penggunaan pestisida yang berlebihan membahayakan lingkungan dan kehidupan manusia akibat zat kimia yang terdapat pada pestisida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang, pabrikasi dan menguji kinerja prototipe sistem kontrol mesin sprayer dosis variabel untuk aplikasi penyemprotan pertanian presisi. Metode pengujian yang digunakan yaitu input intensitas serangan hama, dosis semprotan tiap serangan, dan urutan grid pada mikrokontroler, mengontrol komponen sprayer seperti motor pompa, solenoid valve, dan sensor jarak deteksi tanaman,menguji kinerja prototipe mesin sprayer berdasarkan input yang diberikanpada mikrokontroler, dan melakukan penyemprotan secara presisi. Hasil uji laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa untuk mencapai debit semprotan yang sesuai dengan intensitas serangan hama digunakan PWM 100-250, kecepatan motor 217-592 rpm, lama semprotan 2-10 detik/tanaman, dan debit 4-11 ml/detik. Hasil pengujian lapangan pada 120 tanaman dilakukan penyemprotan dengan debit 10 ml/detik setiapblok sepanjang 10 m pada intensitas serangan hama 8.1% diperoleh lama semprotan 20 detik. Sedangkan penyemprotan dengan debit 8.3 ml/detik per blok tanaman yang sama pada intensitas serangan hama 15.5% diperoleh lama semprotan 60 detik. Sehingga hasil pengujian lapang diperoleh lama penyemprotan rata-rata 23.2 detik dengan debit semprotan aktual 10.2 ml/detik dan 64.3 detik untuk debit semprotanaktual 7.8 ml/detik. Perbandingan antara prediksi dan aktual diperoleh akurasi penyemprotan sebesar 91%.
Karakterisasi Arang dan Gas-gas Hasil Pirolisis Limbah Kelapa Sawit Muhammad Raju; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2083.954 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.04.2.%p

Abstract

AbstractEmpty fruit bunch (EFB) and shell of oil palm are potential sources of bioenergy because they contain lignocellulose (cellulose, hemycellulose and lignin) which can be converted to bio-oil (liquid), char, or combustible gases by pyrolysis process. Operating temperature of the pyrolysis process will influence the composition of the liquid, char and gases, as well as its characteristics. The objective of this study is to characterize the pyrolysis product of both empty fruit bunch and shell as affected by the pyrolysis temperature. The experiment was conducted by using a lab scale pyrolysis reactor, specially designed with controlable temperature. The temperature of the pyrolysis process was controled at 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C level, and the product was measured and analysed. The result showed that pyrolysis of shell produced char, liquid and gases at the range of 34.99 - 63.78%, 22.76 - 43.28% and 13.47 - 21.73%, in mass fraction respectively. While pyrolysis of empty fruit bunch produced char, liquid and gases at the range of 30.66 - 64.7%, 16.25 - 29.16% and 18.98 - 44.49%, in mass fraction respectively. Increasing temperature resulted in increasing calorific value of the pyrolysis char from shell and empty fruit bunch in range of 25.64 – 29.60 kJ/g and 24.50 – 27.86 kJ/g, respectively. However, the calorific value of pyrolysis gases was decreasing with the increasing temperature in range of 12.18 kJ/g – 20.05 kJ/g and 11.98 kJ/g – 15.94 kJ/g, respectively. The gas calorific value did not account H2 gas, which might be the cause of the phenomenon. Shell pyrolysis temperature increasing caused the increasing of CO concentration in range 2.86% - 18.42% while the CH4 concentration increased at 400°C level afterwards decreased at higher temperature level in range of 0.89% - 2.84%. The increasing of EFB pyrolysis temperature increased CO dan CH4 concentration in range 3.8% - 15.74% and 0.29% - 0.76%, respectively.AbstrakCangkang dan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan sumber bioenergi yang potensial karena mengandung lignoselulosa (selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin) sehingga dapat dikonversi menjadi cairan, arang atau gas mampu bakar melalui proses pirolisis. Suhu pengoperasian pada proses pirolisis akan mempengaruhi komposisi cairan, arang dan gas serta karakteristik hasil pirolisis tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi produk pirolisis cangkang dan tandan kelapa sawit yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu pirolisis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor pirolisis skala lab, yang didesain khusus agar suhunya dapat dikendalikan. Suhu pirolisis dikendalikan pada level 300°C, 400°C, 500°C dan 600°C, kemudian hasil pirolisis diukur dan dianalisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pirolisis cangkang menghasilkan fraksi massa arang , cairan dan gas dalam rentang 34.99 - 63.78%, 22.76 - 43.28% dan 13.47 - 21.73% secara berturut-turut. Sedangkan pirolisis TKKS menghasilkan fraksi massa arang, cairan dan gas dalam rentang 30.66 – 64.76%, 16.25 – 29.16% dan 18.98 – 44.49% secara berturut-turut. Peningkatan suhu menghasilkan peningkatan nilai kalor arang hasil pirolisis cangkang dan TKKS dengan rentang antara 25.64 – 29.60 kJ/g dan 24.50 – 27.86 kJ/g. Tetapi, nilai kalor gas pirolisis menurun seiring dengan peningkatan suhu pirolisis dengan rentang 12.18 kJ/g – 20.05 kJ/g dan 11.98 kJ/g – 15.94 kJ/g untuk pirolisis cangkang dan TKKS. Nilai kalor gas tidak menghitung gas H2 yang mungkin menyebabkan fenomena tersebut. Peningkatan suhu pirolisis cangkang kelapa sawit mengakibatkan peningkatan konsentrasi gas CO pada rentang 2.8% - 18.42% sementara konsentrasi gas CH4 meningkat pada suhu 400°C namun menurun kembali dengan rentang 0.89% - 2.84%. Peningkatan suhu pirolisis TKKS meningkatkan konsentrasi gas CO dan CH4 pada rentang 3.81% - 15.74% dan 0.29% - 0.76%.
Desain dan Uji Kinerja Fungsional Sistem Penggerak dan Kendali ROVERGARD Moh Fikri Pomalingo; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan; I Dewa Made Subrata
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1999.387 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.05.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractThe high population rate has an impact on increasing of land function change from agricultural land become housing and commercial building. As a result, it is difficult to get land for planting in the urban area. Therefore, this research is aimed to design equipment that can be used for planting in the narrowland using vertical gardening. This paper will report about design and functional testing of drive and control system on ROVERGARD. Drive system is based on water pump with additional gear train and chainsprocket mechanism. Control system use was on open loop type based on timer. The performance test of drive system was focused on electrical energy consumption and rotational speed of the system that was measured by multifunctional mini ammeter and tachometer. The control system was tested during 4 days,to evaluate their performances between set point and actual timing while filling water tank and rotate the system at maximal load condition. Electrical power consumption was 208 W at average rotational speed 2703 rpm. Increasing load caused an increase of energy consumption but made the drive rotation decline. The position control performance had on position error around 50 cm. Consequently, setting time on timer must be adjusted.AbstrakLaju pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi, mengakibatkan tingginya alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi bangunan perumahan dan komersial. Masalah ini mengakibatkan sulitnya mencari lahan pertanian di daerah padat penduduk khususnya perkotaan. Oleh karena itu perlu dirancang sebuah alat yang dapat digunakan untuk bercocok tanam di lahan sempit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendesain dan menguji sistem penggerak dan kendali pada ROVERGARD. Sistem penggerak berasal dari pompa air yang dimodifikasi. Sedangkan sistem kendali menggunakan tipe open loop berbasis waktu dimana timer sebagai komponen utamanya. Pengujian kinerja penggerak difokuskan pada konsumsi listrik dan rpmyang diukur menggunakan multifunctional mini ammeter dan tachometer. Sistem kendali diuji selama 4 hari. Hasil pengujian kinerja penggerak menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi pengisian penampung dan beban maksimal. Daya listrik yang dihasilkan adalah 208 W dimana putaran penggerak adalah 2703 rpm.Penambahan beban pada pot berbanding lurus dengan konsumsi listrik yang dihasilkan, namun berbandingterbalik dengan putaran penggerak. Sementara itu, kinerja sistem kendali belum maksimal, karena masihterdapat kesalahan posisi yang mencapai 50 cm, karenanya pengaturan waktu pada timer harus diperbaiki
Kinerja Traksi Roda Ramping Bersirip pada Berbagai Kombinasi Jumlah dan Sudut Sirip di Tanah Sawah Berlumpur Ubaidillah .; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1937.166 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.05.1.%p

Abstract

AbstractThe lugged wheel as tractive tools in Indonesian agriculture mainly used for land preparation, i.e. hand tractor operations. There are basic needs to develop narrow lugged wheel designed for post-planting application that has ability for inter-row paddy field operation. The aim of present study was to determine tractive performance of narrow lugged wheel. The tested wheel has 85.5 cm of outer diameter and 14 ×8 cm of lug dimension, with three combinations of each lug spacing and lug angle. The experiment was conducted on an actual paddy field and some tractive performances were determined. The results indicate that tractive power output reached a peak at about 12 – 30 % of wheel slip, depending on the lug angle and lug spacing. The lugged wheel with 30o lug angle and 30o lug spacing showed higher tractive powercompared to other combinations. The tractive power output and tractive efficiencies of narrow lugged wheel were lower than that of the conventional wheel. The average wheel slip at the peak tractive efficiency was ranged 13 – 23 %, depending on the lug angle and lug spacing. Based on the performance, the narrow lugged wheel with 30o lug angle and 30o lug spacing is recommended for further development of narrow lugged wheel.AbstrakRoda besi bersirip sebagai komponen penghasil traksi pada pertanian di Indonesia utamanya digunakan pada kegiatan penyiapan lahan. Muncul kebutuhan mendasar untuk mengembangkan roda besi bersirip ramping yang dirancang untuk diaplikasikan pada kegiatan pasca-tanam yang memiliki kemampuan beroperasi di sela alur tanaman padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan performansi traksi dariroda bersirip ramping untuk beroperasi di sela alur tanaman padi. Roda berdiameter luar 85.5 cm dan berdimensi sirip 14×8 cm, dengan tiga kombinasi pada masing-masing jarak antar sirip dan sudut sirip. Penelitian dilakukan secara aktual di lahan berlumpur dengan beberapa parameter performasi traksi yangdiamati. Hasil pengujian mengindikasikan daya tarik maksimum diperoleh pada rentang slip roda 12 – 30 %, bergantung sudut dan jarak sirip yang digunakan. Roda bersirip dengan sudut sirip 30o dan jarak antar sirip 30o menunjukkan tenaga tarik lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kombinasi lainnya. Daya tarik dan effisiensi traksi dari roda bersirip ramping lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan roda sangkar konvensional. Nilai rataan slip roda pada effisiensi traksi maksimum berkisar pada 13 – 23 %, bergantung sudut dan jarak sirip yang digunakan. Berdasarkan parameter performansi traksi, roda bersirip ramping dengan sudut sirip 30o dan jarak antar sirip 30o direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan lanjutan dari roda bersirip ramping.
Penalaan PID Menggunakan Internal Model Controller dengan Pendekatan Model Tustin Abdul Azis; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan; Wawan Hermawan; Tineke Mandang
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (869.631 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.1.45-52

Abstract

AbstrackPID control is a popular controlling technique in high accuracy control system. PID tuning is a very important stage and affects the reliability of the PID control system. This stage plays a role in determining KP,KI, and KD constants. Currently it has been a lot of PID tuning techniques that have been developed from the Ziegler-Nichols methods. PID Tuning using Internal Model Controller (IMC) by Tustin discrete approached models was used in this study. Open-loop method was used with two variation value of PWM (20% and 80%). The purposes of this study were to determine the PID constants and test those performances using a DC motor. The result of PID tuning process generated two pairs of KP, KI, and KD constants. The first were 0.4013; 0.0988; 0.0176, and the second were 0.2314; 0.0531; 0.044, respectively. The testing results with DC motor showed the performance of the both pairs of PID constants obtained were reliable enough to control motor speed that was characterized by the ability to follow the set-point value that was given and there was no steady state error. There was oscillation at 1500 rpm and 2000 rpm and motor power couldn’t achieve the set-point at 2000 rpm.AbstrakKontrol PID merupakan salah satu teknik pengontrolan yang populer untuk pengontrolan sistem dengan ketelitian tinggi. Terdapat satu tahapan yang sangat penting dan mempengaruhi kehandalan dari sistemkontrol PID yang dihasilkan. Tahapan tersebut adalah penalaan (tuning) PID. Tahapan ini menjadi penting karena berperan dalam penentuan konstanta PID (KP, KI, dan KD). Saat ini telah banyak teknik penalaanPID yang telah dikembangkan dari teknik Ziegler-Nichols. Penalaan PID dengan teknik Internal Model Controller (IMC) melalui pendekatan model discrete Tustin digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Metode openloopdengan teknik pengontrolan PWM dipakai dengan dua variasi nilai PWM yaitu 20% dan 80%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan konstanta PID dan menguji performanya dengan motor DC. Dari proses penalaan PID yang dilakukan, diperoleh dua pasang konstanta KP, KI, dan KD. Konstanta pertama masingmasing sebesar 0.4013; 0.0988; dan 0.0176, dan pasangan kedua masing-masing sebesar 0.2314; 0.0531; dan 0.044. Hasil pengujian dengan motor DC memperlihatkan performa konstanta PID yang diperoleh cukup handal dalam mengontrol kecepatan motor yang ditandai oleh kemampuan motor dalam mengikuti nilai set-point yang diberikan dan tidak terjadi steady state error. Akan tetapi terjadi osilasi pada set-point 1500 rpm dan 2000 rpm dan kekuatan motor tidak dapat mencapai set-point 2000 rpm.
Kajian Efek Medan Elektromagnet terhadap Karakteristik Semburan Bahan Bakar Solar, Biodiesel dan Campuran Keduanya Tatun Hayatun Nufus; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1282.811 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.1.99-106

Abstract

AbstractResearch on optimization of diesel engine fuel have been conducted, among other, by utilizing the electromagnetic field. To prove that by using the electromagnetic field of the combustion process to be optimal among them is to analyze the character of atomization. The purpose of this research was to analyzethe effect of fuel magnetization on the fuel spray pattern. Experiments were conducted using several fuel including diesel fuel, mixtures of diesel fuel and biodiesel of 10%, 40%, 70%, and biodiesel. Before the spraying test, the fuel was exposed to strong electromagnetic field with variation of wound coil 5000-9000 winding (876-1300 Gauss) for 5 minutes. The spraying test used an injector tester at a pressure of 14.7 Mpa. The spray was observed using a high-speed camera. It was appeared that the larger magnetic field applied to the fuel caused the viscosity to fall in the range of 5-15%, increasing the angle of the sprays or widespread area of the bursts in the range of 3.5-12%, and the particle size of the bursts becomes smaller by 0.2916-0.975 nm. This information is considered to be useful for further research in order to resolutely clarify the phenomenon of efficient combustion process of fuel after exposure to magnetic field.AbstrakBerbagai penelitian tentang pengoptimalisasian bahan bakar motor diesel telah banyak dilakukan, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan medan elektromagnet. Untuk membuktikan bahwa dengan menggunakan medan elektromagnet proses pembakaran menjadi optimal diantaranya adalah dengan menganalisis karakter semburan bahan bakar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek magnetisasi bahan bakar terhadap pola semburan bahan bakar. Bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah solar, B10, B40, B70, dan biodiesel. Bahan bakar yang dicoba diberi paparan kuat medan elektromagnet dengan variasi jumlah lilitan kawat 5000-9000 lilitan 836.45 - 1353 Gauss selama 5 menit (300 detik) dan dilanjutkandengan proses penyemprotan melalui alat injector tester pada tekanan 14.7 Mpa. Hasilnya diamati dengan kamera kecepatan tinggi. Tampak bahwa makin besar medan magnet yang diberikan pada bahan bakarmenyebabkan viskositas turun pada kisaran 5-15%, meningkatkan sudut semburan atau luas daerah semburan menjadi lebih besar berkisar 3.5-12%, dan ukuran partikel semburan menjadi lebih kecil sebesar0.2916-0.975 nm. Informasi ini berguna untuk penelitian lebih lanjut agar secara jelas dapat mengklarifikasi fenomena magnetisasi bahan bakar terhadap proses pembakaran yang efisien.
Pengembangan Prototipe Dan Pengujian Traktor Satu Roda Untuk Pemeliharaan Tanaman Padi Jusran Jusran; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan; I Dewa Made Subrata
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1495.867 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.07.2.147-154

Abstract

Most of paddy fields in Indonesia are not consolidated, therefore, soil hardpan usually did not exist.  With no soil hardpan, mobility of any machine for crop maintenance is very difficult even in some places is almost impossible.Until now crop maintenance such as weeding, spraying and spreading fertilizer was done manually by labor. Then mechanization is required to replace the labour which is not available or very expensive. Hence, this study conducted with objective to make a prototype II of a single wheel tractor  for crop maintenance operated in deep mud field or in an unconsolidated paddy field. The study also did performance test of a single wheel tractor to measure the tractor speed, traction, sinkage, and slip of wheel  when operated in rice plants field. The results of performance test showed that the speed average of wheel with straight lug and curved lug were 1.15km/hour and 0.97 km/hour. The average of sinkage and slip both of wheels with straight lug and curved lug respectively were 24.8 cm, 25.9 cm and 38.7 %, 26.12%. The results of performance test olso showed that the traction average of wheel with straight lug and curved lug respectively were 45.8 kg and 41.5 kg
Desain dan Kinerja Mesin Pemupuk Tipe Auger Bertenaga Traktor Tangan untuk Tanaman Kedelai Diang Sagita; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2318.894 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.187-194

Abstract

AbstractThe prototype of auger type fertilizer applicator powered by hand tractor has been developed. It was constructed for four planting rows of soybean in one pass. The four fertilizer applicator units were rotated by utilizing the tractor wheel axle rotation. The auger of the metering device was divided into 3 sections of auger pitch (15, 20 and 25 mm) due to the applicator could be changed the application rate. Each auger pitch represented application rate about 150 kg/ha (6 g/m), 200 kg/ha (8 g/m) and 250 kg/ha (10 g/m) respectively. The objective of this study was to develop and to conduct performance test of auger type fertilizer applicator for four planting rows of soybean that could be changed the dose. The result of stationary tests shows that the average dose for each pitch were 7.42, 9.58 and 11.60 g/auger rotation respectively at 1800 rpm (18 rpm auger) engine speed and 7.88, 9.53 and 11.49 g/auger rotation resvectively at 2000 rpm (20 rpm auger). The field test showed the result for each auger pitch were 5.91, 8.46 and 10.08 g/m respectively. These results indicated that the applicator was able to allocate fertilizer evenly with high accuracy (the error was less than 8%). The field test showed that effective field capacity was 0.137 ha/hour and efficiency was 73.7%.AbstrakPrototipe unit pemupuk tipe auger bertenaga traktor tangan untuk tanaman kedelai telah berhasil dikembangkan. Prototipe ini dibuat untuk pemupukan empat alur tanam dalam satu lintasan. Empat unit penjatah pupuk digerakkan dengan memanfaatkan putaran dari poros roda traktor. Poros auger dari metering device pupuk dibagi menjadi 3 ukuran jarak pitch yaitu 15, 20 dan 25 mm agar dosis pupuk dapatdiatur. Setiap jarak pitch auger mewakili dosis pemupukan berturut-turut 150 kg/ha (6 g/m), 200 kg/ha (8g/m), and 250 kg/ha (10 g/m). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan dan menguji kinerja dari unit pemupuk kedelai empat alur tanam yang dapat diubah dosis pemupukannya. Hasil pengujian stasioner menunjukkan nilai penjatahan pupuk untuk tiap pitch berturut-turut adalah 7.42, 9.58 and 11.60 g/putaran auger saat pengujian dengan kecepatan putar engine 1800 rpm (18 rpm auger) dan 7.88, 9.53 and 11.49 g/putaran auger saat diuji pada 2000 rpm (20 rpm auger). Sementara pengujian di lahan berturutturut untuk setiap pitch adalah 5.91, 8.46 dan 10.08 g/m. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa unit pemupuktelah mampu menjatah pupuk secara merata dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi (error kurang dari 8%).Kapasitas lapangan efektif mesin mencapai 0.137 ha/jam dan efisiensi lapangan sebesar 73.7%.
Evaluasi Konsep Desain dan Kinerja Ditcher untuk Pembuatan Parit pada Budidaya Kedelai Azmi Asyidda Mushoffa; Wawan Hermawan; Radite Praeko Agus Setiawan
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2433.282 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.2.157-164

Abstract

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the design concept and performance of the ditcher that has been designed for soybean cultivation on saturated soil culture. The design concept evaluation was done by experiment on 3 types of prototype ditcher to determine one of the best ditcher design concept. It was selected by a technique weighted performance method. The performance test on the best ditcher prototype was carried out in a field with silty loam soil at average moisture content 65.4% (dry basis) and 470 kPa average cone index. The last crop in the field was rice. The plastic limit and plasticity index of the soil were 34.05% and 19.80% respectively. Depths of operation considered were 20 cm. Tests were conducted at average forward speeds of 0.51 m/s resulting 28.7% average wheel slip. Theoretical field capacity was 0.74 ha/h. The average width and depth of the ditch that was formed were 32.6 cm and 18.3 cm respectively. The soil disturbance created as a result was also reported.AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi konsep desain dan kinerja ditcher untuk pembuatan parit pada budidaya kedelai jenuh air. Evaluasi konsep desain dilakukan dengan percobaaan pada 3 jenis prototipe ditcher untuk menentukan satu konsep desain ditcher terbaik. Desain terbaik dipilih dengan metode indeks kinerja berbobot. Uji kinerja prototipe ditcher terbaik dilakukan di lahan sawah bekas panen padi dengankelas tekstur tanah liat berdebu, kadar air rata-rata 65.4% (basis kering) dan tahanan penetrasi rata-rata 470 kPa. Batas plastis dan indeks plastisitas tanah masing-masing adalah 34.05% and 19.80%. Kedalaman operasi dipertahankan pada 20 cm. Slip roda traksi rata-rata yang terjadi 28.7% dengan kecepatan maju rata-rata 0.51 m/s. Kapasitas lapangan teoritis diperoleh 0.74 ha/jam. Lebar dan kedalaman parit yangterbentuk adalah 32.6 cm dan 18.3 cm. Parameter tanah terusik sebagai pengaruh operasi ditcher juga dilaporkan di dalam hasil penelitian ini.