Bambang Prajogo Eko Wardoyo
Departemen Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Assessment of 70% Ethanol Extract of Gendarusa Leaves In Vivo Luthfiatu Kanina; Mabluhatus Solehah; Hani Plumeriastuti; Retno Widyowati; Bambang Prajogo Eko Wardoyo
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i12022.39-47

Abstract

Background: Justicia gendarussa Burm. f., has been used traditionally in Indonesia for antifertility. Nowadays, a capsule containing 70% ethanol extract of J. gendarussa leaves has been studied for safety. Objective: This study aimed to determine the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of 70% ethanol extract of J. gendarussa leaves in vivo. Methods: In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 2,000"‰mg/Kg BW was orally administered to mice (n = 10), which were monitored for 24"‰days. For the subchronic toxicity study, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10). The control group received distilled water, while the treatment groups received a repeated dose of 40, 200, and 1,000 mg/Kg BW orally for 90 days. Blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical evaluations. Gross pathology and histopathology of liver and kidneys were assessed. Results: No mortality and non-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) were observed in the acute toxicity study. The hematological analysis did not show significant differences in the subchronic toxicity study. The SPGT, SGOT, and creatinine values showed no change in groups 2 and 4, but the level of SGPT increased in groups 3. The increasing level of BUN was observed in all treated groups. Abnormalities or histopathological changes were observed in the liver and kidney in groups 3 and 4. Conclusions: Using 70% ethanol extract of J. gendarussa leaves at a therapeutic dose is safer, but it needs attention at a higher dose.
Ethnomedicine Study on Justicia gendarussa for Male Contraception at the Nimboran Ethnic, Jayapura Niluh Indrawati; Retno Widyowati; Pilipus Kopeuw; Bambang Prajogo Eko Wardoyo
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v9i12022.55-61

Abstract

Background: Justicia gendarussa from Papua has traditionally been used for the treatment of several diseases, and phytochemical studies have been carried out since 1987. Objective: This study aimed to determine the use of this plant as a male contraceptive that the Nimboran Ethnic and their perspectives have long used. Method: A qualitative method with an ethnographic approach was used, while data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. Result: The results showed that 44% of people use it to delay pregnancy, 24% due to young marriage with poor economic conditions, 14% after moving to another place 12% because of tribal wars over fertile land to multiply offspring. The preparation and usage of this plant through the collection, mixing, and manufacturing method and in terms of dosage, time, and duration of use were explored more deeply by conducting interviews with 50 informants. The effectiveness and success as a method of contraception are presented in the way the community has known the plant over different generations, and this method is still used as an alternative option considering the very wide area profile from one place to another. Conclusion: Justicia gendarussa is used by the Nimboran Ethnic group as an ingredient in traditional medicines, especially for male contraception.
Data Fusion of UV-Vis and FTIR Spectra Combined with Principal Component Analysis for Distinguishing of Andrographis paniculata Extracts Based on Cultivation Ages and Solvent Extraction Antonio Kautsar; Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Utami Dyah Syafitri; Syifa Muflihah; Nursifa Mawadah; Eti Rohaeti; Zulhan Arif; Bambang Prajogo; Muhammad Bachri Amran; Abdul Rohman; Mohamad Rafi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.60321

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata is one of the medicinal plants used for the treatment of antidiabetic. Cultivation ages and solvent extraction affected metabolites' composition and concentration that directly cause the plant's efficacies. This research aimed to distinguish A. paniculata based on cultivation ages and solvent extraction using data fusion of UV-Vis and FTIR spectra combined with principal component analysis (PCA). A. paniculata with 2, 3, and 4 months post-planting were extracted by water, 50% ethanol, 70% ethanol, and ethanol. In each extract, we measured UV-Vis and FTIR spectra. Then, we used the data fusion from both spectra. We used UV-Vis and FTIR absorbance from 200–400 nm and 1800–400 cm–1, respectively. Each extract gives a similar pattern of UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, only differ in their intensities. PCA score plot in two and three-dimensional showed A. paniculata extracts could be distinguished based on cultivation ages and solvent extraction with a total variance of 86 and 92%, respectively. Furthermore, this study confirms the data fusion of UV-Vis and FTIR spectra could distinguished A. paniculata extracts combined with chemometrics based on cultivation ages and solvent extraction.