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Journal : Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LOWER HINDLIMB AND FOOT MUSCLES OF BORNEAN ORANGUTAN (Pongo pygmaeus) Kartjito, Nicolas Edward Christanto; Kadarusman, Ikhsan; Novelina, Savitri; Nisa, Chairun; Laila, Sri Rahmatul; Cahyadi, Danang Dwi; Nurhidayat, Nurhidayat
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 16, No 4 (2022): December
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v16i4.28199

Abstract

Orangutan is a great ape that has anatomical and physiological aspects similar to those of gorillas and chimpanzees, although orangutan is more arboreal than other great apes. This research aims to study the morphofunctional characteristics of the lower hindlimb and foot muscles of Bornean orangutan and its relation to the type of locomotion and daily behavior. This research was conducted on the right leg of a male orangutan by observing the morphology of the lower hindlimb and foot muscles and observing the behavior of the Bornean orangutan through video observations. The results showed that digital flexor muscles are more developed than plantar flexor muscles as an adaptation towards arboreal activities that require finger flexor movements such as gripping tree branches. Orangutans have rudimentary hallux, which is related by the less developed intrinsic muscle and indicated by the way orangutan grips tree branches dominantly using digits II-V. At a certain time, male Bornean orangutans are active on terrestrial that causes the digital extensor muscles to have more developed as an adaptation to terrestrial activity. It can be concluded the morphology of the lower hindlimb and foot muscles is in accordance to its function and behavior adaptation in arboreal and terrestrial.
KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI ESOFAGUS DAN LAMBUNG BANDIKUT (Echymipera kalubu) (Esophagus and Stomach Morphological Characteristic of Bandicoot Echymipera kalubu (Marsupialia: Peroryctidae)) Maker, Ursula Paulawati; Nisa, Chairun; Agungpriyono, Srihadi
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 10, No 2 (2016): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v10i2.5043

Abstract

The morphological characteristics of the stomach and esophagus of five adults bandicoot (Echymipera kalubu) with average 1.160.29 kg in body weight and 38.24.76 cm in body length were studied macroscopically, microscopically and histochemically. The bandicoot esophagus were found relatively long about one third of body length. The esophageal glands were identified along the esophagus and the number decreased gradually from cranial to caudal region. In addition of smooth muscle, skeletal muscles were also examined in the external muscle layer of esophagus up to the esophageal junction. The stomach of the E. Kalubu had short lesser curvature and three glandular regions of cardiac, fundic and pyloric glands were observed, respectively. The cardiac glands area was small and concentrated in the cranial part of the stomach. The fundic glands area occupied about half parts of the stomach. Mucous surface epithelial cells, mucous neck cells, parietal cells and chief cells were found in the entire fundic gland. The parietal cells were the most abundant cells in the major curvature distributed from the basal to neck area of the glands, but few in the minor curvature. Chief cells were mostly distributed in the basal gland. The pyloric glands region was observed in caudal part of the stomach. Staining with alcian blue-periodic acid Schift (AB-PAS) showed various distribution and intensity of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides in the esophageal and stomach mucosa. High concentration of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides were detected in esophageal and stomach glands with various concentration. Morphological characteristics of the esophagus and stomach were assumed to be related to the digestive processes in the gastrointestinal tract of bandicoot.
MIKROMORFOLOGI ALAT KELAMIN PRIMER BIAWAK AIR (Varanus salvator bivittatus) JANTAN (Micromorphological Structure of Primary Reproductive Organ of Male Water Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator bivittatus)) M, Mahfud; Winarto, Adi; Nisa, Chairun
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 10, No 1 (2016): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v10i1.3375

Abstract

The study aims to determine the histological structure of the testes, ductus epididymidis and ductus deferens of Varanus salvator bivittatus. The tissue samples were obtained by the histological techniques preparation with thickness section is 3-4 m then stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's Trichrome (MT). The result showed that testes are covered by tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea (tunica fibrous and tunica vasculosa). Tubulus seminiferous as a parenchyma are found in lobules of testes which are formed by septum as extension of tunica albuginea. Tubulus seminiferous is composed by layers of germinal epithelium cells consist of spermatogenia, Sertoli cell, spermatocyte and spermatid which is developed further to be spermatozoa in the lumen of tubulus. Among the tubulus seminiferous, there are groups of epithelioid cells called Leydig cells. The end of tubulus seminiferous formed ductus epididymidis which then ended up and known as ductus deferens. Epididymis is covered by dense connective tissue. Ductus epididymidis is divided into three segments: cranial, medial and caudal. It is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium which is varied in its thickness, amount and diameter of lumen. Lumen of the ductus deferens was lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and thin muscularis mucosal layer and thick circular smooth muscle were covered externally.Key words: Varanus salvator bivittatus, testes, ductus epididymidis, ductus deferens, micromorphology