Ketut Siki Kawiyana
Departemen Orthopaedi Dan Traumatologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

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FRAKTUR PADA TULANG MAKSILA Ni Putu Enny Pratiwi Suardi; AA GN Asmara Jaya; Sri Maliawan; Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no 12 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Trauma is the leading cause of death in human. Some human occasionally sustain severe injuries of the face which requires appropriate therapy. Maxillofacial trauma, is any physical trauma to the face. Facial trauma can involve soft tissue injuries such as burns, lacerations and bruises, or fractures of the facial bones such as nasal fractures and fractures of the jaw, as well as trauma such as eye injuries. Symptoms are specific to the type of injury; for example, fractures may involve pain, swelling, loss of function, or changes in the shape of facial structures.
MANAGEMENT OF FRACTURE OF MUSCULOSCELETAL TRAUMA Gde Rastu Adi Mahartha; Sri Maliawan; Ketut Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no3 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Fracture is a loss of continuity of bone, either total or partial, is usually caused by trauma. Overall incidence of fractures was 11.3 in 1,000 per year, in males was 11.67 in 1000 per year, whereas in 10.65 in 1,000 women per year. The classic symptom is a history of trauma fracture, pain and swelling in the broken bones, deformity, musculoskeletal dysfunction, breaking the continuity of the bone, and neurovascular disorders. Principles of fracture treatment is to restore the position of the fracture to its original position (reposition) and held that position during the healing of fractures (immobilization). Special in open fractures, must be considered the danger of infection, either general or local infection.
INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE MONITORING TECHNIQUE Ida Bagus Adi Kayana; Sri Maliawan; I Ketut Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no3 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Head injury is the most significant cause of increased morbidity and mortality. An estimated 1.4 million head injuries occur each year, with and more than 1.1 million come to the Emergency Unit. On each patient head injury, an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) related to poor outcomes and aggressive therapy to increased ICP can improve the outcomes. ICP monitoring is the most widely used because of the prevention and control of ICP as well as maintain the pressure increase perfusion of cerebral (Cerebral Perfusion Pressure/CPP) is the basic purpose of handling head injury. There are two methods of monitoring ICP that is an invasive methods (directly) and non-invasive techniques (indirectly). The method commonly used, namely intraventricular and intraparenkimal (microtransducer sensor) because it is more accurate but keep attention to the existence of the risk of bleeding and infection resulting from installation. Monitoring of ICT can determine the actions that avoid further brain injury, which can be lethal and irreversibel.
KARAKTERISTIK HISTOLOGIS, STADIUM KLINIS, DAN TERAPI KANKER KOLON PADA PASIEN LANJUT USIA DI RSUP SANGLAH Komang Ayu Vitriana Gamayanti; Sri Maliawan; Ketut Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 3 no 11(2014):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Kanker kolon merupakan jenis kanker yang umum dijumpai pada populasi geriatrik. Namun, penelitian mengenai karakteristik histopatologi, stadium klinis, dan terapi kanker kolon pada populasi geriatrik masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik histologi, stadium klinis, dan terapi kanker kolon pada kelompok pasien geriatri di RSUP Sanglah selama periode 2009-2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian epidemiologi deskriptif yang menggunakan data register kanker kolon RSUP Sanglah selama periode tahun 2009-2013. Data mengenai jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, tipe histologi, stadium, dan jenis terapi yang diperoleh dianalisis berdasarkan kelompok usia (<60 tahun vs. ?60 tahun). Sebanyak 97 pasien terdiagnosis kanker kolon berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi selama periode tahun 2009-2013, 68 (70,1%) diantaranya berusia di bawah 60 tahun sedangkan 29 (29,9%) pasien berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Adenokarsinoma merupakan tipe histologi yang paling umum dijumpai pada kedua kelompok usia. Proporsi kasus adenokarsinoma lebih tinggi pada kelompok pasien geriatrik (96,5% vs. 82,4%). Kelompok usia muda memiliki proporsi kasus mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, dan malignant GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) yang lebih tinggi. Kelompok pasien geriatrik memiliki proporsi kasus dengan stadium dini yang lebih rendah (stadium in situ, I, dan II: 41,4% vs. 51,5%) dan proporsi kasus dengan stadium lanjut yang lebih tinggi (stadium IV: 20,7% vs. 13,2%). Proporsi kasus yang menerima pembedahan kuratif lebih rendah pada kelompok pasien geriatrik (75,9% vs. 80,9%). Dapat dimpulkan bahwa pasien geriatrik dengan kanker kolon cenderung memiliki stadium tumor yang lebih lanjut dan dengan demikian, kurang representatif untuk menerima terapi pembedahan kuratif. Faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap fenomena ini harus ditelaah lebih jauh pada penelitian selanjutnya.
LUMBAR SPINAL CANAL STENOSIS, DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT Putu Indah Budi Apsari; I Ketut Suyasa; Sri Maliawan; Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no 9 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Lumbar spinal canal stenosis is a narrowing of the osteoligamentous vertebral canal and/or the intervertebral foramina causing compression of the thecal sac and/or the caudal nerve roots. The prevalence are five per 1000 person over 50 years old in USA. Male more than female, the most affect L4 -L5 and L3-L4. Low back pain is the most symptom. Routine diagnostic examination can be done plain x-ray lumbosacral, CT scan, and MRI. Management therapy can divide to two conservative and operative therapy. Complication of operative therapy is infection, vacular injury, cardiorespiratory disturbance due to embolization and death. The prognosis related with severity of symptom, degree of stenosis, surgical procedure and comorbid conditions.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF URETHRAL STRICTURE A.A. Ngr. Agung Wistara Widya; A.A. Gde Oka; Ketut Siki Kawiyana; Sri Maliawan
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no3 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Abstract

Retention of urine is the lower urinary tract obstruction caused by the inability of squirting urine, so that the urine collected in the bladder exceeds the maximum limit. One reason is due to narrowing of the lumen of the urethra, called urethral stricture. The diagnosis of urethral stricture can we enforce by way of history, physical examination, and investigation. Curative treatment of this disease is surgery, but not as rare as some surgical techniques can lead to high disease recurrence for patients.. Thus the proper and adequate treatment is necessary to avoid the risk of recurrence of urethral stricture disease.
MANAGEMENT OF INTERNAL HEMORRHOID WITH RUBBER BAND LIGATION PROCEDURE I Made Arya Winangun; Putu Anda Tusta Adiputra; Sri Maliawan; Ketut Siki Kawiyana
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana vol 2 no 10 (2013):e-jurnal medika udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

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Hemorrhoid is regarded as the cases most seen in population. The prevalence of this cases about 4,4% with the incidence 12 of 1.000 patient. The current management of hemorrhoid is lifestyle modification, conservative management such as farmacology, minimally invasive treatment and more aggressive therapy using surgical procedure. Rubber band ligation was one of the minimally invasive procedures. This procedure was easy, inexpensive, and can be done outpatient using simple tools without complicated procedure like hemorrhoidectomy. Some studies explained rubber band ligation effectively done in internal hemorrhoid grade II and grade III even this procedure still had minimal complication such as bleeding and unpleasentness
Flushing intramedular dengan epinefrin pada prosedur Cemented Hip Arthroplasty menstabilkan mean arterial pressure tanpa mempengaruhi profil lipid Aakash Aakash; Ketut Siki Kawiyana; I Wayan Suryanto Dusak; Ketut Gede Mulyadi Ridia; I Ketut Suyasa; I Gusti Ngurah Wien Aryana; I Gede Eka Wiratnaya; Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (338.644 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.554

Abstract

Background: Cemented Hip Arthroplasty is the first choice of surgical treatment in fractures of neck femur and advanced hip osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, the complication, Bone Cement Implantation Syndrome can produce intra/postoperative mortality. The systemic effects of bone cement uses is hemodynamic disturbance and pulmonary embolism. These complications are thought due to the entry of semen particles into the systemic circulation caused by increased intramedullary pressure and local vasodilation. Intramedullary flushing with epinephrine after cement implantation is one of the interventions that is expected to reduce this impact. This study aims to determine the difference in hemodynamic effects and lipid profile in patients undergone flushing with epinephrine versus NaCl 0.9%.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 30 patients who underwent Cemented Hip Arthroplasty, randomly divided into 2 groups. Surgical procedures differ only in the components used for intramedullary flushing, namely NaCl 0.9% (control) and epinephrine 1: 50000 (intervention). Vital signs are observed and recorded at minute 2,4,6,8, and 10 after cementation. Serial data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. Lipid profile examination was performed before and 12 hours postoperatively and the results were analyzed with Wilcoxon-test.Results: The study observed a decreased of mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the control group after two minutes of cementation, and reached its lowest point in the sixth minute (p <0.05). In the intervention group, the decrease occurred in second to sixth minutes, but the decrease was more stable and there was no significant difference between time-point (p> 0.05). There were no significant differences of triglyceride and cholesterol level before and 12 hours after the procedure (p> 0.05).Conclusion: Intramedullary flushing with epinephrine after semen implantation in the Cemented Hip Arthroplasty procedure results in a minimal reduction of MAP compared to flushing without epinephrine. However, there were no difference in preoperative and postoperative cholesterol and triglyceride levels.Latar Belakang: Cemented Hip Arthroplasty menjadi pilihan utama terapi pembedahan pada fraktur collum femoris (Neck of Femur) serta osteoarthritis sendi panggul stadium lanjut. Meskipun demikian, komplikasi Bone cement implantation syndrome dapat menghasilkan morbiditas dan mortalitas intra/pasca operasi. Efek sistemik dari penggunaan semen tulang adalah gangguan hemodinamik dan emboli paru yang diduga akibat masuknya dari partikel semen ke sirkulasi sistemik akibat peningkatan tekanan intrameduler dan vasodilatasi lokal. Flushing intramedula dengan epinefrin paska implantasi semen merupakan salah satu intervensi yang diharapkan mengurangi dampak tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan dampak hemodinamik dan profil lipid pada pasien dengan flushing epinefrine dan NaCl 0,9%.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan melibatkan 30 pasien yang menjalani cemented arthroplasty, dibagi rata menjadi 2 kelompok secara acak. Prosedur pembedahan hanya berbeda pada komponen yang digunakan untuk flushing intramedula, yakni NaCl 0,9% (kontrol) dan epinefirn 1:50.000 (intervensi). Tanda vital diamati dan dicatat pada menit ke-2,4,6,8, dan 10 setelah sementasi. Data serial dianalisis dengan repeated measure Anova. Pemeriksaan profil lipid dilakukan sebelum dan 12 jam pasca operasi dan hasil dianalisis dengan Wilcoxon-test. Hasil: Penurunan mean arterial pressure (MAP) pada kelompok kontrol sejak menit ke 2 setelah sementasi, dan mencapai titik terendah pada menit ke 6 (p<0,05). Pada kelompok intervensi didapatkan penurunan terjadi pada menit ke 2 hingga ke 6, tetapi penurunan lebih stabil dan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p>0.05). Pada profil lipid (trigliserida dan kolesterol), tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar sebelum operasi dan 12 jam setelah tindakan operatif (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Flushing epinefrin paska implantasi semen pada prosedur Cemented Hip Arthroplasty menghasilkan penurunan MAP yang minimal dibandingkan flushing tanpa epinefrin. Akan tetapi, flushing epinefrin tidak memberikan perbedaan pada kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida paska operasi.
Hubungan dan titik potong skor Caprini terhadap D-dimer sebagai parameter resiko trombosis vena dalam pada pasien paska fiksasi internal fraktur tulang panjang ekstremitas bawah Made Wirabhawa; Ketut Siki Kawiyana; I Ketut Suyasa; Putu Astawa; Ketut Gede Mulyadi Ridia; I Wayan Suryanto Dusak; I Gede Eka Wiratnaya; Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.291 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.555

Abstract

Background: Fractures contribute to a substantial proportion of the emergency department cases. Surgical procedures such as internal fixation of lower limb fractures posed a risk to develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The current diagnosis of DVT is still a challenge, as the current main parameter, the D-dimer, requires additional laboratory time and cost. Threrefore, an easier and faster alternative should be used in clinical decision making. Caprini score is among a simple method to assess the risk of a DVT, but validation is still needed before it can be implemented.Methods: This is an cross-sectional analytic study aimed to determine the relationship between Caprini scores and D-dimer level in patients with post-internal fixation of long bone fractures in lower extrimities at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. Caprini scores were determined before surgery then D-dimer measurements were taken postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation method and ROC curve were generated to determine the cut-off point of Caprini Score equivalent of high risk DVT with the D-dimer as the predictor.Result: The average Caprini score was 9.37 (7-13). Mean preoperative D-dimer was 6.59 µg/ml (2.50-13.20 µg/ml), postoperatively 11.50 µg / ml (3.71-19.89 µg/ml) and mean delta D -Dimer 5.23 µg/ml (0.56-12.28 µg/ml). Pearson correlation test obtained a strong positive relationship (r = 0.726 and p≤0,0001). Analysis of the ROC curve to determine the cut-off point for Caprini score which equivalent to the high risk of DVT from D-dimer prediction (> 7.2 µg / ml) resulted in AUC of 0.824 (95% CI 0.669-0.979, p= 0.024) with the optimal cut-off point for Caprini score was 8.Conclusion: Caprini and D-dimer scores show a strong positive correlation.  Caprini scores can be considered to estimate the risk of DVT in post-internal fixation patients of lower extremities long bone fractures. Latar Belakang. Kejadian fraktur memiliki proporsi yang substansial dari total pasien yang datang ke unit gawat darurat rumah sakit. Prosedur operasi seperti pemasangan fiksasi internal pada fraktur ekstremitas bawah memiliki resiko untuk terjadinya trombosis vena dalam (DVT). Penegakan diagnosis DVT saat ini masih merupakan suatu tantangan salah satunya karena pemeriksaan laboratorium D-dimer membutuhkan waktu dan biaya tambahan, sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif yang lebih mudah dan cepat digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis. Skor Caprini merupakan salah satu cara untuk menilai resiko terjadinya suatu DVT, akan tetapi masih diperlukan validasi sebelum dapat diimplementasikan. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional analitik dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan Skor Caprini dengan kadar D-dimer pada pasien paska operasi fiksasi internal fraktur tulang panjang ekstremitas bawah di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Skor Caprini ditentuakan sebelum operasi kemudian pengukuran D-dimer dilakukan paska operasi. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan metode korelasi Pearson dan penentan titik potong risiko DVT dengan prediktor D-dimer menggunakan metode kurva ROC.Hasil: Rerata Skor Caprini adalah 9,37 dengan rentang skor 7-13. Rerata D-dimer sebelum operasi sebesar 6,59 µg/ml (2,50-13,20 µg/ml), paska operasi 11,50 µg/ml (3,71-19,89 µg/ml) dan rerata delta D-Dimer 5,23µg/ml (0,56-12,28 µg/ml). Uji korelasi Pearson diperoleh hubungan positif kuat antara Skor Caprini dengan kadar D-dimer (nilai r=0,726 dan nilai p≤0,0001). Analisis kurva ROC untuk menentukan itik potong  Skor Caprini yang setara dengan resiko tinggi terjadinya DVT dari prediksi D-dimer (>7,2 µg/ml) memperoleh Area Under Curve 0,824 (95% CI 0,669-0,979, p = 0,024) dengan titik potong optimal skor Caprini 8.Kesimpulan: Skor Caprini dan D-dimer menunjukkan korelasi positif yang kuat pada pasien paska fiksasi internal fraktur tulang panjang ekstremitas bawah. Skor Caprini dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai acuan dalam menentukan resiko terjadinya  DVT.
Hemiartroplasti Bipolar menghasilkan luaran C-Reactive Protein dan Harris Hip Score yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan Cephalomedulary Nailing Komang Septian Sandiwidayat; Putu Astawa; Ketut Gede Mulyadi Ridia; Ketut Siki Kawiyana; I Wayan Suryanto Dusak; I Ketut Suyasa; I Gede Eka Wiratnaya; Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (264.283 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.556

Abstract

Background: Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and Cephalomedullary Nailing (PFNA) are operative procedures for the management of proximal femoral fractures. Both of these surgical techniques have their respective advantages and disadvantages. This study aims to determine the differences in biological and functional outcomes. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) used to measure inflammation due to tissue damage and Harris Hip Score (HHS) used to measure functional output. This study hoped to facilitate the selection of appropriate techniques for the treatment of proximal femoral fractures.Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted among patient with proximal femoral fractures who underwent Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and PFNA surgery. CRP levels were examined before surgery and 12 hours postoperatively. The HHS assessment was performed at weeks 4, 6, and 8 postoperatively.Results: In general, the preoperative CRP levels of the groups undergoing Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and PFNA were not significantly different (32.4±16.7 and 33.7±17.1; p> 0.05), whereas postoperatively, Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty shown significantly higher CRP (76.5±27.3 and 42.6±17.6; p <0.0001). Similar results were also shown from the ∆CRP analysis (45.1±22.1 and 8.9±3.2; p<0.0001). The mean HHS score was higher in the Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty group than in PFNA group at each measurement. At the 4th week, the mean HHS score did not show a significant difference (52.3±4.2 vs 52.2±5.4; p>0.05). The 6th week evaluation showed Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty had a mean HHS of 76.5±4.6 while PFNA 61.4±5.4 (p <0.0001). At week 8, HHS in Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty was consistently higher than PFNA (89.43±4.5 and 74.95±4.9; p <0.0001). The Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty group was hospitalized 56% longer (6.1±1.3 and 3.9±1.3 days; p<0.0001) and the Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty had an average bleeding volume of 4.5 times more (407.4±122.8 and 90±13 ml; p <0.0001).Conclusion: Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and PFNA procedures have significantly different functional and biological outcomes. The postoperative HHS score in Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty is better but with a higher delta CRP. Latar Belakang: Hemiarthroplasti bipolar dan Cephalomedullary Nailing (PFNA) merupakan prosedur operatif penatalaksanaan fraktur proksimal femur. Kedua prosedur tersebut menggunakan pendekatan yang berbeda utamanya pada upaya preservasi bagian proksimal femur. Kedua teknik bedah ini memiliki keuntungan dan kerugian masing-masing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan luaran biologis dan fungsional kedua teknik tersebut. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) digunakan sebagai parameter terkait inflamasi akibat kerusakan jaringan dan Harris Hip Score (HHS) digunakan mengukur luaran fungsional. Studi ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah pemilihan teknik yang tepat untuk penanganan fraktur proksimal femur.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kohort prospektif pada pasien dengan fraktur proksimal femur yang menjalani operasi Hemiartroplasti Bipolar dan PFNA. Kadar CRP diperiksa sebelum operasi dan 12 jam paska operasi. Penilaian HHS dilakukan pada minggu ke-4, 6, dan 8 paska operasi.Hasil: Secara umum kadar CRP preoperasi kelompok yang menjalani Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar dan PFNA tidak berbeda signifikan (32,4±16,7 dan 33,7±17,1; p>0,05), sedangkan pada paska operasi kadar CRP Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar secara signifikan lebih tinggi (76,5±27,3 dan 42,6±17,6; p<0,0001). Hasil yang sama juga ditunjukan dari analisis ∆CRP (45,1±22,1 dan 8,9±3,2; p < 0,0001). Rerata skor HHS lebih tinggi pada kelompok Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar daripada PFNA pada setiap kali pengukuran. Pada minggu ke-4 nilai rerata HHS tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang signifikan (52,3±4,2 vs 52,2±5,4, p>0,05). Evaluasi minggu ke-6 menunjukan Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar memiliki rerata HHS 76,5±4,6 sementara PFNA 61,4±5,4 (p<0,0001). Pada minggu ke-8, HHS pada Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar konsisten lebih tinggi daripada PFNA (89,43±4,5 dan 74,95±4,9; p<0,0001). Kelompok Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar menjalani rawat inap 56% lebih lama (6,1±1,3 dan 3,9±1,3 hari; p < 0,0001) serta Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar memiliki rerata volume perdarahan 4,5 kali lebih banyak (407,4±122,8 dan 90±13 ml; p < 0,0001).Kesimpulan: Prosedur Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar dan PFNA memiliki luaran fungsional dan biologis yang berbeda secara signifikan. Skor HHS pada Hemiarthroplasti Bipolar lebih baik tetapi selisih CRP yang lebih tinggi.