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All Journal e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan Dentika Dental Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat STOMATOGNATIC- Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi UNEJ e-Proceeding Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Health Notions Meditory : The Journal of Medical Laboratory Jurnal Pengabdian Nasional (JPN) Indonesia

Zahara Meilawaty

Department Of Biomedical, Faculty Of Dentistry, Universitas Jember, Jember, East Java

Author-ID : 319110

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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THE PROGRESSIVE LOW CHRONIC INFLAMMATION ON ORAL TISSUES IN ELDERLY Zahreni Hamzah; Dyah Indartin; Zahara Meilawaty
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Aging is a normal process, as inevitable biologicalphenomenon. Generally, this process characterizedby a decrease in the ability of resolution,regeneration, and reparation of cell and tissues, So,those cells and tissues cannot function properly andits will grow up and die.(1) WHO reports that thepopulation of elderly people worldwide increases by1.7% annually, whereas the population of peopleaged ≥ 65 years old increases by 2.5%. WHOclassified the elderly based on their chronologic/biologic state in 4 groups: (1) the middle age ranged45-59 years old, (2) the older/elderly age ranged 60-74 years old, (3) the advanced old age ranged 75-90years old, and (4) the very old age over 90 years old.Generally, elders ≥ 65 years old have healthproblems as effects of aging process. That meansthey need to have a special concern about theirhealth condition include in dental care.(2,3)Low, systemic and progressive chronic inflammationin elderly age is called inflammaging. This conditioncan occur as the effects of injury on cells andtissues.(4,5) There are some factors that cause injuryon cells, such as; hypoxia, chemical materials (toxins,drugs), physical agents (mechanical trauma,temperature, sudden changes in atmosphericpressure, radiation, electrical potency), microbiologyagents (virus, microbes, fungi), immune systemdisorder, genetic disorder, or malnutrition. Whenthe cells got injuries, there are some possibilityreactions on cells and tissues, e.g. retrogressivereaction, progressive reaction; and adaptationreaction. The main cause and the response towardsinflammaging that linked to illness are stillunknown.(6)

ROLE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES ON DEVELOPMENTS OF OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS IN AGING Dyah Indartin Setyowati; Zahreni Hamzah; Zahara Meilawaty
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Osteogenesis is a process of development which is perfectly controlled by a number of extrinsic and instrinsic factors that consists of hormones, growth factors, cytokines produced in the bone marrow micro environment, due to process of molecules adhesion that mediate by the interaction of cells and cell-matrix, osteoblasts-specific signaling proteins and transcription factors (TFs). Recently, research explained that adherence osteoclasts on the bone surface and secretion of protons into an extracellular compartment between osteoclasts and bone surface together with the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) involved in the complex process of bone resorption. Superoxide role in the activation and transcription NF-κB factor is to increase osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, it is alleged that ROS is involved in both differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblast cell. Aging and diseases which associated with aging is a result of ROS that cause damage was reported increase with age. This review, which is dedicated to geriatric physicians, geriatric dentistry or gerodontology reviews ROS-related osteoclastogenesis in aging and as the basic of the research to determine benefit of ROS through NADPH oxidase activation in the osteopetrotic case.

Efek ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot utilissima) terhadap ekspresi COX-2 pada monosit yang dipapar LPS E.coli (The effect of Manihot utilissima extracts on COX-2 expression of monocytes induced by LPS E. coli) Zahara Meilawaty
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Periodontal disease is a common and widespread disease in the community. Gram negative bacteria have a role inperiodontitis. These bacteria secrete a variety of products such as endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which causes the occurrenceof inflammation or infection. The body defense responses are neutrophils and mononuclear cells (monocytes and macrophages). Inresponse to defense mechanism, the body will be expressed enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) which functions convert arachidonic acidto prostaglandins. Cassava leaf cells known to play a role in reducing inflammation, but the mechanism for inhibiting COX-2, is notknown. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the effect of cassava leaf extract (Manihot utilissima) on expression of enzyme COX-2 in monocytes which were exposed by LPS E. coli. Methods: This study was in vitro experimental studies with the design of posttestonly control group design. The sample was the cassava leaves extract (Manihot utilissima) at concentration of 12.5 % and 25 %. Theexpression of COX-2 was determined by immunocytochemistry method. Isolated monocytes were incubated in cassava leaf extract, andthen exposed to LPS, after washing imunostaning procedure was performed using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) anti-human COX-2.The research data was the number of monocytes that express COX-2. Results: Expression of COX-2 in the group cassava leaf extractwas higher than the group that induced by LPS E. coli only. Conclusion: Cassava leaf extract did not inhibit the expression of COX-2in monocytes which were exposed by LPS E. coli.Latar belakang: Penyakit periodontal merupakan penyakit umum dan tersebar luas di masyarakat. Bakteri yang banyak berperanpada periodontitis adalah Gram negatif. Bakteri ini mengeluarkan berbagai produk antara lain endotoksin lipopolisakarida (LPS) yangmenyebabkan inflamasi atau infeksi. Respon pertahanan tubuh pertama adalah netrofil dan sel mononuklear (monosit dan makrofag).Pada respon pertahanan tubuh akan diekspresikan enzim siklooksigenase (COX) yang berfungsi mengubah asam arakidonat menjadiprostaglandin. Daun singkong diketahui berperan dalam menurunkan sel radang, tetapi mekanisme dalam menghambat COX-2, belumdiketahui. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti ekstrak daun singkong terhadap ekspresi enzim COX-2 pada monosit yangdipapar LPS E. coli. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental in vitro dengan rancangan The posttest only control groupdesign. Sampel adalah ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot utilissima) dengan dosis 12,5% dan 25%. Ekspresi COX-2 diteliti denganmetode imunositokimia. Isolat monosit diinkubasi ekstrak daun singkong, kemudian dipapar LPS, setelah pencucian kemudian dilakukanprosedur imunostaning menggunakan antibodi monoklonal (Mab) anti human COX-2. Data penelitian adalah jumlah monosit yang mengekspresikan COX-2.Hasil: Ekspresi COX-2 pada kelompok ekstrak daun singkong lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok yang hanyadiinduksi LPS E.coli. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun singkong tidak menghambat ekspresi COX-2 pada monosit yang dipapar LPS E. coli.

The role of probiotic on alveolar bone resorption Desi Sandra Sari; Zahara Meilawaty; M. Nurul Amin
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Probiotics are microbes derived from the group of lactic acid bacteria that work to maintain the health of hosts. Probiotics can also be used to improve oral health. Periodontal disease is usually marked with gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Gram negative anaerobic bacteria that play important role in human periodontal disease are Porphyromonas gingivalis. (P. gingivalis). P. gingivalis is a virulent bacteria in vivo or in vitro, and mostly found in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients. Purpose: This study is aimed to know the role of probiotics to inhibit the resorption of alveolar bone induced with P. gingivalis. Methods: This study used male wistar rats divided into 4 groups. Group I was control group (without treatment); group II was induced with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 for 5 days; group III was induced with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and also injected with probiotics (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) for 5 days simultaneously; and group IV was induced with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 for 5 days and also injected by probiotics (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) in the next 5 days. After that, the samples were decapitated, taken their alveolar bone, and then were examined by immunohistochemistry to observe osteoclast activity in alveolar bone resorption by using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) expression. All data were then analyzed statistically. Results: It is known that there were significant differences of TRAP expression among all those treatment groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It then can be concluded that probiotics can decrease osteoclast activity in periodontal tissue of wistar rats, so it can inhibit alveolar bone resorption.Latar belakang: Probiotik adalah mikroba dari golongan bakteri asam laktat yang bekerja mempertahankan kesehatan host dan probiotik dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kesehatan rongga mulut. Penyakit periodontal ditandai dengan adanya keradangan pada gingiva dan resobsi tulang alveolar. Bakteri Gram negatif anaerob yang sangat berperan dengan penyakit periodontal pada manusia adalah Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). P. gingivalis merupakan bakteri yang virulen, baik diuji secara in vivo maupun in vitro, dan banyak ditemukan pada plak subgingiva penderita periodontitis. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran probiotik dalam menghambat resorbsi tulang alveolar yang diinduksi P.gingivalis. Metode: Penelitian ini memakai tikus jenis wistar jantan sebagai sampel dan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: Kelompok I yaitu kontrol tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II di induksi P.gingivalis ATCC 33277 selama 5 hari; Kelompok III di induksi P.gingivalis ATCC 33277 ditambah suntikan probiotik (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) selama 5 hari secara bersamaan; dan Kelompok IV di induksi P.gingivalis ATCC 33277 selama 5 hari ditambah suntikan probiotik (Lactobacillus casei ATCC 4224) 5 hari selanjutnya. Setelah itu sampel didekaputasi, diambil tulang alveolar dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia untuk melihat aktivitas osteoklas dalam resopsi tulang alveolar dengan mendeteksi tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara statistik. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antar kelompok untuk ekspresi TRAP (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa probiotik dapat menurunkan aktivitas osteoklas pada wistar tikus yang mengalami periodontitis sehingga dapat mencegah resorbsi tulang alveol.

Effect of Cassave leaf flavonoid extract on TNF-α expressions in rat models suffering from periodontitis Zahara Meilawaty; Banun Kusumawardani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 49 No. 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Bacteria playing a role in periodontitis are Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that can release endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS acts as a stimulus to a variety of host cells that can stimulate expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in periodontal disease, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Increased TNF-α then can lead to periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, cassava leaves have many health benefits due to flavonoid organic compound contained, known to possess anti-inflammatory activity are used as a medicine. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of cassava leaf flavonoid extract as a basic ingredient of anti-inflammatory gel on TNF-α expression in Wistar rats suffering from periodontitis induced with Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS. Method: This study used 24 male Wistar rats. Those rats were divided into six groups. Group 1 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. Group 2 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. Group 3 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 25%, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. Group 4 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 25%, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. Group 5 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 50%, and then decapitation was performed on day 3. And, group 6 consisted of four rats induced with E. coli LPS for 2 weeks, treated with the topical Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel (Manihot esculenta) at a concentration of 50%, and then decapitation was conducted on day 7. The topical Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel was inserted into gingival sulcus on the first right molar of their lower jaw by using a blunted syringe needle. The gel was given two times a day for 7 days. Result: The expression of TNF-α in the control group was more than that in the treatment groups given the Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentrations of 25% and 50%. The expression of TNF-α in the treatment groups given the cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentration of 50% was lower than that in the treatment groups given the cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel at the concentration of 25%. Conclusion: Cassava leaf flavonoid extract gel could be used as an anti-inflammatory gel characterized by a decrease in TNF-α expression in rat models suffering from periodontitis.

Oral health profile of the elderly people in the Pandalungan community Amandia Dewi Permana Shita; Zahreni Hamzah; Zahara Meilawaty; Tecky Indriana; Ari Tri Wanodyo Handayani; Dyah Indartin Setyowati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 53 No. 4 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v53.i4.p217-222

Background: The Pandalungan community is a unique community established through the assimilation of two dominant cultures: the Javanese and Madurese. Both of these communities created a community with a new culture called the Pandalungan community culture. The people of this community live in coastal, rural and urban areas. Generally, research on the uniqueness in the oral health behaviour of the Pandalungan community has not been conducted since the oral health practices of the Pandalungan community are considered to be the same as that of the Javanese community. Purpose: In order to develop programmes for oral health prevention, this research aims at comparing the oral health profiles of the elderly (classified as per age) living in the rural and urban areas in the Jember Regency. Methods: The research employs a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of the research were selected on the basis of the total number of elderly people who attended the monthly meetings of the Karang Werda (those not willing to participate in the study were excluded). The study was conducted by organising extensive interviews, performing observations and intraoral examinations. Each group was classified into three subgroups on the basis of age: pre-elderly, elderly and high-risk elderly. The intraoral examination conducted included the oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), the number of teeth missing, the depth of the pocket and the number of all functional tooth units (all-FTU). Results: The oral health profile of people in the rural community was poor when compared to the oral health profile of people living in the urban community (by accounting for nearly all the variables in the examination). Conclusion: The oral health profile of the elderly people in the Pandalungan community was poor. Adequate prevention and care are essential to maintain the oral health of people in the Pandalungan community.

Potensi ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) terhadap ekspresi MMP-8 fibroblas gingiva pada model tikus dengan disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitisPotential of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf extract on the MMP-8 expression of gingival fibroblast in rats model with ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis Zahara Meilawaty; Amandia Dewi Permana Shita; Paramudibta Lungit Kuncaraningtyas; Agustin Wulan Suci Dharmayanti; Zahreni Hamzah
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 32, No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v32i2.27466

Pendahuluan: Disfungsi ovarium merupakan kondisi yang menimbulkan defisiensi hormon estrogen dan progesteron. Penurunan hormonal ini menyebabkan peningkatan produksi tumor necrosis factor (TNF) yang dapat memicu peningkatan produksi matriks metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). Periodontitis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri gram negatif akan memicu makrofag melepaskan TNF-α yang berkontribusi dalam pembentukan MMP-8. MMP-8 ini berperan dalam degradasi kolagen jaringan ikat gingiva. Meningkatnya MMP-8 dapat menyebabkan terjadinya periodontitis. Gejala periodontitis karena disfungsi ovarium dan induksi bakteri ini dapat diperlambat dengan bahan alam, yaitu daun singkong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) terhadap ekspresi MMP-8 fibroblas pada model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitis. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan post-test only control group design. Sampel yang digunakan adalah tikus Sprague-Dawley betina yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok yaitu (1) kelompok kontrol (K), (2) Kelompok yang diinduksi bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan diberi aquades, (3) Kelompok yang diinduksi bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan diberi ekstrak daun singkong, (4) Kelompok yang diberi perlakuan ovariektomi dan diberi aquades, (5) Kelompok yang dilakukan ovariektomi dan diberi ekstrak daun singkong. Pengambilan jaringan gingiva setelah tahap euthanasia dilakukan untuk pembuatan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Pengamatan dan penghitungan ekspresi MMP-8 dilakukan dengan menggunakan software ImageJ dan Immunoratio. Hasil: Hasil analisis data one-way ANOVA, ekspresi MMP-8 fibroblas gingiva menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,000). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun singkong dapat menurunkan ekspresi MMP-8 fibroblas gingiva tikus yang mengalami disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitis diinduksi P. gingivalis. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dapat menurunkan ekspresi MMP-8 sel fibroblas gingiva pada model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitis.Kata kunci: Disfungsi ovarium, periodontitis, ekspresi MMP-8, ekstrak daun singkong. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Ovarian dysfunction is a condition that causes estrogen and progesterone deficiency. This hormonal decrease causes an increase in the production of Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF), which can trigger an increase in the production of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). Periodontitis caused by gram-negative bacteria will trigger macrophages to release TNF-α, which contributes to the formation of MMP-8. MMP-8 plays a role in collagen degradation of the gingival connective tissue. An increase in MMP-8 can cause periodontitis. Periodontitis symptoms due to ovarian dysfunction and bacterial induction can be slowed down by natural ingredients, such as cassava leaf. The purpose of this study was to analyse the potential of cassava leaf extract (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on MMP-8 expression of gingival fibroblast in rats model with ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design. The samples were female Sprague-Dawley rats divided into five groups: (1) control group (K); (2) Porphyromonas gingivalis induced group and given aquadest; (3) Porphyromonas gingivalis induced and given cassava leaf extract; (4) Group with ovariectomy treatment and given aquadest; (5) Group with ovariectomy treatment and given cassava leaf extract. Gingival tissue retrieval after the euthanasia was carried out for the histopathology preparations by immunohistochemical staining. Observation and calculation of MMP-8 expressions were performed using ImageJ and Immunoratio software. Results: The results of the one-way ANOVA analysis of MMP-8 expression of gingival fibroblasts showed a significant difference (p = 0.000); thus cassava leaf extract reduce the MMP-8 expression of gingival fibroblasts of rats with ovarian dysfunction and P. gingivalis induced periodontitis. Conclusion: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf extract can reduce the MMP-8 expression of gingival fibroblast cells in rats’ model with ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis.Keywords: Ovarian dysfunction, periodontitis, MMP-8 expression, cassava leaf extract.

Potensi ekstrak daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) terhadap profil leukosit darah tepi model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitisPotential of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) extract on peripheral blood leukocyte profile in ovary dysfunction and periodontitis rat model Lutfi Meiga Sari; Zahara Meilawaty; Pudji Astuti; Amandia Dewi Permana Shita; Agustin Wulan Suci Dharmayanti; Zahreni Hamzah
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 33, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v33i1.30751

Pendahuluan: Disfungsi ovarium merupakan keadaan ovarium yang mengalami kegagalan dalam sekresi hormon seks steroid. Penurunan sekresi hormon terutama estrogen dapat memicu peningkatan sitokin proinflamasi seperti IL-1, IL-6 dan TNF-α yang berperan dalam resorpsi tulang dan reaksi inflamasi periodontal. Salah satu drug of choice dari periodontitis adalah metronidazole. Penggunaan metronidazole secara sistemik dapat mengakibatkan efek samping, sehingga diperlukan bahan alternatif yang memiliki efek terapi antiinflamasi. Salah satu tanaman yang memiliki efek antiinflamasi adalah daun Singkong. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis potensi ekstrak daun Singkong sebagai antiinflamasi terhadap profil leukosit darah tepi model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitis. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 18 ekor tikus betina yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok besar yakni kelompok disfungsi ovarium dan kelompok kecil periodontitis. Pembuatan model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan tikus periodontitis dilakukan selama 28 hari. Setelah masing-masing kelompok dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yang diberikan perlakuan aquades, metronidazole dan ekstrak daun Singkong selama 7 hari. Setiap tikus diambil darahnya melalui plexus infraorbitalis pada hari ke-1, hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7. Darah yang diambil selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan jumlah sel leukosit darah tepi menggunakan kamar hitung dan perhitungan jenis dengan cara visual. Hasil: Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna jumlah leukosit darah tepi antar hari pada kelompok tikus yang mengalami disfungsi ovarium (p≤0,05). Simpulan: Ekstrak daun Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dapat menurunkan profil leukosit perifer model tikus disfungsi ovarium dan periodontitis.Kata kunci: Disfungsi ovarium, periodontitis, profil leukosit perifer, ekstrak daun singkong. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Ovarian dysfunction is when the ovaries fail in the secretion of steroid sex hormones. Decreased secretion of hormones, especially estrogen, can trigger an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α, which play a role in bone resorption and periodontal inflammatory reactions. One drug of choice for periodontitis is metronidazole. Systemic use of metronidazole can cause side effects, so an alternative material with a therapeutic anti-inflammatory effect is needed. One of the plants that have an anti-inflammatory effect is cassava leaves. The research objective was to analyse the potential of cassava leaf extract as an anti-inflammatory against the peripheral blood leukocyte profile in a mouse model of ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study with a post-test only control group design. The research sample consisted of 18 female rats divided into two large groups: the ovarian dysfunction group and the small periodontitis group. The making of mouse models of ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis rats was carried out for 28 days. After each group was divided into three groups treated with distilled water, metronidazole and cassava leaf extract for seven days. Blood was drawn from each mouse through the infraorbital plexus on day 1, day three, and 7. The blood that was taken was then performed to calculate the number of peripheral blood leukocytes using the counting room and the calculation of the type by visual means. Results: The results of the LSD test showed that there was a significant difference in the number of peripheral blood leukocytes between days in the group of rats with ovarian dysfunction (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Cassava leaf extract (Manihot esculenta Crantz) can reduce the profile of peripheral leukocytes in a mouse model of ovarian dysfunction and periodontitis.Keywords: Ovarian dysfunction, periodontitis, peripheral leukocytes profile, cassava leaf extract.

PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK METANOLIK GETAH BIDURI (Calotropis gigantea) TERHADAP KETEBALAN EPITEL GINGIVA TIKUS WISTAR Zahara Meilawaty
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 9 No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Background: Biduri is a shrub plant sap. The sap extract of this plant can be used to treat inflammation and accelerate wound healing. Objective: Determine the effect of sap extract metanolic biduri of gingival wound healing in wistar rats of thickness epithelium seen histological. Methods: The study used 48 wistar rats. All rat were given injury on their gingival using punch biopsy, further more divided into 4 groups, (1) control (-), given no medication; (2) control (+), given ibuprofen; (3) treatment group, given the extract of sap of biduri 50 mg / kg bw; (4) treatment group, given the extract of sap of biduri 500 mg / kg bw. Furthermore, each of 3 rats in all groups performed decaputation on the on the 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 15th day’s after injury to take the mandible, after that the histological observation were done. The data were analyzed by two way Anova test, was continued by LSD test. Results: there were significant differences in epithelial thickness in all groups (p<0,05). Conclusion: The methanolic extract of the sap of biduri able to increase the number of rat gingival epithelial thickness so as to accelerate wound healing

Gambaran Tingkat Keparahan Karies Gigi Anak Sekolah Dasar di 10 Kecamatan Kabupaten Jember Ristya Widi Endah Yani; Hestieyonini Hadnyanawati; Kiswaluyo Kiswaluyo; Zahara Meilawaty
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 12 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Until todays, dental caries disease is a major problem in a child's oral cavity. Children aged 6-10 years old are vulnerable to dental and oral diseases. The aim of this study was to describe the severity of dental caries in primary school children in 10 districts in Jember. An observational study with cross sectional approach was conducted in July-September 2015. Accidental sampling was 102 children of primary school grade 1 to grade 6 in 10 districts in Jember (Ambulu, Balung, Ledokombo, Tanggul, Mayang, Gumukmas, Jenggawah, Pakusari, Rambipuji and Sukorambi). The variables studied were deciduous tooth caries with four categories of severity i.e. pulp irritation (IP), pulp hyperemia (HP), gangrene of the pulp (GP), gangrene roots (GR). Data were presented in descriptive research results with a frequency distribution table and a bar chart. The results showed that most cases of primary teeth were gangrene tooth root 626 (38.1%), subsequently gangrene dental pulp 454 (27.7%), 360 dental pulp hyperemia (21.9%), and cases of irritation of the pulp were at least 202 teeth (12.3%). The high incidence of gangrene roots caused by deciduous teeth which have a tendency to be more susceptible to the development of caries lesions, lack of knowledge, awareness and motivation of parents of the importance of maintaining oral hygiene, the transition period the child's diet between home-cooked meals with school meals, which tend to choose cariogenic foods.

Co-Authors Agustin Wulan Suci Dharmayanti Alisah, Putri Alisah Amandia Dewi Permana Shita Amandia Dewi Permana Shita Amelia Nur Ilahi Ari Tri Wanodyo Handayani Banun Kusumawardani Budi Prabowo Budi Prabowo Desi Sandra Sari Desi Sandrasari Dessy Rachmawati Dhea Ayu Dewanti Dyah Indartin Dyah Indartin Setyowati Ernie Maduratna Setiawatie Galau, Argha Sirna Galdhisia Devita Caresya Happy Harmono Hendy Hendarto Hestieyonini Hadnyanawati Kholidiya, Wulan Ratna Nur Kiswaluyo . Lutfi Meiga Sari M. Nurul Amin Muhammad Nurul Amin Nabilla, Purry Roro Nulend, Jenneke Klein Octaviana Putri Puspita Sari Oktavia Nur Vitasari Paramudibta Lungit Kuncaraningtyas Permatasari, Sabania Dinar Pradnyani, Ni Luh Kadek Ardhia Swari Prafitasari, Dinar Pudji Astuti PUDJI ASTUTI Ratna Dewanti, I Dewa Ayu Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya Rido Tri Andika Firdyansyach Ristya Widi Endah Yani Rothschildi, Dhesyarmani Putri Sari Setyaningsih Tantin Ermawati Tecky Indriana Widodo, Alaya Dwi Salvahira Yunianti, Ervisya Nandya Zahreni Hamzah Ziaulhaq, Mochamad Najib

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