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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan, Industri, Kesehatan) Jurnal Profesi Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Madani : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat SEGARA : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat JPM (Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat) Ruwa Jurai
Muttia Amalia
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND FREQUENCY VARIATIONS ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATES AGAINST Salmonella typhi Kenza Anggita Vindasari; Meiskha Bahar; Fajriati Zulfa; Muttia Amalia
BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Biolink February
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/biolink.v12i2.15882

Abstract

Salmonella typhi is a negative Gram bacteria that causes typhoid fever and requires alternative therapeutic approaches due to increasing antibiotic resistance. Actinomycetes are known as producers of secondary metabolites with high, stable, and adaptive antibacterial activity; however, their effectiveness is strongly influenced by the extraction method of bioactive compounds. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) has the potential to enhance extraction efficiency through cavitation effects and frequency variation, which has not been widely explored. This study aimed to determine the effect of different UAE frequencies (30 kHz, 40 kHz, and 50 kHz) on the ability of Actinomycetes isolates to inhibit the growth of S. typhi. Extraction was performed using UAE at three different frequencies. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the well diffusion method on Nutrient Agar medium. The diameter of inhibition zones was measured using a digital caliper and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. The mean inhibition zone diameters at 30 kHz, 40 kHz, and 50 kHz were 4.42 mm, 4.00 mm, and 5.76 mm, respectively. Based on the Davis and Stout classification, the 30 kHz and 40 kHz treatments were categorized as weak (<5 mm), whereas 50 kHz was classified as moderate (5–10 mm). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatment groups (p < 0.05). These differences affected the effectiveness of Actinomycetes  in inhibiting the growth of S. typhi. The 50 kHz frequency exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, with the largest inhibition zone diameter indicating optimal efficiency in the release of secondary metabolite compounds.
Co-Authors Afifah, Delta Aulia Aulia Chairani Ayu Ulan Rizki Ayu Ulan Rizki, Ayu Ulan Basuki Supartono Bustaman, Nurfitri Cholid Cholid Cholid Cholid, Cholid Cut Fauziah Erna Harfiani Fajriati Zulfa Hikmah Muktamiroh Kenza Anggita Vindasari M. Yogi Riyantama Isjoni Maria Selvester Thadeus Meiskha Bahar Mulia, Maulidia Nahdah Aidah Retno Yulianti Simanjuntak, Kristina Soroy Lardo Tiwuk Susantiningsih Tuty Rizkianti Yanto Sandy Tjang