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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)
Anna Meiliana
Department Of Pharmacology And Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor 45363
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Therapeutic Potential of Gut Microbiota in Hypertension: Mechanisms of Immune Modulation and Inflammation Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i4.3565

Abstract

Emerging evidence links gut dysbiosis to numerous ailments, including hypertension and metabolic diseases. Multi-omics techniques have revealed that hypertensive individuals exhibit distinct alterations in their gut bacterial composition and metabolite profiles. The gut microbiome influences blood pressure through several mechanisms. For instance, microbiota-derived metabolites can have beneficial effects, such as those from short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), or detrimental ones, like trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). These molecules modulate downstream signaling pathways via G protein-coupled receptors or direct immune cell activation. Furthermore, dysbiosis can compromise the gut epithelial barrier, leading to systemic inflammation that activates key regulatory pathways like the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the autonomic nervous system, and the immune system. Given these connections, the gut microbiome is a promising therapeutic target for hypertension. This review explores the potential of modulating the gut microbiota to manage blood pressure, focusing on the underlying mechanisms of immune modulation, inflammation, and microbial metabolites. By focusing on the 'how' rather than the 'what' of hypertension, it is identified that immune-mediated inflammation is orchestrated by the gut microbiota, as the core mechanism driving the disease. Gut dysbiosis is triggered by environmental factors like high-salt diets, perpetuates a pro-inflammatory state that undermines the efficacy of conventional antihypertensive drugs and contributes to treatment-resistant hypertension. Consequently, modulating the gut microbiota through targeted interventions, including dietary fiber, probiotics, and fecal transplantation, might represents a critical evolution in treatment. This approach moves beyond managing symptoms to directly correcting the inflammatory dysfunction at the heart of the disease, offering a powerful strategy to complement existing therapies.KEYWORDS: hypertension, inflammation, gut microbiota, metabolite
Mesenchymal Stem Cell–derived Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Therapeutic Strategy for Diabetic Wound Healing Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i6.3407

Abstract

One of the most serious side effects of diabetes is diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). It is a severe and extremely morbid illness that has been linked to higher mortality on its own. The development of effective wound therapeutics in the future may be influenced by our current and developing understanding of wound pathophysiology. By reestablishing cellular functioning, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), a crucial medium for intercellular communications, exhibit encouraging therapeutic potential in the treatment of DFU. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived exosomes and engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the potential to aid in the healing of wounds. Along with encouraging the growth and stimulation of endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, they also have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. They help prevent damaged cells from dying, revitalize senescent cells, and boost angiogenesis. MSC-EVs can be a safe, effective and ethical therapy for DFU by increasing M2 macrophages polarization, improving the proliferation, reducing scar, and improving angiogenesis.KEYWORDS: mesenchymal stem cell, extracellular vesicle, diabetic wound, wound healing
Molecular Mechanisms of Methylglyoxal in Diabetes-related Macrovascular Complications Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i5.3242

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine and metabolic disease indicated by the presence of hyperglycemia. It has been known that hyperglycemia and oxidative stress are the main culprit of all DM complications, including macrovascular complications. As a byproduct of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism, methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive substance which plays a positive signaling role in helping cells regain redox balance under oxidative stress circumstances. DM-related problems lead to an excess of mitochondrial superoxide in the heart and big and small vascular endothelial cells. Elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species induce impaired angiogenesis in reaction to ischemia, trigger several proinflammatory pathways, and result in enduring epigenetic modifications that propel the continuous expression of proinflammatory genes even after glucose levels return to normal. Over time, the significance of the extremely quick advanced glycation end-products (AGE) production caused by the extremely reactive MGO has been clarified. It is now evident that MGO causes vascular tissue to react maladaptively. Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is the primary enzyme in an organism's enzymatic glyoxalase defense mechanism, which converts MGO to D-lactate in order to counteract the harmful effects of MGO. Understanding the role of the MGO–GLO1 pathway in the etiology of vascular disease in diabetes has advanced significantly. Therefore, it can be summarized that vascular damage are linked to diabetes. The AGE precursor MGO are important in determining the connection between diabetes and vascular damage. MGO and AGEs play a role in several phases of the development of diabetes complications. MGO and AGEs may be useful therapeutic targets for diabetes's macrovascular problems.KEYWORDS: hyperglycemia, AGE, methylglyoxal, glyoxalase, D-lactate, gluthatione, oxidative stress
Obesity: A Multi Perspective of Physiology and Neurobiology Energy Regulation Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i1.2840

Abstract

BACKGROUND: World Health Organization has reported four million people die every year due to obesity comorbidity, and the prevalence of obesity is keep increasing, especially after COVID-19. Obesity has been defined as a chronic disease involving adipose tissue dysfunction which leads to metabolic diseases and psychosocial consequences. The review article will highlight some recent researches regarding the new conceptual framework that integrates both metabolic drives, as well as to summarize the numerous discussions about the current understanding of hypothalamic control of food intake and energy homeostasis.CONTENT: Obesity apparently is not simply regulated only by food and exercise. Hypothalamus takes part in controlling energy intake and expenditure via appetite regulation. Hedonic control in cortical and subcortical brain areas process cognitive, reward, information, and executive function. Managing metabolic adaptation, browning the white adipose tissue, and preserving lean mass can be another strategy to safely manage obesity.SUMMARY: Obesity need to be managed in a multimodal strategy including neurophysiology and physiology approach, together with environment support. Thus, a weight regain can be prevented. Commitment from both scientific and regulation point of view can shed a light to eradicate obesity.KEYWORDS: adipocyte, appetite, nutrition, obesity, physical activity, reward, satiety
The Combination of Gardenia jasminoides, Boswellia serrata, Commiphora myrrha, Foeniculum vulgarae, and Daucus carota Essential Oil Blend Improved the Inflammatory and Clinical Status in Respiratory Tract Infection of COVID-19 Patients: A Multicentre, Randomized, Open-label, Controlled Trial Lestari, Keri; Babikian, Haig; Kulsum, Iceu Dimas; Ferdian, Ferdy; Ismail, Efriadi; Sumalim, Yelsen; Setiawan, Setiawan; Santoso, Prayudi; Hartantri, Yovita; Arifin, Arief Riadi; Meiliana, Anna; Sormin, Ida Paulina; Sugiono, Erizal
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i3.3023

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Essential oils (EO) are complex volatile, naturally synthesized compounds from aromatic plants. It considers as healthy, effective, and safe since they were coming from nature. Gardenia jasminoides, Boswellia serrata, Commiphora myrrha, Foeniculum vulgarae, and Daucus carota are known to have antimicrobials, antioxidants, antiinflammation properties against respiratory tract infection. However, despite its natural content, a safety profile needs to be observed. Therefore, in this study, EO blend (EOB) made from the combination of these 5 plants was assessed for its efficacy and safety for respiratory tract infection in human.METHODS: A multicentre, randomized, open-label, phase II controlled trial involving 80 hospitalized adults with COVID-19 was conducted. One group of subjects only received standard of care (SoC), while the other group receive SoC and EOB orally for 10 days.RESULTS: There were significant decrease in interleukin (IL)-6 level (p=0.016) and interferon (IFN)-γ level (p=0.012), as well as better respiratory rate (p=0.024) for the group receiving SoC and EOB compared to the group receiving SoC only. However, there was no significant differences in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and the corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation value in both groups. All subjects with adverse effects were improved and recovered, and there were no serious adverse events found.CONCLUSION: The combination of G. jasminoides, B. serrata, C. myrrha, F. vulgarae, and D. carota EOB could improve the inflammatory and clinical status and safe to be used as adjuvant therapy for treating COVID-19 in adults.KEYWORDS: essential oils, COVID-19, inflammation, safety
Irisin, A Fascinating and Multifunctional Protein: Implication for Health Defi, Irma Ruslina; Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i2.2996

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), or also known as irisin, has been identified for two decades but almost completely disregarded for 10 years. It is present in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain, and in reaction to exercise can transform white adipose tissue into brown. Since then, irisin has gained a lot of attention for its potencies in treating metabolic disorders. In this review article, the potential future of irisin especially on metabolism and aging process will be discussed.CONTENT: Sedentary lifestyle is acknowledged as risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, immune system issues, asthma, and neurological or heart illness. Irisin is secreted by muscle cells when exercising, produced after the proteolytic cleavage of FNDC5 protein. Irisin has positive impacts on maintaining physiological balance including reducing inflammation, keeping the bone homeostasis, as well as influencing metabolic processes and the neurological system function. Due to these many and advantageous characteristics, irisin could be a possible choice for preventing and managing disorders associated with modern society, and finding the agents to increase irisin can be beneficial.SUMMARY: Irisin offers a fresh potential basis for kinesitherapy and shows promise as a therapeutic target due to its various biological activities. Irisin pathway can be activated through dietary changes, the use of natural substances and drugs and can interact with this signalling pathway which involved peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein mRNA 1 (UCP1) to resolve obesity and its metabolic comorbidities.KEYWORDS: irisin, FNDC5, exercise, inflammation, obesity, nervous system
Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Development and Target Therapy Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 17, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v17i1.3408

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane structures that enclose proteins, lipids, RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, and cytokines. EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can either stimulate or inhibit tumor growth in various malignancies through paracrine signaling. Tumor-associated MSCs (TA-MSCs), often described as "wounds that never heal," actively participate in the development, propagation, and metastasis of tumors, impacting the immunological state of the tumor microenvironment. For instance, TA-MSCs can alter immune cell recruitment and cytokine production, leading to a pro-tumorigenic environment. Consequently, both the tumor and its microenvironment undergo functional alterations, the cargo of exosomes is modified, and an abnormal tumor-associated MSC phenotype is acquired. MSC-EVs contain exosome microRNA with both tumor-inhibitory and tumor-supportive effects. For example, MSC-EVs have been shown to deliver tumor-suppressive microRNAs that inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. This review outlines the criteria for the modification, isolation, and characterization of exosomes, as well as their application in cancer, providing insights for clinical use. By understanding these mechanisms, we can better harness MSC-EVs for therapeutic purposes.Keywords: mesenchymal stem cell, extracellular vesicle, exosome, cancer therapy, drug delivery
Sarcopenic Obesity: The Underlying Molecular Pathophysiology and Prospect Therapies Meiliana, Anna; Dewi, Nurrani Mustika; Defi, Irma Ruslina; Rosdianto, Aziiz Mardanarian; Qiantori, Adziqa Ammara; Wijaya, Andi
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i4.3176

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Age contributes to body composition alteration, rises a common disorder in elderly known as sarcopenic obesity (SO), which is characterized by the combination of obesity (excess fat mass) and sarcopenia (reduced skeletal muscle mass) clinical form and function.CONTENT: The primary cause of SO is insulin resistance. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) dysfunction results in impaired fatty acids oxidation. Decreased muscle mass results in lower mitochondria number and volume. Both will increase oxidative stress. Together with altered myokines in SO, oxidative stress was promoted and lead to higher M1 macrophages and failure in autophagy. The pro-inflammatory condition and dysbiosis links SO to a variety of cardiometabolic conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The mortality, comorbidities, cardiometabolic diseases, and disability or impairment of SO is higher compare to obesity or sarcopenia alone. Some treatments have been developed for SO including adequate dietary intake, vitamin D and antioxidant supplementation, and exercises.SUMMARY: SO is more prevalent among the elderly and has a significant negative impact on their quality of life. Therefore, maintaining muscle mass and strength as well as preventing obesity should be the key goals of initiatives to support healthy aging.KEYWORDS: aging, body composition, obesity, sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, metabolic syndrome
Co-Authors Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya ANDI WIJAYA Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Andi Wijaya Arifin, Arief Riadi Babikian, Haig Chandra Agung Purnama Eli Halimah Erizal Sugiono, Erizal Ferdy Ferdian Gatot S. Lawrence Gatot Susilo Lawrence Iceu Dimas Kulsum Ida Paulina Sormin Ilhamjaya Patellongi Ilhamjaya Patellongi Irma Ruslina Defi Ismail, Efriadi Keri Lestari lhamjaya Patellongi Lucia Herminawati Melisa Intan Barliana Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi Nurrani Mustika Dewi, Nurrani Mustika Prayudi Santoso Qiantori, Adziqa Ammara Rina Triana Rosalia E Napitupulu Rosdianto, Aziiz Mardanarian Setiawan Setiawan Sumalim, Yelsen Suryani As'ad Suryani As'ad Suryani As’ad Yovita Hartantri