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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Biotika: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Journal of Marine Research
Sri Rejeki Rahayuningsih
Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Padjadjaran
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Immunology & microbiology

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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak n-Heksana Daun Mangrove (Rhizospora stylosa Griff) Terhadap Bakteri Patogen Pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Sri Rejeki Rahayuningsih; Siva Siti Patimah; Tri Mayanti; Mia Miranti Rustama
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i1.35657

Abstract

Usaha bidang perikanan sering mendapat kendala karena terjadi penyakit infeksi yang berakibat kematian ikan dan penggunaan antibiotik untuk mengatasi infeksi bakteri pathogen pada bidang perikanan secara terus menerus yang tidak terukur telah menyebabkankan resistansi, dan berakibat menurunnya produktifitas. Diketahui bahwa Mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa) merupakan tumbuhan yang mengandung metabolit sekunder potensial sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi ekstrak (n-heksana) daun mangrove R. stylosa yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio spp dan A.hydrophila. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan dua faktor dan  3 ulangan. Faktor perlakuan pertama adalah jenis bakteri Vibrio spp dan A. hyrdophila dan faktor perlakuan kedua adalah konsentrasi ekstrak 5000ppm,10.000ppm, 15.000 ppm, 20.000 ppm, dan kontrol positif (amoxicillin). Parameter penelitian adalah Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan diameter zona hambat . Data hasil dianalisis dengan ANAVA dan bila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat Perbedaan nyata pengaruh Jenis bakteri dan konsentrasi ekstrak n-heksana daun mangrove terhadap kontrol positif amoxicillin. Ekstrak n-heksana daun R.stylosa lebih menghambat bakteri Vibrio sp.,pada  [5000] katagori kuat dan pada [20000] katagori sangat kuat daripada  A. hydrophila [5000-15000]katagori sedang tetapi pada [20000]katagori kuat dan KHM kedua bakteri vibrio sp dan A. hydrophila terjadi pada [5000]. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana daun R.stylosa berpotensi sebagai antibakteri Vibrio sp. dan A. hydrophila pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus).   Businesses in the fishery sector often encounter problems due to infectious diseases which result in fish death. The continuous and unmeasured use of antibiotics to treat pathogenic bacterial infections in the fisheries sector has caused resistance, and resulted in decreased productivity. Mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa) is a plant that is known to contain potential secondary metabolites as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to obtain a concentration of extract (n-hexane) of mangrove leaves R. stylosa which could inhibit the growth of Vibrio sp. and A. hydrophila bacteria. The study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), with two factor treantments and 3 replications. The first treatment factor was the type of bacteria Vibrio sp and A. hyrdophila and the second treatment factor was the extract concentration of 5000ppm, 10,000ppm, 15,000 ppm, 20,000ppm, and a positive control (amoxicillin). The research parameters were MIC and the diameter of the inhibition zone The result data were analyzed by ANOVA and if they were significantly different, it was continued with Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. The results show there was a significant difference in the effect of the type of bacteria and the concentration of the n-hexane extract of mangrove leaves on the positive control of amoxicillin. The n-hexane extract of leaves inhibited more Vibrio sp. bacteria, at [5000] strong category and at [20000] very strong category than A. hydrophila [5000-15000] medium category, but in [20000] strong category and MIC of both Vibrio sp and A. hydrophila bacteria occurred in [5000].. It can be concluded that the n-hexane extract of  R. stylosa leaves has the potential as an antibacterial for   Vibrio sp. and A. hydrophila in nila fish(Oreochromis niloticus).
UJI KUALITAS UDANG BEKU SECARA BAKTERIOLOGIS DARI UNIT PENGOLAHAN IKAN WILAYAH CIREBON, JAWA BARAT Syaputri, Yolani; Nurkhotimah, Retna; Gunawan, Eko Hendri; Amdhika, Ries; Rahayuningsih, Sri Rejeki; Rossiana, Nia
BIOTIKA Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 21, No 1 (2023): BIOTIKA JUNI 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/biotika.v21i1.41589

Abstract

Udang beku merupakan komoditas penting dari sektor perikanan Indonesia. Nilai ekspor udang beku dari tahun ke tahun selalu mengalami peningkatan khususnya dari Unit Pengolahan Ikan (UPI) Cirebon Jawa Barat. Angka Lempeng Total (ALT) serta bakteri patogen seperti Salmonella spp. dan Escherichia coli merupakan parameter bakteriologis yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator adanya kontaminasi dan kualitas yang kurang baik pada udang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji angka lempeng total serta mendeteksi adanya cemaran bakteri Salmonella spp. dan E.coli pada sampel udang beku. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif eksploratif dengan melakukan penelitian di Laboratorium Stasiun Karantina Ikan Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Cirebon. Berdasarkan standar baku mutu udang beku SNI 2705 : 2020, jumlah angka lempeng total pada udang beku harus dibawah 5.0 x 105 CFU/g serta harus negatif dari bakteri Salmonella spp. dan E. coli. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian keempat sampel udang beku dari UPI wilayah Cirebon Jawa Barat yaitu pada ke empat titik sampel UPI A, B, C, dan D, jumlah angka lempeng total keempat sampel memenuhi syarat standar baku mutu udang beku. Nilai paling tinggi berasal dari UPI C dan yang paling rendah berasal dari UPI D. Hasil analisis bakteri patogen, keempat sampel udang beku negatif bakteri Salmonella spp. dan E. coli.
Efek Sitotoksisitas Dan Genotoksisitas Dari Fraksi-Fraksi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rhizopora stylosa Griff. Terhadap Pembelahan Sel Dan Kromosom Pada Akar Allium cepa L. Rahayuningsih, Sri Rejeki; Mayanti, Tri; Azzahra, Fathia
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 4 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i4.41360

Abstract

Rhizopora stylosa, yang dikenal sebagai bakau merah, merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman bakau yang dapat ditemukan melimpah di Indonesia. Masyarakat secara tradisional memanfaatkan tanaman ini sebagai sumber pewarna dan obat tradisional. R. stylosa juga terbukti mengandung zat bioaktif dan metabolit sekunder yang memiliki nilai penting bagi manusia dan organisme lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji tingkat sitotoksisitas dan genotoksisitas senyawa metabolit sekunder dalam fraksi-fraksi ekstrak etanol R. stylosa terhadap akar dan kromosom tanaman bawang Allium cepa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), melibatkan sebelas fraksi dengan konsentrasi seragam (125 ppm), serta kontrol negatif berupa larutan akuades dan kontrol positif berupa larutan EMS, dengan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diobservasi meliputi indeks mitosis, pertumbuhan akar bawang, dan aberasi kromosom. Hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA Ft(α.05) dan uji lanjutan Duncan Ft (α.05). Hasil pengujian sebelas fraksi dengan konsentrasi 125 ppm menunjukkan penurunan nilai indeks mitosis yang bervariasi, serta terdeteksi adanya aberasi kromosom dengan frekuensi yang beragam. Meskipun demikian, sebelas fraksi tidak menunjukkan sifat subletal maupun letal terhadap indeks mitosis. Jenis aberasi kromosom yang teramati meliputi anaphase spindle break, ball metaphase, break, bridge, c-mitosis, delayed anaphase, diagonal anaphase, disorder of chromosome kinetic, double bridge, double lesion, fragment, giant cell showing polyploidy, laggard, micronucleus, nuclear erosion, nuclear extrusion, ring, star, stickiness, dan vagrant. Rhizopora stylosa (red mangrove) is one species of mangrove that is easily found in large quantities in Indonesia. This plant is widely used traditionally by the community as dyes and herbal medicine. R. stylosa is also known to contain valuable bioactive substances and secondary metabolites for humans and other organisms. This study aims to examine the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of secondary metabolite compounds from fractions of R. stylosa ethanolic leaf extract on the roots and chromosomes of A. cepa onions. The study was conducted using an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the treatment of eleven fractions with one 125 ppm for all fractions, and negative control of distilled water solution and positive control of EMS solution, with 3 repetitions for each treatment. The parameters observed were mitotic index, onion root growth and chromosomal aberration. The observations were analyzed with ANAVA Ft (α.05) and followed by Duncan Ft test (α.05). The results of eleven fractions with a concentration of 125 ppm showed a decrease in the value of various mitotic indices and the discovery of chromosome aberrations with varying frequencies. However, eleven fractions did not show a sub-lethal or lethal effect onf the mitotic index. Among the types of chromosomal aberrations observed were anaphase spindle break, ball metaphase, break, bridge, c-mitosis, delayed anaphase, diagonal anaphase, disorder of chromosome kinetic, double bridge, double lesion, fragment, giant cell showing polyploidy, laggard, micronucleus, nuclear erosion, nuclear extrusion, ring, star, stickiness, and vagrant. 
Antibacterial Activities of Red Mangrove (Rhizophora stylosa Griff.) Leaf Extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 Kalasuba, Karina; Rahayuningsih, Sri Rejeki; Amalia, Eri; Syaputri, Yolani; Doni, Febri; Rustama, Mia Miranti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 3 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.3.661-669

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniaeis a critical pathogen causing severe human diseases, including pneumonia. Combating the growing threat of MDRK. pneumoniae requires innovative approaches, such as exploring plant-derived antibacterial agents. Rhizophora stylosa Griff., a mangrove species with traditional medicinal uses, is recognized for its bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties. However, research on its bioactive constituents remains limited. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of R. stylosa leaf extracts prepared via maceration and liquid-liquid fractionation against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603. Using agar-well diffusion and cell leakage assays, the water fraction demonstrated moderate inhibition of K. pneumoniae, producing an average inhibition zone of 8.24 mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 400 mg/ml. UV-Vis spectrophotometry revealed that the water fraction disrupted protein and nucleic acid synthesis, evidenced by leakage of cellular materials at 260 and 280 nm. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of K. pneumoniae cells treated with the water fraction showed pore formation and structural damage. These results emphasize the antibacterial potential of the water fraction of R. stylosa leaves against MDRK. pneumoniae. Further investigations are necessary to isolate and identify the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects. Moreover, comprehensive assessments of activity and toxicity are crucial to advance R. stylosa-based antibacterial agents as promising alternatives for addressing the challenge of MDR bacterial infections.
Co-Authors Alyssa Meutia Fadiyah Amalia, Eri Amdhika, Ries Anindyta, Annisa Annisa Anindyta Annisa Anindyta Larasati Annisa Annisa Azzahra, Fathia Budi Irawan Eko Hendri Gunawan, Eko Hendri Febri Doni Fidela Histiya Gunawan Joko Kusmoro Kalasuba, Karina Mia Miranti Mia Miranti Rustama Mia Miranti Rustama Mia Miranti Rustama Nabila Maudi Nia Rossiana Nining Ratningsih Nining Ratningsih Nurkhotimah, Retna Ratu Safitri Ratu Safitri Rika Pura Berliyani Siva Siti Patimah Syaputri, Yolani Tri Mayanti Tri Mayanti Tri Mayanti Tri Mayanti Zahidah Nurulhaq