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Christina Salaki
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Library & Information Science Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Biopesticide Application Of Bacillus thuringiensis Local Isolate To Control Atherigona exigua Pest On Corn Plants Christina Leta Salaki; Jackson Watung
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v3i2.44328

Abstract

Atherigona exigua is one of the main plant pest organisms (OPT) in maize. Among these pest control alternatives, the use of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria has received attention because of its efficiency and low impact on natural enemies. This study aims: (1) to obtain the concentration of B. thuringiensis which has a high killing power on mortality of A. exigua larvae, (2) to determine the pathogenicity of B. thuringiensis to A. exigua. Testing for killing power and pathogenicity used the "Leaf dipped method" with five different concentrations of bacterial spore suspension, namely 1.5 x 103, 1.5 x104, 1.5 x 105, 1.5 x 106 and 1.5 x 107 spores/ml. . Parameters observed included attack symptoms, mortality percentage and time of death. Larval mortality was observed at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after application. Pathogenicity values ​​were expressed by LC50 and LT50 using probit analysis. The results showed that testing the killing power of 24 isolates, there were 10 isolates that were able to kill A. exigua larvae 50% after 72 hours at a concentration of 1.5 x 107 spores/ml, while the pathogenicity test based on the results of probit analysis showed that ITH isolates had a positive value. LC50 = 7.5 x 103 spores/ml. Time of death (LT50) = 19.5 hours. Keywords: OPT, Concentration, Leaf dipped method, pathogenicity. Abstrak Atherigona exigua merupakan salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) utama pada tanaman jagung. Di antara alternatif pengendalian hama ini, penggunaan bakteri Bacillus thuringiensis mendapat perhatian karena efisiensinya dan dampaknya yang rendah terhadap musuh alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Mendapatkan konsentrasi B. thuringiensis yang mempunyai daya bunuh yang tinggi terhadap mortalitas larva A. exigua, (2) Mengetahui patogenisitas B. thuringiensis terhadap A. exigua. Pengujian daya bunuh dan patogenisitasnya menggunakan metode “Leaf dipped method” dengan lima macam konsentrasi suspense spora bakteri yaitu 1,5 x 103, 1,5 x104, 1,5x 105, 1,5 x 106 dan 1,5 x 107 spora/ml. Parameter yang diamati meliputi gejala serangan, persentase mortalitas dan waktu kematian. Mortalitas larva diamati pada 12, 24, 48 dan 72 jam setelah aplikasi. Nilai patogenisitas dinyatakan dengan LC50 dan LT50 dengan menggunakan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengujian daya bunuh dari 24 isolat, terdapat 10 isolat yang dapat mematikan larva A. exigua ≥ 50 % setelah 72 jam pada konsentrasi 1,5 x 107 spora/ml, sedangkan uji patogenisitas berdasarkan hasil analisis probit menunjukkan isolat ITH mempunyai nilai LC50 = 7,5 x 103 spora/ml. Waktu kematian (LT50) = 19,5 jam. Kata Kunci : OPT, Konsentrasi, Leaf dipped method, patogenisitas
JENIS-JENIS SERANGGA YANG BERASOSIASI PADA ECENG GONDOK DI DANAU TONDANO Geyby ., Kumolontang; Max ., Tulung; Christina L. Salaki
AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI Vol. 13 No. 3A (2017)
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (504 KB) | DOI: 10.35791/agrsosek.13.3A.2017.18059

Abstract

This study aims to see the abundance of species and populations of insects found in water hyacinth vegetation in Tondano Lake.  This research was conducted at Entomology and Phytopathology Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty at Sam Ratulangi University in Manado and on the coast of Tondano Lake. This study was conducted for 3 months. The research method used purposive sampling method or intentional intake at 5 point location of hyacinth vegetation in Tondano Lake. Determination of Research Location is based on the amount of area that has been covered by water hyacinth on the coast of Tondano. On each location has been determined and then made a plot of sampling area of 10 x 10 m. The results showed that the types of insects found in the hyacinth vegetation in Tondano Lake were from family: Culicidae, Muscidae, Phoridae, Sepsidae, Drosopilidae, Apdididae, Anthomyidae, Carabidae, Dolichopodidae, Braconidae, Stratiomiidae, Ichneumonidae, Cecidomidae, Bombylidae and Sphingidae. Insect populations fluctuate in each observation. The existence of insects found in hyacinth vegetation in Tondano Lake is generally caused by the close distance between water hyacinth with rice fields and plantations and the existence of decaying vegetation that can be a good habitat for these breeding insects, in addition there are also enemies naturally found due to its activities in the search for prey. 
USE OF PLANT-BASED PESTICIDES CYMBOPOGON NARDUS AND MIMOSA PUDICA TO CONTROL RICE PESTS Inri Wowor; Christina L. Salaki; Jimmy Rimbing
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): EDISI JANUARI-JUNI 2022
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v3i1.38816

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of using extracts of Cymbopogon Nardus L. and Mimosa Pudica extracts as controlling pests of rice plants. The results of the study showed that the use of extracts of Cymbopogon Nardus and Mimosa pudica was able to cause mortality, especially for the pest Leptocorisa acuta on rice plants. The chemical content of Cymbopogon Nardus is in the form of citronella essential oil consisting of siral compounds, citronella, geraniol, mirsena, nerol, farnesol methyl heptanol, and dipentene. The largest content is citronella, which is 35%, and geraniol, which is 34-40%.The chemical content of Mimosa pudica is in the form of a secondary metabolite called mimosin, as well as pipecholinic acid, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, sterols, polyphenols and flavonoids. The presence of this chemical content underlies the use of M. invisa weed as a vegetable pesticide.Keywords: Cymbopogon Nardus, Mimosa invisa, pesticides, vegetable extractsAbstrakKajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan ekstrak ekstrak Cymbopogon Nardus L. dan  Mimosa Pudica sebagai pengendali organisme pengganggu tanaman padi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan ekstrak Cymbopogon Nardus dan Mimosa pudica mampu terjadi mortalitas, khususnya pada hama Leptocorisa acuta pada tanaman padi. Kandungan bahan kimia Cymbopogon Nardus ini berupa minyak atsiri serai wangi terdiri dari senyawa siral, sitronela, geraniol, mirsena, nerol, farmesol methyl heptenol, dan dipentena. Kandungan yang paling besar adalah sitronela yaitu 35% dan geraniol sebesar 34-40%.Kandungan bahan kimia Mimosa pudica berupa metabolit sekunder yang disebut mimosin, serta asam pipekolinat, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, triterpenoid, sterol, polifenol dan flavonoid. Adanya kandungan bahan kimia inilah yang mmendasari pemanfaatkan gulma M. invisa sebagai pestisida nabati.Kata kunci: Cymbopogon Nardus, Mimosa invisa, pestisida, ekstrak nabati.
Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) Attack And Pest Population On Several Hybrid Corn Varieties And Strains In Talawaan Village, Talawaan District Threis Umboh; Christina L. Salaki; Dantje Tarore
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): EDISI JULI-DESEMBER 2023
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v4i2.49086

Abstract

New superior varieties and high-yielding maize lines are one of the main components of the technology for increasing maize production. This study aims to determine the larval population and pest attack of S. frugiperda on two varieties and eight lines of hybrid maize implemented in Talawaan Village. It is hoped that from this study information on larval populations and pest attacks of S. frugiperda on two varieties and eight lines of hybrid maize implemented in Talawaan Village will be obtained. This study used a randomized block design with 10 treatments, consisting of two varieties and eight lines, each treatment was repeated 3 times, so that 30 experimental units were obtained. As treatments were two maize varieties, namely ADV 777 (A) and JH 37 (J) and eight lines namely HLN 01 (B), HLN 02 (C), HLN 03 (D), HLN 04 (E), HLN 05 ( F), HLN 06 (G), HLN 07 (H), HLN 08 (I). Observations were made at intervals of 1 week starting at 15 ADP, 22 ADP, 29 ADP and 36 ADP.  The things that were observed were attack symptoms, larval populations and the percentage of S. frugiperda in the treatments being tested. The results showed that the highest average population of S. frugiperda larvae was found in the 36 ADP observations, namely treatment I (HLN 08) namely 165.33 individuals and the lowest in treatment A (ADV 777) of 18.33 individuals. The highest percentage of attacks was observed at 36 ADP, namely treatment I (HLN 08) of 46.00% and the lowest in treatment A (ADV 777) of 11.00%. Keywords: varieties, lines, S. frugiperda, corn hybrid Abstrak Varietas unggul baru dan galur tanaman jagung yang berdaya hasil tinggi merupakan salah satu komponen utama teknologi peningkatan produksi jagung.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis populasi larva dan serangan hama S. frugiperda pada dua varietas dan delapan galur jagung hibrida yang dilaksanakan di Desa Talawaan.  Diharapkan dari penelitian ini dapat diperoleh informasi populasi larva dan serangan hama S. frugiperda pada dua varietas dan delapan galur jagung hibrida yang dilaksanakan di Desa Talawaan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 10 perlakuan, yang terdiri dari dua varietas dan delapan galur, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali, sehingga diperoleh 30 satuan percobaan.  Sebagai perlakuan adalah dua varietas jagung, yakni ADV 777 (A) dan JH 37 (J) dan delapan galur yaitu HLN 01 (B), HLN 02 (C), HLN 03 (D), HLN 04 (E), HLN 05 (F), HLN 06 (G), HLN 07 (H), HLN 08 (I).  Pengamatan dilakukan selang periode 1 minggu yang dimulai pada 15 HST, 22 HST, 29 HST dan 36 HST.  Hal-hal yang diamati adalah gejala serangan, populasi larva dan persentase serangan S. frugiperda pada perlakuan yang diujicobakan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan populasi larva S. frugiperda tertinggi dijumpai pada pengamatan 36 HST yaitu perlakuan I (HLN 08) yakni 165.33 ekor dan terendah pada perlakuan A (ADV 777) sebanyak 18.33 ekor.  Persentase serangan tertinggi pada pengamatan 36 HST yakni perlakuan I (HLN 08) sebesar 46.00% dan terendah pada perlakuan A (ADV 777) sebesar 11.00%. Kata kunci : varietas, galur, Spodoptera frugiperda, jagung hibrida
Inventarisasi Parasitoid Hama Tanaman Padi Sawah di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Ariyane O.S. Siwu; Jantje Pelealu; Christina L. Salaki; Noni N. Wanta
COCOS Vol. 2 No. 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v2i3.1513

Abstract

ABSTRACTInsect parasitoids are small or as large as the host to parasite and off the host. The research was conducted in lowland rice planting area in North Minahasa regency. Research purposes to determine the type and parasitoid populations on rice crop pests in sub Kauditan, Talawaan, and Dimembe. The research was done by sweeping using insect net swing of 20 times on the location of paddy rice crops, sampling is done three times at intervals of two weeks representing all phases of rice growth was identified in the laboratory and then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the insect parasitoid found was of the Order Hymenoptera and Diptera and in different types and each sub-population, namely, District Kauditan there are 19 types, 19 types Talawaan, and Dimembe13 types. Parasitoids Telenomus spp. average of 6.5 tail in Kauditan, Dimembe 4.5 tail, while the tail Talawaan 3.6 Apanteles sp. average of 6.5 in sub Dimembe tail, Talawaan 6 tails, and tails Kauditan 3.8.Keywords :Parasitoids, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Rice plants
PADAT POPULASI DAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN HAMA WALANG SANGIT (Leptocorisa Acuta Thunb.) PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA Rivo Manopo; Christina L. Salaki; Juliet E.M. Mamahit; Emmy Senewe
COCOS Vol. 2 No. 3 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v2i3.1515

Abstract

ABSTRACTPaddy is the most important staple food in Indonesia, since more than half of the population is dependent on the rice that the paddy plants produce. About 1,75 billion of the three billion Asians, including 210 million Indonesians rely on rice as their primary source of calories. The object of this research is to know the population density and infestation intensity of the paddy bug L. acuta on paddy plants in the North Tombatu, East Tombatu and Pasan Districts of the South-east Minahasa Regency. This research is expected to inform about the population density and infestation intensity of the paddy bug L. acuta in several different places and attempts in controlling it. Results of this research show that the paddy bug has spread in paddy fields over the three districts. The highest population was found in the district of East Tombatu (33,9 individuals / ten double sweeps), followed by the Pasan District (24,1 individuals / ten double sweeps), while the district of North Tombatu had the lowest population (9,2 individuals / ten double sweeps). The high paddy bug population is influenced by environmental factors and farmers’ habits in breeding field paddy plants. The intensity of the paddy bug infestation is already high, so the presence of this pest is highly worrisome.Key words : paddy plants, population density and infestation intensity, paddy bug pest (Leptocorisa acuta Thunb.)
JAMUR YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN Plutella xylostella L. PADA SENTRA TANAMAN KUBIS DI KOTA TOMOHON DAN KECAMATAN MODOINDING Waywind Soewarno; Betsy A.N. Pinaria; Christina L. Salaki; Odi R. Pinontoan
COCOS Vol. 3 No. 6 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v3i6.3002

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aims of the research is to identify the fungi associated with the death P. xylostella larvae. The research was carried out during 3 (three) months i.e. started from August until November 2012, which is located in the Tomohon City and District of Modoinding. Working procedures of the study include: (1) a collection of the death P. xylostella larvae by taking samples along with cabbage leaves, (2) identification of fungi associated with dead P. larvae xylostella through macroscopic and microscopic observations and isolation on PDA + AB medium by direct plating and dilution. The results showed that there are five species of fungi of the death P. xylostella larvae, namely Hirsutella sp. , Metarhizium sp, Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Aspergillus sp. The species of fungi Hirsutella sp. and Metarhizium sp. including entomopathogenic fungi, while Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., and Aspergillus sp. may be opportunistic or saprophyte.Keyword: Dead P.xylostella larvae, entomopathogenic fungi, opportunistic fungi
INSIDENSI DAN SEVERITAS PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH DI DESA LOWIAN DAN LOWIAN SATU KECAMATAN MAESAAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN Sammy S.N. Rori; Guntur S.J. Manengkey; Christina L. Salaki; Caroulus S. Rante
COCOS Vol. 4 No. 6 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v4i6.4843

Abstract

ABSTRACTSammy Sem Niclas Rori. Incidence and Severity of Leaf Spot Disease on Peanut Plants in the Lowian and Lowian One Village, Subdistrict Maesaan, District of South Minahasa. Under Guidence Ir Guntur S.J. Manengkey, MP as chaiman, Prof. Dr. Ir Christina L. Salaki, MS and Ir. Caroulus S. Rante, MS as member.This study aimed to determine the incidence and severity of leaf spot diseases on peanut plants. The experiment was conducted in the Lowian and Lowian One, Maesaan the District of South Minahasa Regency. The duration of the study which lasted for four months from September to December 2013. Research field using survey methods that further observation and communication with the peanut farmer. Furthermore, the distribution plots five sample plots in two different villages to be observed regarding the incidence and severity of disease caused by the cause of the peanut plant. In the laboratory microscopic observation of the shape of conidiophores of the fungus causes leaf spot disease. Things were observed in this study are: (i) symptoms of infected plants leaf spot disease-causing pathogens, (ii) the incidence and severity of disease. Observations in the field showed that the symptoms appear on peanut plants after infection by a disease that causes patches of chlorosis appear later developed into necrosis with an irregular round shape up. This phenomenon is located on the lower surface of the leaves and the leaves, leaf spot color ranging from light brown to brown or yellow halo blackish necrosis.Keywords: incidence, severity, leaf spot disease
SERANGAN HAMA PUTIH PALSU Cnaphalocrosis medinalis GUENEE. PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN RANOYAPO KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN Vera E. Tangkilisan; Christina L. Salaki; Moulwy F. Dien; Elisabet R.M. Meray
COCOS Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v5i1.4858

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe study aims to determine the pest Cnaphalocrosis medinalis on rice crops in the vegetative phase Ranoyapo districts, South Minahasa Regency. The study uses a survey method in 4 locations / villages in the district Ranoyapo: Ranoyapo Village, West PoopoVillage, North Poopo Village, and MopoloVillage. Each location/village rice fields specified 3 (replicates) as the observation and sampling. Sampling was conducted on each diagonal fields. In each sub-plot clumps of rice as determined 5 sampling sites. Implementation of sampling vegetative phase in rice plants once a week for 6 weeks. The results showed that C. medinalis Ranoyapo has spread in the district with the highest attack found in Ranoyapo village location reached 18.66 %, after reaching West Poopo 8.07%, North Poopo reached 4.29% and Mopolo reached 4.07 %. C. medinalis highest percentage of attacks found in plants aged 6 weeks after planting (mst) which reached 20.66 % , then 5 mst old plants reached 13.55 % , 4 mst old plants reached 10.88 % , and the plant was 3 mst reached 7.55% , while the old plants 1 and 2 mst not encountered attacks. The highest population of C. medinalis found in location for Ranoyapo village reaching an average of 12.7 tail , then the village of West Poopo 4.3 tails , North Poopo Village 3.5 tail , and the tail 3.2 Mopolo village.Key words : Cnaphalocrosis medinalis, Rice field
INVENTARISASI JENIS-JENIS HAMA PADA PERTANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L.) DI KELURAHAN KAKASKASEN I KOTA TOMOHON Rafel S. Saroinsong; Daisy S. Kandowangko; Christina L. Salaki; Caroulus S. Rante
COCOS Vol. 5 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/cocos.v5i2.5906

Abstract

ABSTRACTRAFEL S. SAROINSONG. 100318024. 2014. Inventory Types of Pests on Cropping Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) in the Village Kakaskasen I, Tomohon (Under the guidance of Daisy S. Kandowangko as chairman, Christina L. Salaki and Caroulus S. Rante as a member).This study aims to inventory the types of crop pests and its dominance in chilli (Capsicum annum L.) Organic and Conventional. Field research has been conducted on chilli crop in Village Kakaskasen, Tomohon. Laboratory observations carried out at the Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sam Ratulangi. Research carried out for approximately six months which began in March to August 2014. Observations were made in pepper organic and conventional generative phase. Sampling was done by using an insect net with five swing, Yellow Sticky Trap and attractant (petrogenol). Sampling was conducted over 10 times since crop enters the generative phaseResults showed six orders of insect pests associated to the chilli crop Organic and Conventional namely: Order of Coleoptera (Family Scarabaeidae and Curculionidae); Order of Hemiptera (Family Coreidae and Pentatomidae); Order of Homoptera (Family Aphididae); Order of Thysanoptera (Family Thripidae); Order Diptera (Family Tephritidae); and Order of Lepidoptera (Family Noctuidae). Insects dominate Organic chilli planting area is the Order Diptera (Family Tephritidae), whereas the Conventional chilli planting area is dominated by the Order Coleoptera (Family Scarabaeidae).Keywords : Capsicum annum L., Chili, Kakaskasen I, Tomohon
Co-Authors Anggreini Kilala Anggreini Kilala, Anggreini Ariyane O.S. Siwu Assa, Berty Bastian P. Wowiling Bastian P. Wowiling, Bastian P. Betsy A.N. Pinaria Carla F. Kairupan Caroulus S. Rante Christian F.A. Rumende Christian L. Kaparang Daisy S. Kandowangko Dantje T Sembel Dantje Tarore Elisabet R.M. Meray Emmy Senewe Erwin G Kristanto Evie Paendong Gladys M. Tumanduk Guntur S.J. Manengkey Hans Huijbregts Henny Makal Henny Makal, Henny Henny V Makal Henny V.G. Makal Herlina I. S. Wungouw Herlina Wungouw Inri Wowor Ir. Caroulus S. Rante, MS Jackson Fraky Watung Jackson Watung Jackson Watung James B. Kaligis Jantje H. Manangka Jantje Pelealu Jantje Pelealu Jaya, Hendra K. Jesmandt Situmorang Jesmandt Situmorang Jimmy Rimbing Juliet E.M. Mamahit Juliet M.E. Mamahit Juliet M.E. Mamahit Krisen, Jeane Krisen Kumolontang, Geyby ., LANGKAH SEMBIRING Langkah Sembiring Makal, Henny V Makal, Henny V. Makkiah, Makkiah Manginstar, Christian O. Max ., Tulung Max Tulung Montong, Vivi B Montong, Vivi B. Moulwy F. Dien Natalia Samba Niken Handayani Niken Handayani Niken Satut Nur Handayani Noni N. Wanta Nurdjannah J. Niode Oddi R Pinontoan Odi R. Pinontoan Rafel S. Saroinsong Redsway Maramis Rivo Manopo Rondonuwu, Frans. B. Sammy S.N. Rori Sherlij Dumalang Threis Umboh Trina E. Tallei, Trina E. Tuldenigsri H. Gigir Tulung, Max ., Vera E. Tangkilisan Washliyah, Sitti Waywind Soewarno Yukiko Susandi Zainudin Limbanadi