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All Journal KESMAS JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK
Wulan P.J. Kaunang
Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Komunitas Fakultas Kedokteran Unsrat
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERILAKU KELUARGA DAN PERAN JURU PEMANTAU JENTIK (JUMANTIK) DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KECAMATAN MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO Mullo, Debora P.; Mantjoro, Eva M.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.
KESMAS Vol 8, No 7 (2019): Volume 8, Nomor 7, NOVEMBER 2019
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah suatu penyakit yang menjadi faktor masalah kesehatan sampai sekarang yang mengakibatkan kematian.. Untuk menurunkan angka kasus kejadian DBD, maka harus diperlukan peran jumantik dalam menerapkan kegiatan upaya pencegahan DBD terhadap perilaku keluarga di Kelurahan Malalayang I. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku keluarga dan peran juru pemantau jentik (Jumantik) dengan kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kelurahan Malalayang I Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian survei analitik kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional study atau potong lintang di Kelurahan Malalayang I Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado pada bulan Juli – Oktober 2019. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat yang tinggal di lingkungan 1 sampai 11 Lingkungan. Jumlah sampel 344 responden  namun yang didapatkan pada saat penelitian 200 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah di uji validitas, lalu hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan uji statisti chi square. Hasil penelitian melalui uji statistik perilaku keluarga mengenai pengetahuan diperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,021 (>0,05) menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian DBD. Sedangkan uji statistic perilaku keluarga mengenai sikap diperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,821 (>0,05) menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara sikap dengan kejadian DBD, dan uji statistic perilaku keluarga mengenai tindakan diperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (<0,05) menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara sikap dengan kejadian DBD. Uji statistik peran Jumantik diperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (<0,05) hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara peran Jumantik dengan kejadian DBD.  Kata Kunci: Perilaku Keluarga, Juru Pemantau Jentik, Demam Berdarah Dengue ABSTRACTDengue Fever (DBD) is a disease that is a factor of health problems until now that resulted in death. To lower the number of cases of DBD events, the role must be required in applying the activities of the DBD prevention efforts to the family behavior in the village Malalayang I. This research aims to know the relationship between family behavior and the role of the criminal flick monitoring with the occurrence of Dengue fever in the village Malalayang I District Malalayang Manado. This study used quantitative analytical survey research with the research draft of cross sectional study or cut latitude in Malalayang I village of Malalayang City of Manado in July – October 2019. The population in this research is a whole community living in an environment of 1 to 11 wards. The sample number of 344 respondents but obtained at the time of research was 200 respondents. This research uses questionnaires that have been in the validity test, and the results are analyzed using the Chi Square statistical test. The results of the study through a statistical test of family behaviour regarding knowledge obtained the value of p value 0.021 (> 0.05) showed that there is no relationship between knowledge and the events of DF. While the test statistic family behaviour about the attitude gained a p value value of 0.821 (> 0.05) indicates that there is no relationship between the attitude with the DF incident, and the test statistic the family behavior of the action obtained a p value of 0.000 (< 0.05) indicates that there is a relationship between attitudes with DF events. The role of flick monitoring statistical test obtained a p value of 0.000 (< 0.05) that results showed that there is a relationship between flick monitoring role and DF event.  Keywords: family conduct, flick monitoring, Dengue fever
HUBUNGAN ANTARA HIPERTENSI DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA LANSIA DI KELURAHAN KOLONGAN KECAMATAN TOMOHON TENGAH KOTA TOMOHON PADA TAHUN 2017 Gonibala, Rika S; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.; Sekeon, Sekplin A.S.
KESMAS Vol 6, No 3 (2017): Volume 6, Nomor 3, Mei 2017
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Kualitas hidup merupakan tingkatan untuk mengukur tingkat kesejahteraan hidup individu yang paling banyak dimana seseorang bisa melihat dalam berbagai konteks seperti tingkat kesejahteraan fisik, materi sosial, dan emosional dalam menjalani kehidupan sosial dan lingkungan. Hipertensi juga penyebab kematian nomor tiga setelah stroke dan tuberculsosis. Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kualitas hidup di kelurahan kolongan kecamatan tomohon tengah kota tomohon. Penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pada penduduk lansia 60 tahun keatas dengan responden yang diambil sebanyak 57 responden berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data primer yang di peroleh melalui kuesioner dan pengukuran tekanan darah serta wawancara. Data yang diperoleh akan di tabulasi proses editing, coding, entry, cleaning dan analisis dengan perhitungan uji statistik menggunakan chi square (α = 0,05) dengan memperhatikan CI= 95%. dengan bantuan program spps melalui komputer untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kualitas hidup pada lansia di kelurahan kolongan kecamatan tomohon tengah kota tomohon p = 0,545 (α = 0,05) Tidak terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dengan kualitas hidup lansia di Kelurahan Kolongan Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah Kota Tomohon.Kata Kunci : hipertensi, kualitas hidup, lansiaABSTRACTQuality of life is a level to measure the level of life welfare of individual life where people can see in various contexts such as physically welfare, social material, emotional in living the social and environmental life. Hypertension is the leading causes of death which it’s the third after stroke and tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to know the correlation between hypertension and the quality of life at kelurahan Kolongan, Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah, city of Tomohon. This study use the analytical survey with the approach of cross sectional method. Populations of this study are the elderly in 60 years old and above and take 57 respondents based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary data that obtained by using the questionnaire and the measurement of blood pressure and also interview. The data that have been obtained will go through the process like tabulated, editing, coding, entry, cleaning and data analysis with the calculation of statistical tests using chi square (α=0,05) with regard to the value of CI= 95%. With the help of the SPSS program using computer to know the correlation between hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly at Kelurahan Kolongan, Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah, city of Tomohon p= 0,054 (α=0,05) . there is no correlation between hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly at Kelurahan Kolongan, Kecamatan Tomohon Tengah, city of Tomohon.Keywords: hypertension, quality of life, elderly
HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI Runturambi, Yobert N.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.; Nelwan, Jeini Ester
KESMAS Vol 8, No 7 (2019): Volume 8, Nomor 7, NOVEMBER 2019
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan sangat serius pada saat ini adalah hipertensi. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2013 di Sulawesi Utara prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 27,1%. Faktor resiko hipertensi salah satunya adalah merokok. Di dunia merokok merupakan masalah kesehatan yang terus meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi pada pasien rawat jalan di Puskesmas Tombatu Kecamatan Tombatu Utara Minahasa Tenggara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan survei observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional atau potong lintang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Tombatu, Kecamatan Tombatu Utara, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Dengan responden penelitian sebanyak 60 responden. Pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan alat ukur tensimeter digital dan kuesioner untuk mengukur kebiasaan merokok responden. Analisis data menggunaka uji Rank Spearman dengan tingkat kesalahan 5% (ɑ=0.05).  Hasil  analisis data menunjukan nilai p=0.038 (p<0.05). Hal ini berarti terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Tombatu, Kecamatn Tombatu Utara Tahun 2019. Kebiasaan merokok dan kejadian hipertensi di Puskesmas Tombatu memiliki hubungan dengan hipertensi terbanyak didapatkan pada penderita hipertensi tingkat I. Diperlukan keseadaran diri dari masyarakat mengenai pengaruh merokok terhadap kesehatan khususnya hipertensi serta melakuikan advokasi pada pemerintah dan instasi terkait mengenai pengaruh rokok terhadap kesehatan. Kata kunci: Merokok, Hipertensi, Tombatu Minahasa Tenggara ABSTRACKA non-communicable disease become a very serious health problem at this time. One of them is High Blood Pressure (Hypertension). According to Baseline Health Research 2013 in North Sulawesi, the prevalence of hypertension is 27,1%. One of the risk factor for hypertension is smoking. Smoking is a health problem faced by people in the world and continues to grow. This research aims to find out the description of smoking habit and hypertension, and to find out the relationship between Smoking and the incidence of Hypertension. This research is using analytical survey method with cross-sectional study design. This research is conducted in Tombatu Health Center, North Tombatu, Southeast Minahasa District, and collecting data from 60 informants as the respondents. Digital sphygmomanometer (tensimeter) is used for this research as a measurement tool to measure blood pressure, and questionnaires used to measure respondents’ smoking habits. The data analysis using Rank Spearman test with an error rate of 5% (ɑ = 0.05), and the results of data analysis showed the value of p = 0.038 (p<0.05). It means that there are a relationship between smoking habits and hypertension in Tombatu Health Center, North Tombatu, in 2019. Smoking habits and the incidence of hypertension in Tombatu Health Center have a relationship, with the most hypertension is found in hypertension patients stage 1. Therefore, self-awareness of the public is needed regarding to the effect of smoking on health, especially hypertension, and advocating the government and related institution due to the effect of smoking on health. Keywords: Smoking, Hypertension, Tombatu Southeast Minahasa 
HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELITUS PADA PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KOTA BITUNG L, Cicilia; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.; Langi, Fima L.F.G.
KESMAS Vol 7, No 5 (2018): Volume 7, Nomor 5, September 2018
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Salah satu penyakit yang tidak menular yang prevalensinya cukup tinggi yaitu penyakit diabetes melitus dan diabetes melitus merupakan penyebab hiperglikemi. Hiperglikemi disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, namun hiperglikemi paling sering disebabkan oleh diabetes melitus. Aktivitas fisik merupakan salah satu dari penyebabnya penyakit diabetes melitus. Aktivitas fisik termasuk dalam salah satu faktor yang dapat dimodifikasi. Aktivitas fisik mengacu pada gerakan tubuh mulai dari yang paling terkecil hingga sampai lari maraton. Aktivitas fisik dibedakan menjadi dua kategori yaitu aktivitas fisik sedang dan aktivitas fisik berat. Aktivitas sedang meliputi bersepeda santai, mengangkat beban ringan, dan bermain tenis. Sedangkan aktivitas fisik berat meliputi mengangkat beban berat, menggali, senam aerobic dan bersepeda cepat. Tujuan peneliti melakukan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian diabetes melitus pada pasien rawat jalan di Poli Interna Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Bitung. Desain penelitian yang digunakan peneliti dalam penelitian ini adalah survei analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study atau studi potong lintang dan populasi yang digunakan adalah semua pasien yang datang berkunjung di Poli Interna Rumah Sakit Daerah Bitung yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi. Sampel yang digunakan peneliti adalah total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian diabetes pada pasien rawat jalan di Poli Interna RSUD Bitung mempunyai hubungan, dengan nilai p value=0,026<0,05 nilai kemaknaan yang telah ditetapkan.  Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik, Diabetes melitus  ABSTRACTOne non-communicable disease that has a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus is the cause of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is caused by several things, but hyperglycemia is most often caused by diabetes mellitus. Physical activity is one of the causes of diabetes mellitus. Physical activity is included in one of the modifiable factors. Physical activity refers to body movements ranging from the smallest to marathon. Physical activity is divided into two categories, namely moderate physical activity and heavy physical activity. Moderate activities include relaxing biking, lifting light weights, and playing tennis. While heavy physical activity includes lifting heavy loads, digging, aerobic exercise and fast cycling. The aim of the researchers in conducting this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of diabetes mellitus in outpatients at the Bitung Regional Public Hospital (RSUD). The research design used by the researchers in this study was an analytical survey with a Cross Sectional approach or a cross-sectional study and the population used was all patients who came to visit the Bitung Regional Hospital Internal Police who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The sample used by the researcher is total sampling. The results of the study showed that the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of diabetes in outpatients at the Poli Interna Bitung Hospital had a relationship, with a p value = 0.026 <0.05 the significance value that had been set.  Keywords: Physical Activity, Diabetes mellitus
SEBARAN PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN DAN KEPADATAN PENDUDUK DI KECAMATAN MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO TAHUN 2019 Paomey, Virginia C.; Nelwan, Jeini E.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.
KESMAS Vol 8, No 6 (2019): Volume 8, Nomor 6, Oktober 2019
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit akibat virus yang ditularkan melalui nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. Kasus DBD Kota Manado pada bulan Januari tahun 2019 kasus DBD sebanyak 165 kasus dimana Kecamatan Malalayang merupakan kecamatan dengan kasus tertinggi dengan jumlah 62 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran kejadian DBD berdasarkan ketinggian dan kepadatan penduduk di Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekologis dengan pendekatan spasial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh penderita DBD bulan Januari-Mei tahun 2019 berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Bahu dan Puskesmas Minanga yaitu 84 penderita. Adapun instrumen penelitian yang digunakan ialah laptop, Arc. GIS 10.5, GPS Garmin, microsoft excel 2010. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa kasus DBD tertinggi terdapat pada Kelurahan Malalayang I sebanyak 16 kasus dan terendah pada Kelurahan Winangun II sebanyak 4 kasus. Terdapat keterkaitan antara ketinggian tempat dan kasus DBD. Dataran yang rendah memiliki kasus DBD lebih banyak. Kepadatan penduduk tidak terlihat keterkaitan dengan kasus DBD. Kasus DBD lebih banyak terdapat pada daerah dengan kepadatan penduduk rendah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu sebaran kasus DBD tertinggi terdapat pada Kelurahan Malalayang I dan terendah pada Kelurahan Winangun II. Sebaran kasus DBD lebih banyak terdapat pada dataran dengan ketinggian yang rendah dan pada daerah dengan kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Kata Kunci: Ketinggian, Kepadatan Penduduk, Demam Berdarah Dengue ABSTRACTDengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease that is transmitted through Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Dengue Fever Case in Manado City 2019 amounted to 165 cases, where Malalayang Subdistrict was the district with the highest case that is 62 cases. The purpose of this research to determine the distribution of DHF events based on height and population density in Malalayang District, Manado City in 2019. This study is an ecological study with a spatial approach. The population in this study were all DHF sufferers from January to May 2019 based on information from Health Center Bahu and Minanga, as many as 84 patients. The research instrument used is a laptop, Arc.GIS 10.5, GPS Garmin, Microsoft Excel 2010. The results of the study found that the highest dengue cases were found in Malalayang I Village as many as 16 cases and the lowest was in Winangun II Village as many as 4 cases. There is a link between the height of the place and the case of DHF. Lowlands have more DHF cases. Population density, there is no association with DHF cases. It was found that dengue cases were more prevalent in areas with low population density. The conclusion of this research is that the highest distribution of DHF cases was found in Malalayang I Village and the lowest was in Winangun II Village. The distribution of DHF cases is more common in low altitude areas and in high population density areas. Keywords: Altitude, Population Density, Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Dengan Tindakan Seks Pranikah pada Siswa Kelas XI Di SMK Negeri 2 Manado Mangando, Elcya Natalia S.; Lampus, Benedictus S.; Siagian, Iyone E.T.; Kandou, Grace D.; Pandelaki, A.J.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 2 Nomor 1 Februari 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

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Adolescent is defined as a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent age limit according to theWorld Health Organization (WHO) is 12 to 24 years. Problems that often experienced by adolescents today are issuessurrounding sexuality, especially premarital sex. Some studies show that 20 years ago, adolescents that approvedpremarital sex are around 1.2% - 9.6%, and then 10 years later rose to above 10% and 5 years later that percentagerose to 17%. Act of premarital sex is determined by the knowledge and attitudes held by adolescents. The purpose ofthis study was to analyze the relationship between adolescents knowledge and attitudes with premarital sex acts ofsecond grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manado.This research is an analytical cross-sectional studiesdesign. Samples in this research are 82 respondents teens who have match the criteria. From the overall 82 adolescentrespondents show that most adolescent are well knowledge with the percentage of 52.4%, the attitude is dominatedwith positive attitude with a percentage of 54.9%, and the acts is dominated with good acts that is 61.0%. Chi-Square Test results indicate that there is significant relationship between knowledge and premarital sex acts (p =0.000) and no significant relationship between attitudes to premarital sex acts (p = 0.000). Overview of theknowledge, attitudes, and premarital sex acts of second grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manadoobtained good. There is a relationship between knowledge of adolescents with premarital sex acts. There is a relationshipbetween attitudes with premarital sex acts. Conclusion : Overview of the knowledge, attitudes, and premaritalsex acts of second grade senior high school students in SMK Negeri 2 Manado obtained good. There is a relationshipbetween knowledge of adolescents with premarital sex acts. There is a relationship between attitudes with premaritalsex acts.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitudes, Acts, Premarital Sex, Adolescent
Hubungan Antara Malaria Klinis Dengan Anemia Pada Penderita Yang Berkunjung Di Puskesmas Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Mongi, Monica Michiko; Rombot, Dina V; Lampus, Benedictus S.; Umboh, Jootje M.L.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.; Pandelaki, A.J.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 2 Nomor 1 Februari 2014
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

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Malaria remains a important public health problem in the world. Distribution of malaria depend on interaction betweenagent,host, and environment. Malaria is one of the indicators of the targeted Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) to stop the distribution of malaria. Assume of malaria case in Regency North Minahasa is 5.925 cases. Thepurpose of this study to analyze Relationship Between Clinical Malaria with Anemia in Patients Visiting Health CentersWori Regency North Minahasa. Design of this study using the cross sectional analytic study. Sample was determinedby purposive sampling. Total of sample is 50 respondent. Bivariate analysis using Chi Square, SPSS 20 version.The result showed that there is a Relationship Between Clinical Malaria with Anemia in Patients Visiting Health CentersWori Regency North Minahasa with a value of p=0.045(<0.05). Percentage of malaria with anemia 10% and percentageof malaria without anemia 0%. Percentage of negative malaria with anemia 48% and percentage of negativemalaria without anemia 42%. Conclusion : The result showed that there is a Relationship Between Clinical Malariawith Anemia in Patients Visiting Health Centers Wori Regency North Minahasa. Ha accepted and Ho rejected.Keywords: malaria, anemia
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Masyarakat Tentang Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue Dengan Pencegahan Vektor di Kelurahan Malalayang 1 Barat Kota Manado Ayudhya, Putri; Ottay, Ronald I; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.; Kandou, Grace D.; Pandelaki, A.J.
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN KOMUNITAS DAN TROPIK JKKT Volume 2 Nomor 1 Februari 2014
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Dengue Hemoraic Fever is a one of the problem in Indonesia society and it’s patients are always increase and widen.Dengue Hemoragic Fever is also a disease caused base on enviroment. One of the factor of high mortality and morbilityrate are sociaty attitudes and its increased the risk of Dengue Hemoragic Fever spreading. Purpose : To find out therelation between knowleadge and attitude about Dengue Hemoragic Fever with vector preventive act in distric 1 westMalalayang Manado. Metode of the research The research was held from November-Desember 2013. The methode ofthe reseach is analytic desriptive with cross sectional design. The simple are sociaty who lived in district 1 west Malalayangand the number of sample are 100 person. The data analyst with univariate and bivariate and the statistic testare chi square. Result of the research : A part of the responden have a good knowledge about Dengue Hemoragic Feverdisease (96%), good attitude (98%) and Dengue Hemoragic Fever vector preventive act (99%). p value = 0,042 got bychi square test which means the are ralation between knowledge and attitude of vector preventive, and also p value =0,021 god by chi square which means the are significant relation between attitude and act. Conclution : There are betweenknowledge of Dengue Hemoragic Fever and vevtor prevention act and significant relation between DengueHemoragic Fever disease and vector preventive act.Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Act, Vector, Dengue Hemoragic Fever Disease, Distric 1 West Malalayang Manado
ANALISIS PERAN PENGAWAS MENELAN OBAT (PMO) TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MENELAN OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI PUSKESMAS KAUDITAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA Sondang, Brayen; Asrifuddin, Afnal; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.
KESMAS Vol 10, No 4 (2021): VOLUME 10, NOMOR 4, APRIL 2021
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Penyakit Tuberkulosis (TB) ialah penyakit menular yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterim tuberculosis, bakteri ini pada umumnya menginfeksi paru-paru, penyakit ini masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dalam masyarakat dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Hal tersebut diperkuat dengan data dari WHO tahun 2020 terdapat 10 juta kasus dengan angka kematian mencapai sampai 1,3 juta, sementara di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 tercatat 845.000 kasus dengan angka kematian mencapai 12.469 orang. Dinas kesehatan kabupaten Minahasa Utara mengatakan bahwa penyakit TB Paru dengan BTA+, masuk dalam 10 penyakit menonjol hingga bulan Oktober 2019 prevalensi penyakit ini mencapai 170 kasus dengan angka CDR (Case Detection Rate) 55%, 7 kasus Multi Drug Resistent (MDR) dan 8 kasus drop out dan Puskesmas Kauditan merupakan Puskesmas yang terdapat TB MDR terbanyak di antara Puskesmas-puskesmas yang ada di Minahasa Utara. Penyebab munculnya TB MDR akibat kegagalan dalam pengobatan sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis peran PMO terhadap kepatuhan menelan OAT pada penderita Tuberkulosis paru di puskesmas Kauditan kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif yang bertempat di wilayah kerja puskesmas Kauditan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2020, terdiri dari 6 informan yang diwawancari secara mendalam yaitu 4 orang PMO, kepala puskesmas dan pemegang program TB. Selanjutnya hasil peneitian di analisis menggunakan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peran pengawasan sudah optimal, pemberian motivasi yang belum maksimal dilaksanakan, dan peran edukasi juga oleh PMO di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kauditan yang belum optimal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa peran PMO dalam melakukan pengawasan, memberikan dorongan/motivasi serta peran PMO dalam memberikan edukasi/penyuluhan kepada pasien  sehingga dapat berpengaruh terhadap perilaku kepatuhan penderita TB untuk menelan obat. Sehingga PMO perlu dibekali dengan ilmu yang cukup untuk mendampingi penderita selama menjalani pengobatan yang relatif cukup lama. Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, Kepatuhan, Peran Pengawas Menelan Obat (PMO)  ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that typically infects human lungs. It is still one of the major diseases in the world, including in Indonesia. This statement is supported by the data collected by WHO, which recorded 10 million tuberculosis cases in 2020, with total deaths of 1,3 million. Meanwhile, Indonesia recorded 845.000 tuberculosis cases in 2020, with total deaths of 12.469. North Minahasa Health Office stated that pulmonary TB BTA+ is in the top ten of the most prominent diseases in the area. In October 2019, the number of tuberculosis cases reached 170, with CDR (Case Detection Rate) of 55%, seven Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) cases, and eight drop-out cases. Kauditan District Public Health Center is the public health center with the highest TB MDR cases among the public health centers in North Minahasa. This situation is caused by the failure of the medication provided by the service. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of the medication supervisor on the anti-tuberculosis medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Kauditan District Public Health Center, North Minahasa Regency. This research uses the qualitative research design and is conducted in Kauditan District Public Health Center from October 2020 to December 2020. The researcher interviewed six informants to acquire data for this research: four medication supervisors, the Head of the Kauditan District Public Health Center, and the Head of the Kauditan District Public Health Center's TB Program. The results of this research were analyzed using the triangulation model.  The results of the research are as follows. The supervisors' performance in supervising the patients in Kauditan District Public Health Center is optimal. Their performance in motivating the patients is not optimal. Their performance in educating the patients is also not optimal. This research concludes that medication supervisors must improve their performance in supervising, motivating, and educating/counseling tuberculosis patients to improve their medication adherence behavior. Medication supervisors should be properly trained for accompanying patients during the relatively long duration of their treatment. Keyword: Tuberculosis, Adherence, The Role of The Medication Supervisor
PENERAPAN SISTEM TANGGAP DARURAT KEBAKARAN DI GEDUNG-GEDUNG UNIVERSITAS Darea, Andrew Christy; Doda, Diana V. D.; Kaunang, Wulan P.J.
KESMAS Vol 10, No 1 (2021): VOLUME 10, NOMOR 1, JANUARI 2021
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

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Abstract

Kebakaran merupakan masalah yang dapat terjadi kapan saja dan menimbulkan korban jiwa serta kerugian harta benda dan dokumen-dokumen penting. Kebakaran dapat terjadi di akibat kelalaian dari manusia maupun akibat dari faktor alam, kasus kebakaran yang dapat terjadi akibat tidak diterapkannya sistem tanggap darurat kebakaran yang efektif dan tidak tersedianya sarana proteksi dalam gedung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan sistem tanggap darurat kebakaran di gedung-gedung universitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan observasional  untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi dengan pengumpulan data secara in-depth interview. Metode pengambilan informan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu informan memiliki kecukupan dan pengetahuan tentang topik penelitian agar dapat memberikan informasi, dan gambaran mengenai sistem tanggap darurat, pengambilan informasi dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan 6 orang informan yang berada di 4 gedung yang dimasukkan dalam penelitian. Hasil wawancara mendalam dengan 6 informan menunjukan bahwa Lembaga Pendidikan dalam penelitian sudah mengerti tentang sistem tanggap darurat dan sudah mengetahui prosedur tanggap darurat namun belum memperlengkapi sarana proteksi, tim tanggap darurat dan simulasi tanggap darurat belum dilaksanakan disetiap gedung. Tim tanggap darurat di empat gedung tsb belum dibentuk karena dibeberapa gedung kekurangan sumber daya manusia untuk membentuk tim tanggap darurat, dan untuk dokumen sistem tanggap darurat belum tersedia. Hasil observasi langsung didapatkan bahwa dari empat gedung dalam penelitian ini, satu gedung belum mempunyai sarana proteksi aktif, dua gedung belum mempunyai sarana proteksi pasif dan satu gedung yang belum mempunyai sarana penyelamat jiwa. Hasil observasi dokumen ditemukan bahwa sebagian besar gedung tidak memiliki dokumen tanggap darurat yang menjadi patokan dalam melaksanakan dan menangani keadaan darurat. Penerapan sistem tanggap darurat kebakaran dalam Lembaga Pendidikan dalam penelitian ini belum efektif, oleh sebab itu pembentuk tim tanggap darurat dan melengkapi sarana proteksi kebakaran sangat diperlukan sehingga sistem tanggap darurat kebakaran bisa terlaksana dengan baik di setiap gedung. Kata Kunci : Sistem Tanggap Darurat Kebakaran ABSTRACTFire is a problem that can occur at any time, may cause fatalities and loss of property and important documents. Fires can occur as a result of natural factors, human negligence, not implementing an effective fire emergency response system and the unavailability of protective facilities in the building. This study aims to determine the application of fire emergency response systems in university buildings. This study used a qualitative method through an observational approach to identify and data collection through in-depth interviews. The purposive sampling technique was used to recruit the informant. The informant should have sufficient knowledge about the research topic to provide appropriate information and an overview of the emergency response system. In-depth interviews were administrated with six informants who were in four buildings that were included in the study. The results of in-depth interviews with 6 informants showed that the educational institutions in the study already understood the emergency response system and already knew emergency response procedures.  However, they had not adequately equipped with protection facilities and no emergency response teams.  The emergency response simulations had not been implemented in every building. Emergency response teams in the four buildings have not been formed because some buildings have limited human resources to perform emergency response team tasks. Documents for the emergency response system are not yet available. The results of direct observation showed that of the four buildings in this study, one building did not have active protection facilities, two buildings did not have passive protection facilities, and one did not have life-saving facilities. The result of document observation found that most of the buildings do not have emergency response documents that become a benchmark in implementing and handling emergencies. The implementation of the fire emergency response system in educational institutions in this study has not been effective, therefore forming an emergency response team and completing fire protection facilities is needed so that the fire emergency response system can be implemented properly in every building. Keywords : Fire Emergency Response System
Co-Authors A.J. Pandelaki August J. Pandelaki Benedictus S. Lampus Budi T. Ratag Darea, Andrew Christy Dina Rombot Doda, Diana V.D. Elcya Natalia S. Mangando Essa, Artika L. Gandawari, Valentina Terescova Gonibala, Rika S Grace Debbie Kandou Henry M. F. Palandeng Ilham Habib Djarkoni Iyone E.T. Siagian Jootje M.L. Umboh Julia S. Oley Kalesaran, Angela Fitriani Clementine Kantohe, Jenny Ristiwaty L, Cicilia Lilian Rauw-Andries Mantali, Arief Mantjoro, Eva M. Monica Michiko Mongi Mullo, Debora P. Nelwan, Ester Jeini Nelwan, Jeini E. Paomey, Virginia C. Putri Ayudhya Ronald I Ottay Ronald I. Ottay Runturambi, Yobert N. Sari, Ita Erlyta Sekeon, Sekplin A.S. Sondang, Brayen Sunkudon, Cherlin Tabilantang, Desy Elsaputri Timban, Inri Wua, Tessa C.M.