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All Journal Jurnal Pembangunan Wilayah dan Kota MODUL Journal of Urban Society´s Arts SINEKTIKA: Jurnal Arsitektur Nature: National Academic Journal of Architecture Jurnal Linears Jurnal Arsitektur KOMPOSISI LANGKAU BETANG: JURNAL ARSITEKTUR Jurnal Psikologi Sosial Warta Penelitian Perhubungan Jurnal Arsitektur Pendapa IJEAS (International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies) AGORA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah Arsitektur Usakti SINEKTIKA: Jurnal Arsitektur Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE
Ikaputra Ikaputra
Department of Architecture and Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta
Aerospace Engineering Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Journal : Nature: National Academic Journal of Architecture

 1 
PEMBANGUNAN PERMUKIMAN KOLONIAL BELANDA DI JAWA : SEBUAH TINJAUAN TEORI Wihardyanto, Dimas; Ikaputra, Ikaputra
Nature : National Academic Journal of Architecture Vol 6 No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alauddin State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/nature.v6i2a5

Abstract

Abstrak_Kota-kota di Indonesia yang tumbuh dan berkembang pada masa pendudukan Belanda memiliki pola permukiman yang khas yaitu memiliki pembagian wilayah permukiman berdasar penggolongan etnis. Warga Belanda dan kaum kulit putih sebagai warga kelas satu mendapatkan prioritas untuk menikmati kawasan permukiman yang tertata dan memiliki infrastruktur yang relatif lengkap untuk jamannya. Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) dan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda merupakan pemilik kewenangandari Kerajaan Belanda dalam melakukan pendudukan terhadap Indonesia yang memiliki perbedaan zaman, karakter dan cara pandang. Pada tulisan kali ini akan dibahas perbedaan karakteristik pembangunan permukiman kolonial Belanda pada masa VOC dan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda melalui metode konten analisis. Dari kajian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwasanya terdapat perbedaan pendekatan pembangunan permukiman kolonial Belanda berdasarkan visi dan misi penjajahan dari VOC atau Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda di Indonesia.Pada masa VOC, permukiman dibangun secara mandiri untuk memenuhi aspek keamanan dalam perdagangan, berbeda pada masa Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda yang mulai bekerjasama dengan swasta dan lebih memperhatikan aspek kesehatan dan kenyamanan selain keamanan guna melanggengkan usaha kolonialisasi disemua bidang dalam kehidupan. Selain itu didapatkan pula karakteristik umum yaitu terpisah dari permukiman etnis lain, memiliki teritori atau batas yang jelas, memiliki infrastruktur yang relatif lebih lengkap dan tertata jika dibandingkan dengan permukiman untuk etnis lain, serta berbentuk atau cenderung menggunakan pola grid untuk menata permukiman tersebut.Kata kunci: Pembangunan Permukiman; Karakteristik Permukiman Kolonial; Kajian Literatur; VOC; Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda. Abstract_ Cities in Indonesia that grew and developed during the Dutch occupation had a distinctive pattern of settlements that is the division of settlements based on ethnic classification. Dutch citizens and white people as first-class citizens get priority to enjoy the settlement area that is arranged and has a relatively complete infrastructure for its era. Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) and the Dutch Colonial Government are the owners of the authority of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in occupying Indonesia which has different times, characters and perspectives. This article discusses the different characteristics of the construction of Dutch colonial settlements during the VOC and the Dutch Colonial Government through content analysis methods. From the study conducted it is known that there are differences in the approach of the construction of Dutch colonial settlements based on the vision and mission of the occupation of the VOC or the Dutch Colonial Government in Indonesia. During the VOC, settlements were built independently to meet security aspects in trade, in contrast to the Dutch Colonial Government who began working with the private sector and paid more attention to health and comfort aspects other than security in order to perpetuate colonial efforts in all areas of life. In addition, there are also general characteristics that are separate from other ethnic settlements, have clear territories or borders, have the relatively more complete infrastructure and are organized when compared to settlements for other ethnic groups, and are shaped or tend to use grid patterns to organize these settlements.Keywords : Settlement Development; Characteristics of Colonial Settlements; Literature Review; VOC; Dutch Colonial Government
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK RUANG PADA BANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL KOLONIAL DI KAWASAN BANGIREJO TAMAN YOGYAKARTA Wihardyanto, Dimas; Ikaputra, Ikaputra
Nature : National Academic Journal of Architecture Vol 7 No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alauddin State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/nature.v7i2a7

Abstract

Abstrak_ Bangirejo Taman merupakan salah satu kawasan perumahan untuk para pegawai pemerintahan  kolonial Belanda (amtenar) yang berada di Yogyakarta. Penggunaan kata taman dibelakang Bangirejo pada kawasan perumahan ini untuk memperjelas perbedaan karakteristik kawasan perumahan ini dengan permukiman di sekitarnya dimana kawasan perumahan Bangirejo Taman didesain dengan adanya taman lingkungan di tengah kawasan. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan interpretive historical research untuk mendapatkan karakteristik arsitektur tata ruang yang asli mencakup tata massa, tata ruang, orientasi, sirkulasi, serta hubungan dan hirarki ruang. Karakteristik tersebut didapatkan dengan cara melakukan proses gambar rekonstruksi tata ruang pada perumahan kolonial Bangirejo Taman berdasarkan analisis kesamaan dan perbedaan gambar denah 7 buah rumah tinggal yang dipilih dengan pendekatan snowball sampling. Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwasanya karakteristik tata ruang bangunan rumah tinggal kolonial di Kawasan Bangirejo Taman dirancang terutama untuk memenuhi aspek fungsionalitas. Hal ini tampak dari adanya pemisahan antara bangunan inti (hoofdgebouw), dan bangunan servis (bijgebouw) yang keduanya dihubungkan oleh selasar. Karakteristik tersebut diperkuat dengan pola konfigurasi dan sirkulasi ruang pada bangunan inti dan servis yang tunggal dan sederhana. Selain memenuhi fungsionalitas ruang, perancangan rumah tinggal kolonial di Kawasan Bangirejo Taman juga memperhatikan higienitas ruang dengan meletakkan bangunan inti dan bangunan servis di bagian tengah dari lahan agar mendapatkan sinar matahari yang cukup, dan prinsip cross ventilation dapat diterapkan.Kata kunci : Arsitektur Kolonial; Karakteristik Ruang; Rumah Tinggal Kolonial; Interpretive Historical Research. Abstract_ BangirejoTaman is a residential area for the employees of the Dutch colonial government (Amtenaar) located in Yogyakarta. The use of the word taman (park) behind Bangirejo in this residential area is to clarify the differences in the characteristics of this residential area with the surrounding settlements where the BangirejoTaman residential area is designed with a neighborhood park in the middle of the area. Researchers used an interpretive historical research approach to obtain the characteristics of the original spatial architecture including spatial planning, spatial planning, orientation, circulation, and relationships, and hierarchical space. These characteristics were obtained by carrying out a process of drawing spatial reconstruction in the colonial housing estate BangirejoTaman based on an analysis of the similarities and differences in the drawings of 7 residential planes that were selected using a snowball sampling approach. From the results of the analysis, it is known that the characteristics of the spatial structure of colonial residential buildings in the BangirejoTaman Area are designed primarily to meet the functional aspects. This can be seen from the separation between the core building (hoofdgebouw), and the service building (bijgebouw) which are both connected by a hallway. These characteristics are reinforced by the pattern of configuration and circulation of space in the core building and a single and simple service. In addition to fulfilling spatial functionality, the design of colonial dwellings in the BangirejoTaman Area also pays attention to space hygiene by placing core buildings and service buildings in the middle of the land in order to get enough sunlight, and the principle of cross ventilation can be applied.Keywords:  Colonial Architecture; Spatial Characteristics; Colonial House; Interpretive Historical Research.
Co-Authors Abdul Syukur Adianti, Istiana Amalia, Andi Annisa Anityas Dian Susanti, Anityas Dian Arif Wismadi Cynthia Permata Dewi Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto Dimas Wihardyanto Dwi Ardianta Kurniawan, Dwi Ardianta Dwita Hadi Rahmi Fitri Wulandari Handoko, Jarwa Prasetya Sih Hantari, Anjas Ninda Harmanto, Jan Prabowo Hasrul Hasrul, Hasrul Intan Rahmawati Izzati, Husna Kinanti, Woro Utari Dwi Koentjoro Koentjoro Lazmi, Annisa Nurul Lestari Lestari Listifadah Listifadah Luhur Sapto Pamungkas Nadya, Janne Pisei, Mean Puspitasari, Reni Rahmawat, Yani Ristya Arinta Safitri, Ristya Arinta Salouw, Elvis SETIAWAN Bakti SOEWARNO Nindyo Taufiq Mulyono, Agus Yudhanta, Widi Cahya