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The Philosophical Problem of Evil in the Intellectual System of Suhrawardī and John Hick Zamzami, Mukhammad; Eskandian, Abdullah Hosseini; Muktafi, Muktafi; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Jurnal Theologia Vol 32, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Islamic Theology and Humanities, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.8569

The debate over the term “evil” is one of the most contentious issues in philosophy, as this term is considered to be antithetical to existence. Suhrawardī al-Maqtūl, a prominent Islamic theosophist, believed that evil did not exist. That which is considered evil or not evil is a suggestion for achieving good, and as such, it is also good. As a result, the term “crime” does not exist. What Suhrawardī said contrasted with John Hick’s view in the article “Theodicy of Soul Cultivation.” Hick concludes that basically evil exists, but only insofar as it is required to develop and evolve the human psyche and spirituality. After comparing the thoughts of these two figures, this article concludes that their partisan defence of God’s existence and His attributes regarding evil is what leads us to their views on the term “evil” and solutions to solve the crime. Suhrawardi and Hick both believe that the existence of evil does not preclude the existence of God because God is absolute. God is not against good or evil. What has considered evil is the judgment of one’s misunderstanding or the requirements for obtaining charity.

The Mainstreaming of Pakerti Adiluhung for Islamic Education Providers: Lessons Learned from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Terpadu Arroihan Malang Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Didaktika Religia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Postgraduate Program, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Kediri, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30762/didaktika.v12i2.3397

This article presents an analysis of the significance of ensuring equal access to education for children with special needs in alignment with Islamic values. It is argued that verses such as Surah Abasa, verses 1-4, and Surah al-Nur, verse 61, support the concept of inclusive education. The observation method was employed in the analysis of the data, and it was concluded that Pakerti Adiluhung (noble values) in inclusive education at MIT Ar-Roihan Lawang Malang play an important role in living God’s existence, being responsible for humanitarian duties and being consistent in carrying out professional duties. Such values constitute the bedrock upon which every educational provider, particularly teachers, must be built. The implementation of these values at MIT Ar-Roihan has resulted in notable outcomes, including enhanced student achievement, community appreciation, and recognition from authorities. The portrait of MIT Ar-Roihan provides important inspiration that the success of educators in implementing the three noble principles has a tangible impact on the achievements of the madrasah. In addition to the growing appreciation of the community and the state through the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the madrasa has also successfully guided students to achieve excellence in various fields at local, regional, national and international levels.

Existentialism in the Development of Islamic Education Institutions: A Portrait of Excellent School Development of Yapita Primary School Surabaya Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Dinamika Ilmu Vol 17 No 2 (2017): Dinamika Ilmu, 17(2), December 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda

This paper describes the development efforts of Islamic educational institution in order to maintain its existence in the midst of competition between educational institutions with various backgrounds of social religious organization communities that surround and underlie them. Yapita Primary School is a portrait of Islamic educational institution that is undergoing the process of development in the hope of becoming one of the best and excellent schools in Surabaya. It has undergone four (4) changes in its development process gradually, they are: First, the Traditional – isolative model that only held Islamic education. The second is the Synthesis model which is the implementation of Traditional-Isolative model with a little general education additions. Third, it brought a balanced education between Traditional – Isolative and general education model. Fourth, it integrates two Traditional-isolative models and Western-Modern model into a curriculum structure and enriched it with Student Talent-Interest Development and the excellent characteristics. Changes become necessity to be done so that its existence is still needed and sought by the community in the midst of the similar educational institutions emergence in the vicinity, among others; SD Luqman al-Hakim Hidayatullah Primary School, Muhammadiyah 26 Primary School, and al-Uswah Islamic Primary School.

Penguatan pembelajaran nilai-nilai Islam melalui desain instruksional model Briggs pada mata kuliah kepesantrenan Sholihah, Nikmatus; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Jurnal Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (JP2M) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jp2m.v6i3.23825

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran mata kuliah Kepesantrenan melalui pendampingan implementasi Model Briggs sebagai desain instruksional berbasis nilai. Kegiatan ini melibatkan dosen pengampu dan mahasiswa semester IV Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam Universitas Islam Darul Ulum (UNISDA) Lamongan sebagai mitra utama. Program dirancang dalam bentuk pelatihan penyusunan Rencana Pembelajaran Semester (RPS), pengembangan media ajar digital, serta fasilitasi evaluasi non-tes berbasis proyek yang dilakukan secara partisipatif. Pelaksanaan dilakukan dalam satu pertemuan tatap muka berdurasi 100 menit, dengan aktivitas seperti diskusi tematik, pembuatan video reflektif, dan presentasi kelompok. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa 76% mahasiswa menunjukkan peningkatan dalam sikap tanggung jawab, kerja sama, dan etika berbicara yang dikategorikan baik dan sangat baik. Sebelum program, sebagian besar mahasiswa menunjukkan partisipasi pasif, namun setelah implementasi, keterlibatan kognitif dan afektif meningkat signifikan. Dosen pengampu juga menunjukkan minat untuk melanjutkan model ini dalam sesi perkuliahan selanjutnya. Program ini memberikan dampak positif terhadap pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap nilai-nilai pesantren sekaligus memperkuat praktik pembelajaran aktif. Kegiatan ini direkomendasikan untuk direplikasi dalam mata kuliah berbasis nilai lainnya, dengan dukungan berkelanjutan berupa pelatihan desain instruksional bagi dosen. Pendekatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi model penguatan karakter Islami mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi berbasis pesantren.

The Philosophical Problem of Evil in the Intellectual System of Suhrawardī and John Hick Zamzami, Mukhammad; Eskandian, Abdullah Hosseini; Muktafi, Muktafi; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 32 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.8569

The debate over the term “evil” is one of the most contentious issues in philosophy, as this term is considered to be antithetical to existence. Suhrawardī al-Maqtūl, a prominent Islamic theosophist, believed that evil did not exist. That which is considered evil or not evil is a suggestion for achieving good, and as such, it is also good. As a result, the term “crime” does not exist. What Suhrawardī said contrasted with John Hick’s view in the article “Theodicy of Soul Cultivation.” Hick concludes that basically evil exists, but only insofar as it is required to develop and evolve the human psyche and spirituality. After comparing the thoughts of these two figures, this article concludes that their partisan defence of God’s existence and His attributes regarding evil is what leads us to their views on the term “evil” and solutions to solve the crime. Suhrawardi and Hick both believe that the existence of evil does not preclude the existence of God because God is absolute. God is not against good or evil. What has considered evil is the judgment of one’s misunderstanding or the requirements for obtaining charity.

Integrating Mobile Health with Islamic Psychospiritual: Digital Approaches to Psychological and Spiritual Well-Being Ahmad Syahir, Aminun Nabil; Zainal Abidin, Mohd Syukri; Sa'ari, Che Zarrina; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/teosofi.2025.15.1.229-258

The rise of mobile health technologies has created new pathways for enhancing psychological and spiritual well-being. This research examines how mHealth can be aligned with Islamic psychospiritual principles to offer a comprehensive approach to mental health. By integrating digital solutions with Islamic values, mHealth applications can provide tailored mental health support and enhance spiritual resilience. Yet, these new technologies present concerns such as ethical management, safeguarding data privacy, and the risk of trivializing spiritual practices. This study examines these issues while showcasing the potential of mHealth as a means to connect traditional healthcare with faith-centered methods. The research highlights the need for appropriate digital strategies that engage religious leaders, policymakers, and mental health experts. Further studies should aim to create genuine, trust-centric frameworks that support accessibility, inclusivity, and responsible application of technology. Effectively merging mHealth with Islamic psychospiritual principles can transform mental health support, promoting a balanced and meaningful sense of well-being within Muslim communities across the globe.

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