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Rusmilawati Windari
Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Comparative Lessons from Canada: Reforming the Sentencing Framework for Juvenile Offenders in Indonesia Rusmilawati Windari; Bagaz Zubaba
International Journal of Law and Society Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): October: International Journal of Law and Society
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijls.v3i4.1040

Abstract

Since 2012, the Juvenile Criminal Justice System of Indonesia has had a paradigm shift in the formulation of sentencing provisions for juvenile offenders, from retributive to a combination of rehabilitative and reintegrative efforts. The core of its system is how to prioritize restorative justice at every judicial level, providing many options for non-custodial sanctions and limiting the imposition of custodial sentences. Nonetheless, the law continues creating potential inconsistencies in judicial practice because the current legal frameworks provide limited guidance on sentencing objectives, judicial reasoning, and the differences between sanctions and protective measures. Conversely, Canada chooses balancing retributive, rehabilitative, and reintegrative efforts. The Youth Criminal Justice Act of Canada provides a more structured and coherent sentencing legal framework by ruling on explicit sentencing principles, comprehensive judicial criteria, and integrated community-based reintegration mechanisms. This study examines the juvenile sentencing framework in Indonesia and Canada. By applying a comparative and statutory approach, this study analyzes the provisions on four elements of sentencing, encompassing sentencing objectives, type, severity, and mechanism. It is geared to achieve the aim of identifying potential reforms to strengthen the Indonesian juvenile criminal justice system. Eventually, the findings show that future reform in Indonesia should prioritize legislative refinement by establishing clearer sentencing objectives and developing detailed sentencing guidelines, expanding community-based sanctions, requesting a strict judicial reasoning for the imposition of custodial sanctions, ruling post-release supervision, and considering the imposition of adult sentence for serious crimes.
Co-Authors Andini, Maria Angela Putri Anggi Mustavia Maulani Bagaz Zubaba Busthomi Arifin Busthomi Arifin Da Silva, Eugenia Brandao Estiningtyas, Aulia Rizka Fadil Mas’ud Faqihisyam Irfandy Ferly Amlizyan Hasrina Nurlaily Imelda Kusuma Sari Lali, Peternus Marttua Siahaan Muhammad Sulton Ibnu Aulia Adhan Musyafak Musyafak Nur Fadiah Anisah Pradini, Alifia Eka Ramdlany, Ahmad Agus Rayhan Afief Arfarizky TOLIB EFFENDI Ulfatul Hasanah USWATUN HASANAH Via Dianti, Pingkan Okta Widyaristanty, Sarah Yudi Widagdo Harimurti