Aron Meko Mbete
Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana

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Journal : E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

RESISTANCE OF KATOBENGKE ETHNIC PEOPLE TO HEGEMONY OF TRADITIONAL ELITES IN BAUBAU CITY SOUTH EAST SULAWESI Dirman, La Ode; Kumbara, A.A. Ngurah Anom; Mbete, Aron Meko; Mudanu, I Gede Mudana
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 3 (2015): Volume 8, Number 3, August 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The Katobengke ethnic group is one of the sub Buton ethnic groups which has been marginalized since the new order. When the reformation era started, they resisted the system of the knowledge which the traditional elites had. This present study was intended to understand the practice of resistance shown by the Katobengke people to the hegemony of the traditional elites based on the historical history and its implication on themselves and the traditional elites. It can be theoretically used as a model and a new concept and method of the development of the cultural studies. It can practically give input to the government as to the empowerment of the marginalized people using their local genius and maintenance of their cultural identity. The result of the present study shows that the resistance shown by the Katobengke people to the traditional elites through the mythological discourse of identity; symbolic resistance and physical violence; the factors contributing to the resistance were discrimination of identity, stigmatization of the Indonesian Communist Party ‘Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI), the slave stereotype, the traditional taboo; the implication of the resistance is that the sultanate ideology was ineffective any longer to the Katobengke people’s interest, the appearance of new stratification, resistance to the traditional stereotype and taboo, the change in traditional costume, La Ode was used as the title, change in profession from becoming farmers into working as providers of services, and spirituality were used for political communication.
STEREOTYPE OF MADURESE ETHNIC PEOPLE MADE BY JAVANESE ETHNIC PEOPLE THROUGH HUMORS Tabrani, Akhmad Tabrani; Mbete, Aron Meko; Suastika, I Made Suastika; Mariyah, Emiliana Mariyah
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This study was inspired by several things such as (1) there was a negative impression on the Madurese ethnic people’s attitude and behavior, (2) the conflict taking place between the Madurese ethnic people and the other ethnic groups which resulted from the wrong impression on the Madurese ethnic people, (3) there was a close contact between the attitude and behavior of the Madurese ethnic people and the attitude and behavior of the other ethnic peoples outside Madura. This present study was intended to identify the form, factor, and impact of the stereotype of the Madurese ethnic people made by the Javanese ethnic people through humors. The data in the present study were collected through in-depth interview, observation, documentary study, and library research. There were several factors which contributed to the stereotype of the Madurese ethnic people made by the Javanese ethnic people through humors such as (a) education, (b) legitimacy of violence, (c) ideology, (d) the resistance of the Madurese ethnic people to the Javanese ethnic people, and (e) the Madurese people’s attitude and behavior. The stereotype on the Madurese ethnic people was created to give an inaccurate image although to some extent it was true. The ethnical humor leads to ethnical stereotype. The ethnical humor, which, in this case, was created by the dominant ethnic people, which, in this case, the Javanese ethnic people, contained satire, dislike, hatred, insulting, praise, and resistance of the Madurese ethnic people to the Javanese ethnic people.
RITUAL AS POLITICS: RAJU CULTURAL PRACTICE IN PLURAL SOCIETY OF MBAWA, WEST NUSA TENGGARA Wahid, Abdul Wahid; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Mbete, Aron Meko; Mariyah, Emiliana Mariyah
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Since the New Order government the religious politics has obliged residents to adhere to one of the five official religions, causing the Mbawa society to be a plural one. They have welcome Christianity and Islam, but they still maintain their old belief, that is, Parafu. Movements have appeared in the society. The people were between peace and conflict. The last movements led to violence, taking place in 1969, 1972, and 2000. The Raju cultural practice is maintained within the context of Islamic and Christian contestations, and has been used as the arena of cultural fight. This present study discusses how the Raju ritual frees itself and its supporting people from the conflict, and how it is transformed into a means of supervising peace. The perspective of the critical theory was used in the present study to explore the texts of the Mbawa society. The discourse analysis was used to guide the discussion. Based on the fieldwork done at Mbawa from 2011 to 2014, several constructions of the Raju cultural practices were found. First, the Raju practice refers to the maintenance of identity and supremacy of the Mbawa society as conserver of the ancestor’s tradition; second, the Raju cultural practice functions as a mechanism of internal solidarity, so horizontal conflict can be avoided; and third, the Raju cultural practice plays a role as a means of revealing the “resistance” to as well as “acceptance” of the other people’s cultural domination. The finding of the study gives better understanding of the tradition-based management of conflict. It is such a character which, to some extent, has caused the Raju cultural practice to be the practice of management conflict. The significant cultural position of the Mbawa plural society could be identified from the discursive space and its potential as means of communication.