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KADAR KATEKIN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.) DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN LITERATUR 10 TAHUN TERAKHIR (2015-2025) Ade Teti Vani; Irwan Triansyah; Nadia Purnama Dewi; Dessy Abdullah; Aryaldy Zulkarnaini
Nusantara Hasana Journal Vol. 5 No. 8 (2026): Nusantara Hasana Journal, January 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Nusantara Hasana Berdikari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59003/nhj.v5i8.1862

Abstract

Indonesia is the world’s largest producer of gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.), which is rich in catechin, a major bioactive compound with strong antioxidant activity. Variations in catechin content and antioxidant activity of Indonesian gambier are influenced by geographical origin, plant characteristics, and processing and extraction methods. This study aims to comprehensively review the catechin content and antioxidant activity of Indonesian gambier based on scientific publications from the last decade (2015–2025). A narrative literature review method was applied by collecting relevant articles from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Garuda databases. Selected studies were original research articles reporting quantitative data on catechin levels and/or antioxidant activity of gambier originating from Indonesia. The results indicate that Indonesian gambier, particularly from West Sumatra, exhibits high catechin content and strong antioxidant activity, although considerable variation exists among regions and extraction techniques. Advanced extraction and purification methods, including solvent optimization and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, were shown to enhance catechin concentration and antioxidant capacity. Indonesian gambier has significant potential as a natural antioxidant source, highlighting the need for quality standardization and further development of processing technologies to support value-added utilization and downstream product development.
EPISTAKSIS SEBAGAI KEGAWATDARURATAN TELINGA HIDUNG TENGGOROK: TINJAUAN KEPUSTAKAAN Irwan Triansyah; Khuntum Khairatul Ummah; Yanti Fitri Yasa; Nadia Purnama Dewi; Ade Teti Vani
Nusantara Hasana Journal Vol. 5 No. 8 (2026): Nusantara Hasana Journal, January 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Nusantara Hasana Berdikari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59003/nhj.v5i8.1863

Abstract

Epistaxis is one of the most common emergencies encountered in otorhinolaryngology–head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS) practice. Although most cases are mild, severe epistaxis, particularly of posterior origin, may lead to serious complications. This literature review aims to comprehensively discuss epistaxis, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, classification, and principles of management based on clinical guidelines. A narrative literature review method was applied by analyzing textbooks, clinical guidelines, and scientific journals related to epistaxis, including Logan Turner’s guidelines, the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) recommendations, and otorhinolaryngology consensus statements. Epistaxis is classified into anterior and posterior types based on the bleeding source, each with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications. Anterior epistaxis is commonly associated with local factors and generally responds well to conservative treatment, whereas posterior epistaxis is often related to systemic conditions and requires more aggressive interventions. Management should follow a stepwise approach in accordance with clinical guidelines. Epistaxis is an important ORL-HNS emergency that requires a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Understanding the pathophysiology and classification of epistaxis is essential for selecting effective and safe management strategies based on clinical guidelines, thereby reducing complications and recurrence