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HUKUM ADAT SEBAGAI SARANA PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP TEMBAWANG PADA SUB SUKU DAYAK TOBAG KALIMANTAN BARAT Seko, Salfius; Lolita, Lolita; Soa, Alfonsus Hendri
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 8, Nomor 1, Oktober 2023
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v8i1.243

Abstract

ABSTRAKTembawang atau lebih dikenal sebagai temawak pada sub suku Dayak Tobag merupakan kebun yang ditanami beraneka macam buah-buahan terkadang juga ditanami pohon tertentu, misalnya ulin, sungkai, dan lain sebagainya. Tembawang ini yang memiliki banyak fungsi, baik fungsi ekologis ekonomis, sosial budaya bahkan juga menjadi simbol identitas etnisitas dan keluarga. Saat ini keberadaannya “darurat “ baik eksistensi dan keberlangsungannya. Berdasarkan kenyataan tersebut, maka kajian ini memfokuskan pada permasalahan utama, yakni bagaimana perlindungan terhadap keberadaan tembawang pada sub suku Dayak Tobag? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif eksploratif dan pendekatan action research dengan metode FGD. Penggunaan kedua metode tersebut dengan pertimbangan untuk melakukan pendalaman dan akurasi data terhadap kajian yang dilakukan. Sedangkan implementasi penelitian ini menggunakan metode FGD adalah bentuk aksi masyarakat dalam merekonstruksi dirinya ketika menghadapi suatu permasalahan sesuai kearifan lokal yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Keberadaan tembawang pada masyarakat sub suku Dayak Tobag yang terus mengalami penyusutan dari tahun ke tahun, baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas, dikarenakan alih fungsi lahan secara masif dan dampak dari pembangunan yang tidak berbasis pada konsep ekologis. Di samping kedua faktor tersebut, ketiadaan regulasi yang memberi perlindungan terhadap tembawang berkontribusi cukup besar penyusutan areal tembawang tersebut. Untuk itu, kajian ini menjadi penting guna mendorong adanya pengakuan dan perlindungan secara de facto dan de jure, baik pada masyarakat adat maupun oleh negara. Adanya aturan adat dan peraturan di tingkat desa dapat menjadi solusi di tingkat basis untuk memberi perlindungan minimum terhadap keberadaan tembawang.Kata kunci: ketentuan hukum adat; perlindungan hukum; tembawang. ABSTRACTTembawang or better known as temawak in the Tobag Dayak sub-tribe is a garden planted with various kinds of fruits, sometimes certain trees are also planted, such as ironwood, sungkai, and so on. This Tembawang has many functions, both ecological, economic, socio-cultural and even as a symbol of ethnic identity and family. Currently its existence is "emergency" both its existence and sustainability. Based on this fact, this study focuses on the main problem, namely how to protect the existence of tembawang in the Tobag Dayak sub-tribe? The research method used is explorative qualitative and an action research approach with the FGD method. The use of these two methods is with the consideration of deepening and accuracy of the data for the studies conducted. While the implementation of this research using the FGD method is a form of community action in reconstructing themselves when facing a problem according to local wisdom that lives in society. The existence of tembawang in the Tobag Dayak sub-tribe community continues to experience depreciation from year to year, both in quality and quantity, due to massive land conversion and the impact of development that is not based on ecological concepts. In addition to these two factors, the absence of regulations that provide protection for tembawang has contributed significantly to the reduction in the tembawang area. For this reason, this study is important to encourage de facto and de jure recognition and protection, both for indigenous peoples and by the state. The existence of customary rules and regulations at the village level can be a solution at the base level to provide minimum protection against the existence of tembawang.Keywords: customary law; legal protection; tembawang.
A Legal Protection Model For Handling Human Trafficking in West Kalimantan Border Azizurrahman, Syarif hasyim; Ismawati, Sri; Lolita, Lolita; Elyta, Elyta
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i1.3632

Abstract

Although it is a highly serious human crime, people trafficking still occurs, particularly in West Kalimantan's border region. West Kalimantan's border region has seen a variety of attempts to reduce human trafficking, yet the practice persists still. There is a need for a solution or model that can lessen instances of human trafficking in the West Kalimantan border region, carried out so that the parties involved are unaware of it.This study aims to develop an appropriate model for legal protection to deal with human trafficking at the border West Kalimantan. Methods of the Research, The research will be conducted at the Polres in the Sajingan and Biawak border regions, as stated in the research title. The Sajingan Besar sector's Resort Police and Border Communities are two sources of crime prevention strategies based on legal requirements, The study's findings serve as a model for public protection from human trafficking activities from the perspective of the role of law enforcement officials, the police in the border regions of Sajingan and Biawak, in particular, to combat the crime of trafficking in persons, conduct investigations, and look into cases of human trafficking that happened in the border regions of Sambas Regency, particularly Sajin. The criminal law (penal) is used by the authorities as a model of legal protection to stop human trafficking. However, there is still human trafficking that takes place. Because there are still several barriers to sentencing that do not take into account the elements of a crime. The unlawful behavior in place does not yet constitute the TIP factor. Using criminal law policies and cultural norms to carry out criminal crimes like human trafficking, protecting the public, and implementing coordination with illegal law enforcement policies all help to enhance efforts to combat corruption
PENDAPAT ULAMA TERHADAP HAK AHLI WARIS AL-KHUNTSA (KELAMIN GANDA) PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS Anisa, Kholifatun; Djun’astuti, Erni; Agus, Agus; Lolita, Lolita
Tanjungpura Legal Review Vol 2, No 2 (2024): Tanjungpura Legal Review
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tlr.v2i2.77755

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to obtain data and information, law, legal status, and opinions of ulama regarding the rights of heirs of al-khuntsa (ambiguous genitalia) who have undergone surgery as women but whose subsequent biological development has become men in the perspective of Islamic law in Regency society. Sambas. This research uses descriptive empirical legal research methods with direct communication techniques in the form of interviews. The results of the research reached that if clarity on khuntsa affairs is no longer awaited then khuntsa takes the middle ground between the men's part and the women's part. So if the heir is an al-khuntsa who has had surgery as a woman then she is counted as a woman, and vice versa. The law for al-khuntsa who have undergone surgery is permitted to undergo genital surgery with the aim of repair or perfection so that it has an impact on the al-khuntsa itself, namely gaining clarity on its identity or legal status. The legal status for al-khuntsa heirs must be adjusted to the condition or genitals that occurred after surgery or the last surgery. Therefore, the scholars in Sambas Regency agree that al-khuntsa (ambiguous genitalia) who have undergone surgery as women but whose subsequent biological development becomes men (grow a mustache, beard, Adam's apple, deep voice, broad chest and broad shoulders ) suggested doing the operation again to get clarity on identity. So if the al-khuntsa undergoes surgery once again to become a man, he will each receive 1 share along with his brothers, but if the khuntsa does not undergo the operation again, he will still be counted as a woman, in accordance with KHI article 176, namely the share boys are two to one with girls.ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi, hukum, status hukum, serta pendapat ulama terhadap hak ahli waris al-khuntsa (kelamin ganda) yang telah melakukan operasi sebagai perempuan tetapi perkembangan biologis selanjutnya menjadi laki-laki dalam perspektif hukum Islam di masyarakat Kabupaten Sambas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik komunikasi langsung berupa wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang dicapai bahwa apabila kejelasan urusan khuntsa tidak ditunggu lagi maka khuntsa mengambil pertengahan antara bagian laki-laki dan bagian perempuan. Sehingga jika ahli waris adalah al-khuntsa yang sudah melakukan operasi sebagai perempuan maka dihitung sebagai perempuan, begitu pun sebaliknya. Hukum bagi al-khuntsa yang telah melakukan operasi diperbolehkan melakukan operasi kelamin dengan tujuan untuk perbaikan atau penyempurnaan sehingga memberikan dampak bagi al-khuntsa nya sendiri yakni mendapatkan kejelasan identitas ataupun status hukumnya. Status hukum bagi ahli waris al-khuntsa ialah harus disesuaikan dengan kondisi atau alat kelamin yang terakhir pasca operasi atau operasi terakhir. Oleh karena itu, Para ulama yang ada di Kabupaten Sambas sepakat bahwa al-khuntsa (kelamin ganda) yang sudah melakukan operasi sebagai perempuan tetapi perkembangan biologis selanjutnya menjadi laki-laki (tumbuh kumis, janggut, jakun, suara berat, dada bidang dan bahu lebar) menyarankan untuk melakukan operasi sekali lagi untuk mendapatkan kejelasan identitas. Sehingga jika al-khuntsa tersebut melakukan operasi sekali lagi menjadi laki-laki maka akan mendapat masing-masing 1 bagian bersama saudara laki-lakinya, namun jika khuntsa tidak melakukan operasi sekali lagi, akan tetap terhitung sebagai perempuan maka sesuai dengan KHI pasal 176 yakni bagian anak laki-laki adalah dua berbanding satu dengan anak perempuan.
Co-Authors AGUS AGUS Andayani, Tri M. Andriana Sari Anisa, Kholifatun Armilia Riza Azis Ikhsanudin Bhisma Murti Burhanudin Arif Nurnugroho Dian Ariesta Yuwaningsih Djun’astuti, Erni Dona Alicia Elyta Elyta Fasyir, Syaima' Rihan Fauzia Fauzia Gunanti, Faril Hanisari, Putri Katz, Michael D Khoirot, Asiilah Fatihatul Kurniawati, Lindha Larasati, Febrilla Ayu Ligawa, Yuniar Nabilla Lutfan Budi Purnomo, Lutfan Budi Luthfiah Saraswati, Hasna Makwa, Nidaul Mas Ulfah Lestari, Mas Ulfah Muhammad Muhlis Nabila, Nabila Novitasari, Putri Rachma Puspitasari, Kartini Qahar Awaka, Muhammad Rachmawati Rachmawati Raharjo, Satriyo Dwi Ramdhani, Merry Rozak, Miftahul Rungprai, Daraporn Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Seko, Salfius Sholiha, Diniar Mar’atus Soa, Alfonsus Hendri Sri Ismawati Sukmaningtyas, Rachmawati Syarif Hasyim Azizurrahman Syarifah, Nur Bidayah Tajjudin, Saiful Nizam Tri Hastuti, Haadiyatul Triandika, Rifaldy Trimurti Andayani, Trimurti Yaniza, Tiza yulia lanti retno dewi