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Konsumsi dan Kemampuan Cerna Pakan pada Kuskus (Spilocuscus maculatus dan Phalanger spp.) Farida, W. Rosa; Widyastuti, Roi; Sigit, Nuraeni; Khotijah, Lilis
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 2 (2001): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTFeed Consumption and Digestibility Capacity on Cuscuses (Spilocuscus maculatus and Phalanger spp.). The research was conducted to know feed consumption and digestibility capacity on cuscuses in the Small Mammal Captivity on Zoology Division, Research and Developmment Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor. The research material used were five cuscuses, each of them placed in individual cage. Species of cuscuses are Spilocuscus maculatus (two heads), Phalanger orientalis (one), P. gymnotis (one), and P. ornatus (one). The feedstuff is given in fresh form, consists of fruit, leaves, and extra feed. The fruit consists of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), banana (Musa paradisiaca), guava (Psidium guajava), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and sweet corn (Zea mays). Leaves were kemang (Mangifera caesia), pohpohan (Pilea trinervia), and kangkung (Ipomea aquatica), and sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas); while extra feed consists of bread and dog food. The result showed that the average of dry matter intake on cuscuses was 37.83 ? 6.94 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day, while those on S. maculatus was 38.04 ? 6.25 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day and on Phalanger spp. was 37.68 ? 7.57 g DM/kg BW0.75/day. The digestible coefficient of nutrient on cuscuses was 86.72% dry matter (DM), 66.86% ash, 69.86% crude protein, 95.51% ether extract, 73.58% crude fiber, and 92.09% nitrogen free extract. Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) on cuscuses was 93.96 ? 3.22% and Digestible energy (DE) was 3.71 ? 0.39 kkal/g DM.Key words : Consumption, digestibility, Spilocuscus maculates, Phalanger spp., captivity

KONSUMSI DAN KEMAMPUAN CERNA PAKAN PADA KUSKUS (SPILOCUSCUS MACULATUS DAN PHALANGER SPP.) Farida, W. Rosa; Widyastuti, Roi; Sigit, Nuraeni; Khotijah, Lilis
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 3, No 2 (2001): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v3i2.3482

ABSTRACTFeed Consumption and Digestibility Capacity on Cuscuses (Spilocuscus maculatus and Phalanger spp.). The research was conducted to know feed consumption and digestibility capacity on cuscuses in the Small Mammal Captivity on Zoology Division, Research and Developmment Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor. The research material used were five cuscuses, each of them placed in individual cage. Species of cuscuses are Spilocuscus maculatus (two heads), Phalanger orientalis (one), P. gymnotis (one), and P. ornatus (one). The feedstuff is given in fresh form, consists of fruit, leaves, and extra feed. The fruit consists of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), banana (Musa paradisiaca), guava (Psidium guajava), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and sweet corn (Zea mays). Leaves were kemang (Mangifera caesia), pohpohan (Pilea trinervia), and kangkung (Ipomea aquatica), and sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas); while extra feed consists of bread and dog food. The result showed that the average of dry matter intake on cuscuses was 37.83 ? 6.94 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day, while those on S. maculatus was 38.04 ? 6.25 g DM/kg BW0.75/head/day and on Phalanger spp. was 37.68 ? 7.57 g DM/kg BW0.75/day. The digestible coefficient of nutrient on cuscuses was 86.72% dry matter (DM), 66.86% ash, 69.86% crude protein, 95.51% ether extract, 73.58% crude fiber, and 92.09% nitrogen free extract. Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) on cuscuses was 93.96 ? 3.22% and Digestible energy (DE) was 3.71 ? 0.39 kkal/g DM.Key words : Consumption, digestibility, Spilocuscus maculates, Phalanger spp., captivity

Blood Malondialdehyde, Reproductive, and Lactation Performances of Ewes Fed High PUFA Rations Supplemented with Different Antioxidant Sources Dilla Mareistia Fassah; Lilis Khotijah; Afton Atabany; Ridha Rianti Mahyardiani; Ridha Puspadini; Afi Yulian Putra
Media Peternakan Vol. 38 No. 1 (2015): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of vitamin E (vit E) and black tea extract (BTE) as antioxidant sources in high poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) rations on blood malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and the performance of reproduction and lactation of Garut ewes. Twelve ewes on late pregnancy periods were divided into completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments were control: basal diet without antioxidant, vit E: basal diet supplemented with vit E, and BTE: basal diet supplemented with BTE. The results showed that vit E and BTE supplementation did not affect blood MDA concentration of ewes on late pregnancy, lactation periods, and weaning periods. Antioxidant sources supplementation had no effect on ewe’s nutrient intake, pre-lambing live weight change (LWC), and post-lambing average daily gain (ADG). Vit E supplementation had decreased the milk production, but both of antioxidant sources give positive effect on the milk composition. Nevertheless, the supplementation of vit E and BTE increased the twin type of birth. The vit E supplementation resulted higher lambing rate than BTE, although it had the highest mortality rate of twin lamb. BTE also had better lamb weaning weight than vit E. BTE and vit E gave similar results in ewes productivity on lactation period. In conclusion, this study confirmed that BTE was more effective used as antioxidant source than vit E to prevent the oxidative reaction of PUFA. Vit E supplementation on high PUFA ration reduced ewes milk production but it had similar reproduction performance with BTE.Key words: antioxidant, black tea extract, ewes, lactation, reproduction, vitamin E

Fermentation Characteristics and Nitrogen Retention of Madura Cattle Fed Complete Rations Containing Soybean Pod and By-Products Komang Gede Wiryawan; Arief Saefudin; Asnath Maria Fuah; Rudi Priyanto; Lilis Khotijah; Sri Suharti
Media Peternakan Vol. 40 No. 1 (2017): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of complete rations containing soybean pod and soybean by-products (soybean meal and tofu waste) on rumen microbial population, fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen retention of Madura cattle. Twelve Madura cattle of 1.5 years of age were given 4 feeding treatments in triplicates in randomized block design experiment. The treatments included T0 (100% native grass) as a negative control, T1 (concentrate: grass (60:40) as a positive control, T2 (complete ration containing 15% soybean pods), and T3 (complete ration containing 30% soybean pods). The treatments were based on feeding practices commonly applied by farmers in the village. The results showed that the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-product did not affect protozoa population, ammonia concentration, and total VFA production compared to cattle fed 100% native grass. In contrast, the use of concentrate rations or complete rations containing soybean pod and by-products reduced acetate and increased butyrate proportion compared to native grass. The use of a concentrate ration resulted the highest propionate proportion. Methane estimation increased with the use of concentrate ration or complete ration containing 15% soybean pod, but it decreased when the level of soybean pod was increased to 30%. It can be concluded that soybean pod has a potential to be used as a fiber source in beef cattle ration to substitute native grass.

Hematologi Anak Domba Garut Prasapih yang Diberi Milk Replacer Terformulasi Minyak Ikan Lemuru dan Minyak Canola Fajar Nurani; Asep Sudarman; Lilis Khotijah
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis Vol 6, No 3 (2019): JITRO, September
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemberian milk replacer yang mengandung minyak ikan lemuru dan canola terhadap hematologi anak domba Garut prasapih. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Anak domba prasapih dengan bobot badan berkisar 2,3±0,42 kg dibagi secara acak ke dalam kandang individu dan mendapatkan perlakuan P0 = susu domba yang berasal dari susu induk domba, P1 = milk replacer terformulasi susu sapi + kuning telur + minyak ikan + premix, dan P2 = milk replacer terformulasi susu sapi + kuning telur + minyak ikan + minyak canola + premix. Parameter yang diamati adalah hematologi yang terdiri atas kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit dan leukosit. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa milk replacer yang diformulasi minyak ikan lemuru, dan atau minyak canola tidak berbeda terhadap hematologi anak domba prasapih dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah minyak ikan lemuru dan atau minyak canola sebagai sumber lemak dapat digunakan dalam milk replacer domba tanpa adanya pengaruh negatif terhadap gambaran hematologi anak domba.Kata kunci: anak domba garut prasapih, hematologi, minyak canola, minyak ikan lemuru, milk replacerABSTRACTThe study aimed to evaluate the effect of a milk replacer containing lemuru fish oil and canola oil on hematology of Garut twin lambs before weaning. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and six replicates. The pre-weaning lamb with average 2,3 ± 0,42 kg of body weight, which were randomly divided into individual pen with P0 = milk sourced from mother milk, P1 = milk sourced from milk replacer, cow milk+ lemuru fish oil + yolk + premix, P2 = milk sourced from milk replacer, cow milk + lemuru fish oil+canola oil+yolk+ premix. Measurements were taken on levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, and leukocyte. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results show that the milk replacer containing lemuru fish oil and or canola oil was similar to blood hematology of preweaning lambs compared to control. It was concluded that lemuru fish oil and canola oil can use in milk replacer without any negative effect on the blood hematology.Keywords: canola oil, hematology, lemuru fish oil, milk replacer, pre-wearing garut lam

Effect of Different Ratio Omega-3 and Omega-6 in Total Mix Ration on Productive Performance, Blood Metabolites and Estrous Characteristic of Ewes Yusti Pujiawati; Lilis Khotijah; Asep Sudarman; Indah Wijayanti
Buletin Peternakan Vol 42, No 4 (2018): BULETIN PETERNAKAN VOL. 42 (4) NOVEMBER 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i4.29254

This study was conducted to compare the effect of different ratio of omega-3:omega-6 in total mix ration to blood metabolites and reproductive performance of ewes. A total of 25 young ewes were randomly assigned to five experimental groups and five replications : R0 (without omega-3:omega-6), R1 (omega-3:omega-6 1:8), R2 (omega-3:omega-6 1:6), R3 (omega-3:omega-6 1:3), R4 (omega-3:omega-6 1:2). The parameters measured were feed intake, productive performance, blood glucose and cholesterol pre-mating period. Parameters of characteristic estrous measured were onset of estrous, length of estrous and estrous response. The result showed that ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 have a greatest daily weight gain and feed efficiency. Ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 have blood glucose lowest, but highest blood cholesterol. Addition of omega-3 cause to delays onset of estrous. The conclusion is greatest length of estrous, estrous response and pregnacy rate on ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 1:2 in ration.

Pengimbuhan Vitamin-E dalam Ransum Kaya Asam Lemak Tidak Jenuh Terhadap Profil Darah Induk Domba Laktasi§ (VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION ON RICH POLY-UNSATURATED FATTY ACID RATION TO BLOOD PROFILE OF LACTATION EWES) Dilla Mareistia Fassah; Lilis Khotijah
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 17 No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (109.641 KB)

Sunflower oil is a source of rich poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mainly Linoleic acid. PUFA on theewes ration was very useful due to its function as the precursors of prostaglandin. It plays an importantrole in the health and reproduction regulation. Early lactation was the critical period where the bodymetabolism is on an increasing stage. However, high level of PUFA on ewe’s lactation ration was also verysusceptible to induce lipid peroxidation which can cause health problems in the affected animals. Thesupplementation of vitamin E as antioxidant is needed to prevent the PUFA from oxidation damage. Theaim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation in the rich PUFA diet on theblood profile of lactating ewes. Fifteen ewes on lactation period were used in completely randomizednested design. The level of vitamin E supplementation was 30 IU, 60 IU and 90 IU then the blood profileevaluation was carried out on 28 and 56 days of lactation. The measured variables were haemoglobin,packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocytes, leukocytes, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The number of erythrocytesof ewes was 5.53-9.85 x 106/mm3, the MCV value was 32.19-46.20 fl and the MCH value was 10.91-17.27pg on day-28. The results showed that Vitamin E supplementation has significant effect on the number oferythrocytes (p<0,05), and the high significant effect on MCV as well as MCH values(P<0.01) of lactationewes blood. The Vitamin E supplementation until 90 IU was able to maintain the ewe’s blood profile onthe lactation periods.

Formulasi Susu Pengganti dan Evaluasi Pengaruhnya terhadap Performa Anak Domba Kembar Asep Sudarman; Harun Fatmiati; Lilis Khotijah
Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia Vol 14, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Bengkulu

The purpose of this experiment was to formulate and evaluate milk replacer on the production performance of twin lambs from before weaning to one month after weaning. Three pairs of twin lambs aged two weeks with a body weight of 3.83 ± 0.4 kg were divided into two groups, each consisting of three lambs. The treatments applied were PSI = lamb given mother's milk and PMR = lamb given milk replacer. Pre-weaning dry matter consumption data were analyzed descriptively and other data were analyzed using the T-test. The results showed that the dry matter consumption lambs that were given milk replacers in pre-weaning was 164.18 ± 31.25 g/head/day with the largest proportion coming from milk replacers (61.4%). PSI group lambs had dry matter and energy consumption after weaning, daily gain before and after weaning, and body weight when weaned were significantly higher (P <0.05) than the PMR group lambs. However, the ratio of feed conversion and body weight at 90 days in the two groups of lamb were not significantly different. All lambs were healthy and no one died. It is concluded that formulated milk replacer provides production performance in lambs that are equivalent to lambs fed with mother's milk.

PENGGUNAAN DAUN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta) DENGAN PENGOLAHAN BERBEDA TERHADAP PERFORMA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA JANTAN Okni Winda Artanti; Muhammad Ridla; Lilis Khotijah
JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of fresh, dried or silage cassava leaf to the performances of male Etawa Crossbreed (EC) goats. Fourteen male EC goats (grouping based on body weight with a weight range K1: 19-20 kg; K2: 20-21 kg; K3: 21-22 kg; K4: 22 kg) were allocated in housed individually throughout 90-day trial duration (14 days for animal's adaptation to the experimental diets and 7 days of faeces collection). Experimental design was randomized complete block design consisted of 3 treatments and 4 replications: concentrate + fresh cassava leaf (T0); concentrate + dried cassava leaf (T1); and concentrate + silage cassava leaf (T2). Concentrat was given at level of 50% (3% BW) and forage was given ad libitum respectively for each treatments. Variables observed were feed intake, digestibility, body weight gain, and feed efficiency. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there were significant effect of treatments were continued using Duncan multiple range test. The results of this experiment showed that the processing of cassava leaf increased on dry matter intake, crude protein, total digestible nutrient (TDN), digestibility, body weight gain, and feed efficiency. The conclusions were processing of cassava leaves improved the consumption and digestibility of male EC goats and the treatment of cassava leaf silage had the best feed efficiency. Keywords: Cassava Leaf, Performance, Digestibility, Male Etawa Crossbreed Goat.

Nutrient Intake and Digestibility of Beef Cattle Fed with Ration Containing Soybean Pod Arief Saepudin; Lilis Khotijah; Sri Suharti
Buletin Ilmu Makanan Ternak Vol. 14 No. 1 (2016): Buletin Makanan Ternak
Publisher : Buletin Ilmu Makanan Ternak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (545.169 KB)

Soybean pod are potential as feed sources for beef cattle. They contain 5.5% crude protein, 35.4% crude fiber, acid detergent fiber 51.4%, and 12.9% lignin. The aims of this study was to analyze the optimal level of soybean pod utilization as Madura cattle ration and to asses its effect on intake and digestibility of nutrients. The study used 12 heads Madura cattle and kept in the individual cage for 90 days. The study used randomized complete block design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were T0: grass only (negative control), T1: grass + concentrate with ratio 40:60 (positive control), T2: complete ration of 15% soybean pod, T3: complete ration of 30% soybean pod. Parameter observed were nutrient intake and digestibility. The results showed that the use of soybean pod up to 30% in ration significantly increased (P<0.05) nutrients intake and digestibility compared to the control ration (grass only) and similar with the used of grass + concentrate ration (positive control). In conclusion, soybean pod have potency as feed sources and the use of soybean up to 30% in the complete ration have positive effect on intake and digestibility of nutrients.

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