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INVENTARISASI DAN POTENSI JAMUR MAKRO DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL UJUNG KULON BANTEN Noverita, Noverita; Ilmi, Fauziah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 13, No 1 (2020): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

AbstrakTaman Nasional Ujung Kulon (TNUK) adalah salah satu kawasan lindung terletak di Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten. Di kawasan ini terletak Desa Ujung Jaya. Formasi hutan di kawasan ini sangat bervariasi, dengan keanekaragaman plasma nutfah yang cukup tinggi, sehingga sangat memungkinkan ditemukan jamur makro. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan data jenis-jenis jamur makro dan data potensi baik sebagai bahan pangan, bahan obat, dan sebagai mikoriza. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur, yaitu dengan mengamati dan mencatat sampel di sepanjang jalur penelitian, yang meliputi kawasan hutan sekitar permukiman, kawasan mangrove, dan kawasan permukiman penduduk. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 98 spesies jamur makro di TNUK, dengan sebaran sebanyak 56 spesies di kawasan permukiman,Â 31 spesies di kawasan hutan, dan 32 spesies di kawasan mangrove. Jamur makro yang ditemukan didominasi phylum Basidiomycota 92 spesies, sementara phylum Ascomycota hanya 4 spesies dan sisanya 2 spesies dari kelompok jamur lendir (phylum Myxomycota). Sebanyak 28 spesies sebagai bahan pangan, 56 spesies sebagai bahan obat, dan 5 spesies sebagai mikoriza.Abstract Ujung Kulon National Park (TNUK) is a protected area located in Pandeglang Regency, Banten. Located in this area is Ujung Jaya village. Forest formations in this region is very varied, with a fairly high diversity of germplasm so that it is possible to find macro fungi. The purpose of this study was to obtain data on macro fungi and potential data as food ingredients, as medicinal ingredients, and as mycorrhizae. The method used in this study is the path method, which is by observing and recording samples along the research path, which includes forest areas around settlements, mangrove areas, and residential areas. From the results, 98 species of macro fungi were found in Ujung Kulon National Park, from which 56 species were found in residential areas, 31 species in forest areas and 32 species in the mangrove area. Macro fungi found were dominated by phylum Basidiomycota, as many as 92 species, the rest were Ascomycota phylum as many as 4 species and phylum Myxomycota (slime mold), as many as 2 species. A total of 28 species as food ingredients, 56 species as medicinal ingredients, and 5 species as mycorrhizae.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JAMUR MAKROSKOPIS DI BEBERAPA HABITAT KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN Ratna Wati; Noverita Noverita; Tatang Mitra Setia
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 12, No 2 (2019): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v12i2.10363

AbstrakJamur merupakan komponen dasar yang sangat penting dalam suatu ekosistem. Taman Nasional Baluran merupakan salah satu ekosistem dengan beberapa tipe habitat yang mendukung pertumbuhan jamur. Kawasan ini memiliki keanekaragaman jamur yang belum banyak dieksplorasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi, keanekaragaman jenis dan potensi jamur makroskopis di lima tipe habitat di kawasan Taman Nasional Baluran. Penelitian dilakukan pada tipe habitat hutan primer perbukitan, hutan primer dataran rendah, hutan evergreen, hutan musim dan hutan jati pada bulan Maret 2013. Metode yang digunakan adalah petak kuadrat yang berukuran 10 x 10 m pada jalur dengan interval 50 m sebanyak 20 plot pada masing-masing tipe habitat. Jumlah jenis jamur makroskopis yang ditemukan adalah sebanyak 152 jenis, 37 marga dan 25 suku. Masing-masing lokasi memiliki kesamaan jenis yang berbeda. Indeks keanekaragaman termasuk kategori rendah. Pada hutan primer perbukitan sebesar 2,154; hutan primer dataran rendah sebesar 2,144; hutan jati sebesar 2,423; hutan musim sebesar 1,375; dan evergreen sebesar 1,063. Terdapat perbedaan jenis jamur makroskopis yang mendominasi setiap habitat. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan jamur makroskopis berpotensi dekomposer, mikoriza, obat dan pangan. Hasil penelitian diharapkan para pihak dapat menjaga kawasan untuk mempertahankan keanekaragaman hayati khususnya jamur makroskopis sehingga dapat dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut serta dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar.Abstract The fungus is a basic component that is very important in the forest ecosystem. Baluran National Park is one of the ecosystems with several types of habitats, which supports the growth of fungus. This area has a diversity of macrofungi that has not been much explored. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition, diversity and potential of macrofungi in five habitat types in Baluran National Park area.The study was conducted on habitat types of hills hilly primary forest, primary forest of lowland, evergreen forest, forest season and jati forests in March 2013.The method used is the swath of squares measuring 10 x 10 m on track, with an interval of 50 m, as many as 20 plots in each habitat type. Number of species of macrofungi found as many as 152 species, 37 genera and 25 familiy. Each location has a different kind of similarity. The diversity index is categorized as low. hills hilly primary forest amounted to 2.154, primary forest of lowland amounted to 2.144, jati forest of 2.423, seasons forest of 1.375 and evergreen of 1.063. There are different types of macrofungi that dominate in every habitat. In this study found macroscopic fungi potentially as decomposers, mycorrhizae, medicinal and food. From the research result expected the management of Baluran National Park can maintain the area to protect biodiversity in particular macrofungi so that it can be further research and can be used by the local community.

Keanekaragaman Jamur Makro dan Potensinya di Kampung Citlahab, Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak Ahmad Habib Nur Fikri; Caroline Humaira Rifalina Rosyid; Ratna Zahara Mahajarifar; Fia Fadlun; Noverita Noverita
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.20482

AbstrakKampung Citalahab termasuk dalam Kawasan Pusat Penelitian Cikaniki yang terletak di wilayah TNGHS dengan kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati yang cukup tinggi, salah satunya jamur makro. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan data keanekaragaman jenis jamur makro di Kampung Citalahab, Kawasan Pusat Penelitian Cikaniki, TNGHS serta untuk mengetahui potensinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode searching per plot di tiga jalur yaitu jalur aliran sungai, jalur hutan, dan jalur pekarangan desa serta dilanjutkan dengan pengambilan sampel gambar menggunakan kamera, pengukuran faktor lingkungan, dan identifikasi sampel. Jamur yang ditemukan sebanyak 614 individu dari 43 jenis yang berbeda. Tingkat keanekaragaman jenis di tiga jalur tergolong rendah sampai sedang, dengan indeks kesamaan tertinggi yaitu 37,21%. Jamur makro yang sering ditemui adalah Microporus xanthopus, Microporus affinis, Xylaria longipes, dan Auricularia auricula. Beberapa genus jamur seperti Auricularia dan Schizophyllum yang ditemukan di Kampung Citalahab berpotensi sebagai bahan pangan. Sedangkan genus jamur Ganoderma, Xylaria, Microporus, Daldinea, dan Trametes berpotensi sebagai bahan obat-obatan. Masyarakat di Kampung Citalahab belum sepenuhnya memanfaatkan jamur yang tersedia di sana akibat minimnya informasi yang didapatkan oleh masyarakat setempat. AbstractCitalahab's village is one of the Cikaniki Research Station Centers located in the TNGHS area with a considerable wealth of biodiversity, one of which is the macro fungi. Research are conducted with the aim of obtaining data for diversity in the macro types of fungi in the village of Citalahab, the Cikaniki Research Station Center, TNGHS and to discover their potential. The method used in research is the searching per plot on 3 locations of streams, forest trails, and rural garden paths and followed by camera sampling, measuring environmental factors, and sample identification. The fungi found as many as 614 individuals from 43 different kinds. The level of variability in all three pathways is low to moderate, with the highest similarity index being 37,21%. The oft identified macro fungus is Microporus xanthopus, Microporus affinis, Xxylaria longipes, and Auricularia auricula. Some genus of fungi such as Auricularia and Schzophyllum found in the Citalahab village are potential food. While the genus fungi of Ganoderma, Xylaria, Microporus, Daldinea, and Trametes are potentially pharmaceuticals. The people of the Citalahab village have not fully benefited from the local people's lack of information available there.

Keanekaragaman Jamur Makro dan Potensinya di Kampung Citlahab, Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Salak Ahmad Habib Nur Fikri; Caroline Humaira Rifalina Rosyid; Ratna Zahara Mahajarifar; Fia Fadlun; Noverita Noverita
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 1 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.20482

AbstrakKampung Citalahab termasuk dalam Kawasan Pusat Penelitian Cikaniki yang terletak di wilayah TNGHS dengan kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati yang cukup tinggi, salah satunya jamur makro. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan data keanekaragaman jenis jamur makro di Kampung Citalahab, Kawasan Pusat Penelitian Cikaniki, TNGHS serta untuk mengetahui potensinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode searching per plot di tiga jalur yaitu jalur aliran sungai, jalur hutan, dan jalur pekarangan desa serta dilanjutkan dengan pengambilan sampel gambar menggunakan kamera, pengukuran faktor lingkungan, dan identifikasi sampel. Jamur yang ditemukan sebanyak 614 individu dari 43 jenis yang berbeda. Tingkat keanekaragaman jenis di tiga jalur tergolong rendah sampai sedang, dengan indeks kesamaan tertinggi yaitu 37,21%. Jamur makro yang sering ditemui adalah Microporus xanthopus, Microporus affinis, Xylaria longipes, dan Auricularia auricula. Beberapa genus jamur seperti Auricularia dan Schizophyllum yang ditemukan di Kampung Citalahab berpotensi sebagai bahan pangan. Sedangkan genus jamur Ganoderma, Xylaria, Microporus, Daldinea, dan Trametes berpotensi sebagai bahan obat-obatan. Masyarakat di Kampung Citalahab belum sepenuhnya memanfaatkan jamur yang tersedia di sana akibat minimnya informasi yang didapatkan oleh masyarakat setempat. AbstractCitalahab's village is one of the Cikaniki Research Station Centers located in the TNGHS area with a considerable wealth of biodiversity, one of which is the macro fungi. Research are conducted with the aim of obtaining data for diversity in the macro types of fungi in the village of Citalahab, the Cikaniki Research Station Center, TNGHS and to discover their potential. The method used in research is the searching per plot on 3 locations of streams, forest trails, and rural garden paths and followed by camera sampling, measuring environmental factors, and sample identification. The fungi found as many as 614 individuals from 43 different kinds. The level of variability in all three pathways is low to moderate, with the highest similarity index being 37,21%. The oft identified macro fungus is Microporus xanthopus, Microporus affinis, Xxylaria longipes, and Auricularia auricula. Some genus of fungi such as Auricularia and Schzophyllum found in the Citalahab village are potential food. While the genus fungi of Ganoderma, Xylaria, Microporus, Daldinea, and Trametes are potentially pharmaceuticals. The people of the Citalahab village have not fully benefited from the local people's lack of information available there.

Tinjauan Biosorpsi Logam Berat Pb dan Cd Oleh Jamur Makro Noverita Noverita; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Endang Sukara; Nuraeni Ekowati; Sri Lestari
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 16, No 2 (2023): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.24569

AbstrakKeberadaan logam berat perlu ditanggulangi, salah satunya dengan cara biosorpsi. Biosorpsi merupakan salah satu metode remediasi yang paling tepat digunakan dalam menanggulangi pencemaran logam berat. Proses secara efisien dapat menyerap logam berat terlarut bahkan logam berat yang ada dalam larutan kompleks yang sangat encer. Jamur makro merupakan contoh biosorben yang dapat digunakan dalam biosorpsi. Pemanfaatan jamur makro sebagai biosorben sangat tepat dilakukan karena keanekaragaman jenisnya tinggi, cepat tumbuh dengan kemampuan metabolisme yang beragam pada berbagai senyawa organik dan anorganik, mudah didapatkan, lebih aman karena tidak menyebabkan korosi atau menghasilkan bahan berbahaya, teknologinya sederhana, perawatannya mudah dan produk akhir dapat didaur ulang, serta dapat mengakumulasi logam berat dengan kosentrasi tinggi. Jenis-jenis jamur makro yang sudah digunakan dalam biosorpsi logam berat di beberapa negara antara lain Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia polytricha, Calocybe indica, Ganoderma carnosum, Flammulina velutipes, Fomes fasciatus, dan Volvariella volvacea. Sementara itu, penelitian penggunakan jamur makro di Indonesia dalam biosorpsi logam berat sangat terbatas yakni pada jenis Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Omphalina sp., dan Pholiota sp. Mengingat tingginya keanekaragaman jamur makro di Indonesia, maka potensi biosorpsi logam berat khususnya Pb dan Cd oleh jamur makro sangat berpeluang untuk diteleti lebih lanjut.AbstractHeavy metals can accumulate in seawater, sediments and in the marine biota that live in them, eventually entering the food chain which is very dangerous to health. The presence of these heavy metals needs to be overcome, one of which is by means of biosorption. Biosorption is one of the most appropriate remediation methods used in tackling heavy metal pollution. The biosorption process can efficiently absorb dissolved heavy metals and even heavy metals present in very dilute complex solutions. Macro fungi are examples of biosorbents that can be used in biosorption. Utilization of macro fungi as biosorbents is very appropriate because of the high diversity of species, fast growing with diverse metabolic abilities on various organic and inorganic compounds, easy to obtain, strong morphology, safer because they do not cause corrosion or produce harmful materials, simple technology, easy maintenance and the final product can be recycled, can accumulate heavy metals with high concentrations. The types of macro fungi that have been used in the biosorption of heavy metals in several countries include Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia polytricha, Calocybe indica, Ganoderma carnosum, Flammulina velutipes, Fomes fasciatus, and Volvarella volvacea. Meanwhile in Indonesia, research on the use of macro fungi in heavy metal biosorption is very limited to the Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Omphalina sp. and Pholiota sp. Considering the high diversity of macro fungi in Indonesia, the potential for biosorption of heavy metals, especially Pb and Cd by macro fungi, is very likely to be investigated further.

The Ability of ᵝ-Glukan Pleurotus ostreatus in Biosorption of Lead Noverita, Noverita; Widyastuti, Anisa; Sukara, Endang; Ragamustari, Safendrri K.
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.40371

The increase in toxic pollutants, such as the heavy metal lead (Pb²⁺), in aquatic environments is caused by anthropogenic activities and natural factors. Lead is difficult to degrade naturally, necessitating bioremediation methods, one of involves biosorption agents. Macrofungi, such as Pleurotus ostreatus, have complex cell walls capable of absorbing heavy metals through β-glucan. This study evaluates the effectiveness of β-glucan from P. ostreatus in adsorbing lead. The biosorption mechanism is influenced by functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amine (-NH₂), as well as the coil structure of β-glucan, which affects binding site availability. Results show biosorption efficiency reaches 89–97%, with the highest at 97% at 25.64 mg/L and a contact time of 3 hours. Even after 1 hour, efficiency remains high (96%), indicating rapid and effective adsorption. FTIR analysis reveals changes in functional group structures after lead exposure, confirming the role of active groups in biosorption. Biosorption efficiency is also influenced by metal concentration, biomass amount and surface area, contact time, and biosorbent diffusion. These findings highlight the potential of β-glucan from P. ostreatus as a natural biosorbent for lead remediation in aquatic environments.

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