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All Journal AQUATIC SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX
Kurniati Kemer
Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan,Universitas Sam Ratulangi.Jl. Kampus Unsrat Bahu, Manado 95115, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Journal : JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX

 1 
Antibacterial Activity of Stylissa carteri Sponge Extract from Manado Bay, North Sulawesi Palungan, Irpan; Bara, Robert Antonius; Mangindaan, Remy Emile Petrus; Kemer, Kurniati; Wullur, Stenly; Rembet, Unstain N. W. J.
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i1.36020

Abstract

Marine sponges contain secondary metabolites with unique chemical structures and very interesting pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and others to be developed as candidate drugs. The presence of bioactive metabolites in sessile nature such as sponges also reflects the ecological adaptation formed during a long evolutionary process as a defense mechanism of this organism with its environment in the form of resistance to predation, competition and infection factors against pathogenic bacteria, so this study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of Stylissa carteri sponge fractions as well as testing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values. The method used in testing the antibacterial activity is the agar diffusion method (Disc Diffusion Kirby Bauer Method). The presence of antibacterial activity was indicated by the formation of a clear zone around the paper disc after incubation for 24 hours. The results showed that antibacterial activity of S. carteri sponge extract tested on Bacillus megaterium DSM32T bacteria revealed to be the strongest inhibition zone of 21 mm. Further testing on the extract fraction of S. carteri showed that the semipolar fractions showed strong activity against the B. megaterium while the polar fraction was categorized as moderate action, the non-polar fraction showed no activity against the bacteria. The determination of the MIC and MBC values was obtained at 500 ppm and 1000 ppm respectively.
Application of chlorophyll in carrageenan from algae Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty 1996 Kurniawan, Budi; Mantiri, Desy M. H.; Kemer, Kurniati; Rompas, Rizald M.; Kawung, Nickson J.; Mudeng, Joppy D.
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i2.41935

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of NaOH and KOH on carrageenan. The addition of natural dyes was carried out with different concentrations of carrageenan and the value of viscosity and gel strength of the algae Kappaphycus alvarezii to a mixture of natural dyes. The samples of algae were taken from the cultivation area in Belang waters, Southeast Minahasa Regency. The results of this study on the addition of natural dyes in refined carrageenan have succeeded in giving a green color and did not affect the viscosity and gel strength of the carrageenan gel when compared to the control (without treatment). The viscosity value of carrageenan with 4% NaOH concentration was 53.34-53.69 cP and KOH concentration was 49.55-50.03 cP. The gel strength value at 4% NaOH concentration was 74.11-74.89 mm/g/sec, while at 5% KOH concentration it was 84.22-84.89 mm/g/sec. The viscosity and gel strength still meet standards set by the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO).Keywords: Carrageenan, natural dye, Kappaphycus alvarezii, viscosity, gel strengthAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh NaOH dan KOH terhadap karagenan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan pewarna alami dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda terhadap refined carrageenan dan nilai viskositas serta kekuatan gel karagenan dari alga Kappaphycus alvarezii terhadap campuran pewarna alami. Sampel alga diambil dari area budidaya di Perairan Belang, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Hasil penelitian tentang penambahan pewarna alami pada refined carrrageenan telah berhasil memberikan warna hijau dan tidak mempengaruhi viskositas serta kekuatan gel karagenan jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Nilai viskositas karagenan dengan konsentrasi NaOH 4% adalah 53,34 – 53,69 cP dan konsentrasi KOH 5% sebesar 49,55 – 50,03 cP. Nilai kekuatan gel pada konsentrasi NaOH 4% sebesar 74,11-74,89 mm/g/det, sedangkan pada konsentrasi KOH 5% diperoleh 84,22-84,89 mm/g/det. Viskositas dan kekuatan gel tersebut masih memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh Food Agriiculture Organization (FAO).Kata kunci: Karagenan, pewarna alami, Kappaphycus alvarezii, viskositas, kekuatan gel
Morphology and Morfometric Study of Crabs Species Caught on the Coast of Mokupa, Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Pelafu, Widya; Paransa, Darus Saadah J.; Mantiri, Desy M. H; Kemer, Kurniati; Bara, Robert A.; Batarogoa, Nego E.
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i2.42283

Abstract

Crabs are organisms that have been found moving actively in tidal areas. One is in the coastal area of Mokupa, Whare the study boasts a great diversity of poorly informed crabs. this study aims to identify the morphology and diversity of crab species during the full moon and late nephew phase. The location for sampling is on the coast of Mokupa Beach, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi.  This research was conducted using the roaming method and captured directly at night at the lowest low tide based on the phases of the full moon and late nephew. Furthermore, the collected crabs were identified by morphology, body length, body color, carapace shape, pair of claws, walking legs, and abdomen, and morphometric calculations were performed. Based on the morphological identification found, namely: Thalamita crenata, Geograpsus crinipes, Selatium brocki, and Sesarmops impressus.Keywords: Coastal beaches, Morphology, Crab type. AbstrakKepiting merupakan organisme yang ditemukan bergerak aktif di daerah pasang surut. Salah satunya di daerah pesisir Pantai Mokupa, lokasi ini memiliki banyak keanekaragaan jenis kepiting yang belum terinfomasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi morfologi dan keanekaragaman jenis kepiting saat fase bulan purnama dan perbani akhir. Lokasi penangkapan sampel di pesisir Pantai Mokupa, Kabupaten Minahasa.Sulawesi Utara, dilakukan mengunakan metode jelajah dan ditangkap langsung pada ­waktu malam hari saat surut terendah berdasarkan fase bulan purnama dan perbani akhir. Selanjutnya, kepiting yang yang terkumpul diidentifikasi morfologi diamati ukuran panjang tubuh, warna tubuh, bentuk karapas, sepasang capit, kaki jalan dan abdomen, serta dilakukan perhitungan morfometrik. Berdasarkan identifikasi morfologi ditemukan, yaitu: Thalamita crenata, Geograpsus crinipes, Selatium brocki dan Sesarmops impressus. Kata  kunci: Pesisir pantai,  Morfologi, Jenis kepiting.
Phycoeritryn Pigments In Carrageenan From Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty 1996 Tumalun, Abigael Joanete; Mantiri, Desy Maria Helena; Paransa, Darus Sa'adah Johanis; Rompas, Rizald Max; Kemer, Kurniati; Mudeng, Joppy
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i2.42456

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a marine alga cultivated in Indonesia and produces carrageenan. Carrageenan is a product used in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. This study aimed to test the viscosity and gel strength of refined carrageenan with the addition of natural dye phycoerythrin from the algae Halymenia durvillei with different concentrations. Refine carrageenan was made using alkaline solvents of 4% NaOH and 5% KOH and then boiled using a pressure cooker. The results showed a reddish color change in the pure carrageenan refinement with the addition of phycoerythrin pigment, especially at a concentration of 50%. The average value of refined carrageenan viscosity for 4% NaOH concentration was 49.22 – 50.27 cP, and 5% KOH concentration ranged from 47.16 – 50.12 cP. Testing the gel strength of the refined carrageenan, the average NaOH 4% was 72.67 – 82.00 mm/g/sec, and the 5% KOH concentration was 81.00 – 81.78 mm/g/sec. The addition of phycoerythrin pigment to refine carrageenan had no effect on viscosity and gel strength. Drying at a temperature of 100oC obtained a water content of semi-refined carrageenan between 2.91 - 4.38%, this value is in accordance with the standard for carrageenan water content from FAO, which is a maximum of 12%.Keywords: Carrageenan, phycoerythrin pigments, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Halymenia durvillei, viscosity, gel strength.AbstrakKappaphycus alvarezii merupakan alga laut yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia dan penghasil karagenan. Karagenan merupakan suatu produk yang digunakan dalam industri kosmetik, makanan, dan juga farmasi. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menguji viskositas dan kekuatan gel terhadap karagenan refine yang ditambahkan pigmen fikoeritrin dari alga Halymenia durvillei dengan perbedaan konsentrasi. Karagenan refine dibuat dengan menggunakan pelarut alkali NaOH 4% dan KOH 5% selanjutnya direbus dengan tekanan tinggi. Hasil yang didapat menunjukan bahwa terjadi perubahan warna kemerahan pada karagenan refine dengan penambahan pigmen fikoeritrin, terutama pada konsentrasi 50%. Nilai rata-rata viskositas karagenan refine untuk konsentrasi NaOH 4% adalah 49.22 – 50.27 cP, dan konsentrasi KOH 5% berkisar 47.16 – 50.12 cP. Pengujian kekuatan gel pada karagenan refine diperoleh rata-rata NaOH 4% sebesar 72.67 – 82.00 mm/g/det dan konsentrasi KOH 5% adalah 81.00 – 81.78 mm/g/det. Penambahan pigmen pada karagenan refine tidak berpengaruh pada viskositas dan kekuatan gel. Pengeringan dengan suhu 100OC memperoleh kadar air pada karagenan semi refine antara 2.91 - 4.38%, nilai tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar kadar air karagenan dari FAO yaitu maksimum 12%.Kata kunci: Karagenan, pigmen fikoeritrin, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Halymenia durvillei, viskositas, kekuatan gel. 
Effect Of Lead Acetate (Pb(Ch3coo)2 On The Growth Of Marine Microalgaes Chlorella vulgaris (Beijerink, 1890) Jeheskiel, Aprilisa Viony; Kemer, Kurniati; Mantiri, Desy Maria Helena; Paulus, James; Rompas, Rizald M.; Khreekhoff, Renny
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v10i2.42458

Abstract

Microalgae are single-celled microorganisms, forming colonies and are very commonly found in large waters such as seas, lakes, rivers, and swamps. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth and density of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in a controlled container with the administration of lead acetate at different concentrations. Cell growth of Chlorella vulgaris with samples of marine microalgae Chlorella vulgaris from culture containers. At the beginning of the exponential phase, the microalgae were given lead acetate in 3 containers with concentrations of 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm, and control/without treatment. The results showed that the growth of Chlorella vulgaris cells with lead acetate administration experienced unstable growth compared to those without lead acetate administration (control).Keywords: Microalgae; Chlorella vulgaris; Culture; Lead AcetateAbstrakMikroalga merupakan mikroorganisme bersel satu, membentuk koloni dan sangat banyak dijumpai di perairan besar seperti pada laut, danau, sungai serta perairan payau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kepadatan mikroalga  Chlorella vulgaris dalam wadah terkontrol dengan pemberian timbal asetat pada konsentrasi yang berbeda. Pertumbuhan sel Chlorella vulgaris denga Sampel mikroalga laut Chlorella vulgaris berasal dari wadah kultur. Pada awal fase eksponensial, mikroalga diberikan timbal asetat ke dalam 3 wadah dengan konsentrasi 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm serta kontrol/tanpa perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan sel Chlorella vulgaris dengan pemberian timbal asetat mengalami pertumbuhan yang tidak stabil dibandingkan tanpa pemberian timbal asetat (kontrol).Kata kunci: Mikroalga;  Chlorella vulgaris;  Kultur; Timbal Asetat
Effect Of Lead Acetate (Pb(Ch3coo)2) On The Growth Of Marine Microalgae Porphyridium cruentum Sanep, Jacqlien Virgina; Kemer, Kurniati; Mantiri, Desy M. H.; Paulus, James J. H.; Mamuaja, Jane M.; Tombokan, John L.
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2023
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v11i1.47538

Abstract

Microalgae are a group of phytoplankton that live in waters and in damp places; Microscopic in size and can only be seen with a microscope. The stages of microalgae growth are started with the lag phase, the exponential phase, the growth rate decreasing phase, the stationary phase, and the death phase. Porphyridium cruentum is a single-celled microalgae, belonging to the class Rhodophyceae, free-living or in colonies bound in mucilago. The purpose of this study was to observe the growth of the marine microalgae Porphyridium cruentum in culture media treated with lead acetate at different concentrations, namely 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm, and control. Observation of cell growth was carried out by counting the number of cells every day, at the same time until Porphyridum cruentum entered the death phase. The cell density of Porphyridium cruentum marine microalgae showed a good growth pattern where until day 11 the average number of microalgae cells was 9.8 x104. Furthermore, the culture media was treated with lead acetate in different concentrations. Cell density with lead acetate treatment can affect the growth of Porphyridium cruentum. Keywords : Microalgae; Porphyridium cruentum; Lead Acetate Abstrak Mikroalga adalah kelompok fitoplankton yang hidup di perairan dan di tempat yang lembab; berukuran mikroskopis dan hanya bisa dilihat menggunakan mikroskop. Tahapan pertumbuhan mikroalga adalah dimulai dari fase lag, fase eksponensial, fase penurunan laju pertumbuhan, fase stasioner dan fase kematian. Porphyridium cruentum merupakan mikroalga bersel tunggal, termasuk kelas Rhodophyceae, hidup bebas atau berkoloni yang terikat dalam mucilago. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengamati pertumbuhan dari mikroalga laut Porphyridium cruentum pada media kultur dengan perlakuan timbal asetat pada konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 80 ppm dan kontrol. Pengamatan pertumbuhan sel dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah sel setiap hari, pada waktu yang sama sampai Porphyridum cruentum memasuki fase kematian. Kepadatan sel mikroalga laut Porphyridium cruentum menunjukkan pola pertumbuhan yang baik dimana sampai hari ke 11 jumlah rata-rata sel mikroalga 9,8 x104. Selanjutnya media kultur diberi perlakuan timbal asetat dengan konsentrasi berbeda. Kepadatan sel dengan perlakuan timbal asetat dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan Porphyridium cruentum. Kata kunci: Mikroalga;  Porphyridium cruentum; Timbal Asetat
Cell Density Of Microalgae Tetraselmis chuii, With Lead Acetate Compound (Pb(Ch3COO)2) at Different Concentrations Kadang, Nurfadillah; Kemer, Kurniati; Mantiri, Desy Maria Helena; Kaligis, Erly Y.; Rumampuk, Natalie D.C.; Pelle, Wilmy Etwil
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2024
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v12i2.49957

Abstract

Microalgae are a group of microscopic plants, included in the algae class, with a diameter of between 3-30 µm, single cells, and colonies that can live in all areas of fresh water and seawater. Microalgae contain active components that can be used in the cosmetic, food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries. This study aimed to determine the density of marine microalgae Tetraselmis chuii cells in culture media before treatment and to determine the density of T.chuii microalgae cells by administering lead acetate compounds at different concentrations. The method used in this study was culturing marine microalgae cells in balanced containers with lead acetate administration at concentrations of 30 ppm, 50 ppm, and 70 ppm, then observations were made by counting the number of cells under an Olympus microscope with 10x magnification using a hemocytometer. Observations were made every day at the same hour until the death phase. Microalgae culture uses a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp with 6,840 lux lighting. The results showed that the growth of T.chuii microalgae cells after administration of lead acetate compound showed unstable growth compared to the untreated container (control). Keywords: Microalgae; Tetraselmis chuii; Culture; Lead Acetate. Abstrak Mikroalga merupakan kelompok tumbuhan yang berukuran sangat kecil termasuk dalam kelas alga, memiliki diameter antara 3-30 μm baik sel tunggal maupun koloni yang dapat hidup di seluruh wilayah perairan air tawar maupun air laut. Mikroalga mengandung komponen aktif yang dapat digunakan dalam bidang industri kosmetik, makanan, farmasetika dan nutrasetikal. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kepadatan sel mikroalga laut Tetraselmis chuii dalam media kultur sebelum perlakuan dan mengetahui kepadatan sel mikroalga T.chuii dengan pemberian senyawa timbal asetat pada konsentrasi yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu mengkultur sel mikroalga laut pada wadah terkontrol dengan pemberian timbal asetat pada konsentrasi 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 70 ppm, kemudian dilakukan pengamatan melalui perhitungan jumlah sel di bawah mikroskop olympus dengan pembesaran 10x menggunakan haemocytometer. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap hari pada jam yang sama sampai pada fase kematian. Kultur mikroalga menggunakan lampu Light Emitting Diode (LED) dengan pencahayaan 6.840 lux. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan mikroalga mikroalga T.chuii mengalami penurunan sel secara signifikan setelah pemberian senyawa timbal asetat dibandingkan dengan kontrol yang tidak diberi perlakuan. Kata kunci: Mikroalga; Tetraselmis chuii; Timbal Asetat.
Comcot 1.7 Modeling To Estimate The Maximum Height And Arrival Time Of The Tsunami In Tombariri Sub-District Bakri, Abu; Angmalisang, Ping Astony; Kemer, Kurniati; Patty, Wilhelmina; Pamikiran, Revols Dolfi CH; Taher, Nurmeilita
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i1.57487

Abstract

Tombariri Sub-District is located on the North Coast of the Minahasa Peninsula, directly opposite the North Sulawesi Subduction. North Sulawesi subduction has the potential for earthquakes with a targeted magnitude of M8.5 that can generate tsunamis. In addition, Tombariri Sub-District has a fairly large population density and is located on the coast. This causes the Tombariri Sub-District to be highly vulnerable to tsunami hazards. This study aims to determine the tsunami's estimated maximum height and arrival time. The modeling method in this study is through the Comcot 1.7 application with the worst-case scenario of North Sulawesi Subduction M8.5. The results of this study showed that the maximum height of the tsunami reached 6.17 m. The estimated time of tsunami arrival in Tombariri District ranges from 5-10 minutes. The results of this study can be used as a means of mitigating tsunami disasters. Keywords: Comcot, Tsunami Modeling, Inundation, Numeric Simulation Abstrak Kecamatan Tombariri terletak di wilayah Pesisir Utara Semenanjung Minahasa yang berhadapan langsung dengan Subduksi Sulawesi Utara. Subduksi Sulawesi Utara memiliki potensi gempabumi dengan magnitudo tertarget M8.5 yang dapat membangkitkan tsunami. Selain itu, Kecamatan Tombariri memiliki kepadatan penduduk yang cukup besar dan berada di wilayah pesisir. Hal ini menyebabkan Kecamatan Tombariri memiliki tingkat kerawanan terhadap bahaya tsunami yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui estimasi ketinggian maksimum dan waktu tiba tsunami. Metode pemodelan dalam penelitian ini melalui aplikasi Comcot 1.7 dengan skenario terburuk Subduksi Sulawesi Utara M8,5. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunukkan bahwa tinggi maksimum tsunami mencapai 6,17 m. Estimasi waktu tiba tsunami di Kecamatan tombariri berkisar antara 5 - 10 menit. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai sarana mitigasi bencana tsunami. Kata Kunci : Comcot, Pemodelan tsunami, Simulasi Numerik.
Nudibranchia Species, Water Quality and Substrate at Malalayang Dua Beach, Manado City Dairivaldo, Kettang Legrant; Paulus, James J.H.; Lumuindong, Frans; Kemer, Kurniati; Pelle, Wilmy E.; Ompi, Medy
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v13i1.60767

Abstract

This research used the exploration method, where a dive team of three people descended to a subtidal depth of 3 to 10 meters. The dive team surveyed this site for 40 minutes. Measurements of environmental parameters seawater temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and turbidity—were taken using a Horiba U-536 and pH meter. The results identified 11 species. The average pH was 8.24 at Station A (Gasoline Station) and 8.06 at Station B (Malalayang Beach Walk). The average seawater temperature was 28.69°C at Station A and 29.08°C at Station B. Turbidity was 0 NTU at both stations. The dose of dissolved oxygen (DO) was 6.77 mg/L at Station A and 6.92 mg/L at Station B. The salinity was 31.49 ppt at Station A and 31.35 ppt at Station B. Except for TDS, all environmental parameters support Nudibranchia's life. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) values were 57.73 g/L at Station A and 57.33 g/L at Station B, respectively. These TDS values are unsuitable for benthic marine life since they do not fit their range tolerances. Nudibranchia attached on substrates variations from dead coral with algae (DCA), sponge, algae, and dead coral fragments. The most dominant substrate occupied by Nudibranchia was dead coral with algae (DCA). Keywords: Nudibranchia, Species, Water Quality, Substrate, Malalayang Dua Abstrak Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi, di mana tim penyelam yang terdiri dari tiga orang turun ke kedalaman subtidal 3 hingga 10 meter. Tim penyelam melakukan survei di lokasi ini selama 40 menit. Pengukuran parameter lingkungan seperti suhu air laut, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), dan kekeruhan diambil menggunakan Horiba U-536 dan pH meter. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 11 spesies. Rata-rata pH adalah 8,24 di Stasiun A (Gasoline Station) dan 8,06 di Stasiun B (Malalayang Beach Walk). Suhu air laut rata-rata adalah 28,69°C di Stasiun A dan 29,08°C di Stasiun B. Kekeruhan adalah 0 NTU di kedua stasiun. Oksigen terlarut (DO) adalah 6,77 mg/L di Stasiun A dan 6,92 mg/L di Stasiun B. Salinitas adalah 31,49 ppt di Stasiun A dan 31,35 ppt di Stasiun B. Kecuali untuk TDS, semua parameter lingkungan mendukung kehidupan Nudibranchia. Nilai Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) adalah 57,73 g/L di Stasiun A dan 57,33 g/L di Stasiun B. Nilai TDS ini tidak sesuai dengan toleransi kehidupan ‘benthic’ dasar. Dalam penelitian ini, diasumsikan bahwa konsentrasi TDS juga tidak sesuai untuk Nudibranchia. Nudibranchia menempel pada variasi substrat seperti dead coral with alga (DCA), spons, alga, dan pecahan karang mati. Substrat yang paling dominan ditempati oleh Nudibranchia adalah dead coral with alga (DCA). Kata Kunci: Nudibranchia, Jenis-jenis, Kualitas Air, Substrat, Malalayang Dua.
Co-Authors Angmalisang, Ping Astony Bakri, Abu Balaira, Greisela Batarogoa, Nego E. Bawias, Miranti Budi Kurniawan Cyska Lumenta Dairivaldo, Kettang Legrant Darus S. Paransa Deiske Adeliene Sumilat, Deiske Adeliene Erly Y. Kaligis, Erly Y. Gerung, Marselino Stevano Grace Simanjuntak, Grace Henneke Pangkey Indra R. N. Salindeho Jeheskiel, Aprilisa Viony John L. Tombokan Joice R.T.S.L Rimper Joppy Mudeng Kadang, Nurfadillah Khreekhoff, Renny Kumampung, Deislie Lumuindong, Frans Mamuaja, Jane M. Mangindaan, Remy Emile Petrus Mantiri, Desy M. H Mantiri, Rose Medy Ompi Natalie D Rumampuk Nickson J. Kawung, Nickson J. Nurmeilita Taher Palungan, Irpan Pamikiran, Revols Dolfi Ch Paransa, Darus Sa'adah Johanis Paransa, Darus Saadah J. Paulus, James Paulus, James J. H. Pelafu, Widya Pelle, Wilmy E. Pelle, Wilmy Etwil Rizald Max Rompas, Rizald Max Robert A. Bara Rompas, Rizald M. Salindeho, Netty Sanep, Jacqlien Virgina Sartje Lantu Stenly Wullur Tumalun, Abigael Joanete Unstain N. W. J. Rembet, Unstain N. W. J. Utami, Tiara Wilhelmina Patty