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INDUKSI KERAGAMAN SOMAKLONAL DENGAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA DAN SELEKSI IN VITRO KALUS PISANG RAJABULU MENGGUNAKAN ASAM FUSARAT, SERTA REGENERASI DAN AKLIMATISASI PLANTLET Lestari, Endang G; Purnamaningsih, R; Mariska, I; Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pisang raja bulu is one of the most important bananas in Indonesia. However, this plant has low toleranee to wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. eubense. Its mass cultivation is inhibited by the absence of variety tolerant to the disease.A wide range of genetic variability will be needed if selection for novel characters is to be conducted, especially when there is no source of resistance gene available for breeding materials. This research consisted of callus induction from primary explant, induction of somaclonal variation using gamma iradiation, and in vitro selection using fusaric acid, followed by regeneration and acclimatization of selected plantlets. The media applied for callus induction was MS (Murashige and Skoog. 1962) + 2,4-D I and 3 mg/l + NAA 0 and 0.1 mg/l and 2,4-D 5 mg/l + BA 0.5 mg/l + Casein hidrolysate (CH) 500 mg/l. The applied gamma irradiation dosage were 0, 5.0. 7.5. 10 and 15 Gy. The irradiated calli was subsequently subcultures on selection media i.e.. MS containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The living calli was then regenerated on media containing BA, TDZ. with or without proline and arginine. In addition. MS+ kinetin 5 mg/l + 1AA 0,2 mg/l was applied for shoot development. The result showed that the most suitable callus induction media for pisang raja bulu was MS +2.4-D 5 mg/l +BA 0.5 mg/l +CH 500 mg/l. The gamma irradiation of 10 Gy produced somaclone lines which were able to proliferate bud nodules on selection media containing fusaric acid at 30 and 45 mg/l. The media used for shoot development was MS + kinetin 5 mg/l + IAA 0,2 mg/l. Planllet obtained from the in vitro were then successfully acclimatized in the green house.

PENGARUH BAP DAN NAA TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS DAN KANDUNGAN ARTEMISININ DARI Artemisia annua L. Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Ashrina, Misky
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 4 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Malaria is a global health problem that threatens 300-500 million people and kills more than one million people annually.Artemisinin, a sesquiterpen secondary plant metabolite extracted from Artemisia annua L., is a promising and potent antimalarial drug which has a remarkable activity against chloroquine resistant to Plasmodium falciparum. To counter the present low content(0.01-0.5%) of artemisinin in A. annua L.is a limitation to commercial production of the drug and uneconomical chemical synthesis. A research was conducted to induce callus production by using Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium added with NAA (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/1) and BAP (0, 0.5 dan 1 mg/1) and also to produce artemisinin from the calli. Complete Randomized Design was used in the research. Callus cultures were induced from leaf explants of A. annua. The research reports succesful approach for production of artemisinin by callus cultures of A. Annua. Medium formulation of MS basal media added with plant growth regulators BAP 0.5 mg/1 and NAA 0.5 mg/1 give the best result for callus induction than others, with callus fresh weight 844,4 mg, artemisinin content 0.73%, dry weight 216.6 mg and total weight of artemisinin 1.58 mg.

REGENERASI TANAMAN PEPAYA HASIL TRANSFORMASI DENGAN GEN ACC OKSIDASE ANTISENSE [Regeneration of Transforman Papaya Plant with ACC Oxidase Antisense Gene] Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Mariska, Ika; Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 5 (2005)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Papaya is climacteric fruit. As the other climacteric fruit, papaya has hight speed ripening, so papaya fruit can not stored in long period. Genetic enginering is one alternative technology to solve the problem by introducing antisense oxidase ACC gen to the papaya plant genome to get delay ripening characteristic. Success of genetic enginering technology depend on plant regeneration system.There were two ways of plant regeneration: organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The aim of this experiment was to induce root formation of papaya planlet which trasformated by ACC oxidase antisense gene.The former experiment showed that explant which transformated by ACC oxidase antisense gene can regenerated to be shoot/planlet with P6 medium.But when the shoot transferred to root induction medium the root was difficult to formed, callus was formed at the base of shoot, the leaves turn to yellow and fall down.Many media formulations were tried in this experiment with different basic medium for root induction and development.MS (1, Vi) DKW (1, A) and WPM (1, Vi) were used as basic media combined with sucrose (2 % and 3 %) and plant growth regulators (kinetin, IAA, and paclobutrazol) adding with some organic compound. Result of the experiment showed that MS Vi + paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/1 induced root formation 80 %, inhibited callus formation and decreased yellowing and falling of the leaves.

PENGGUNAAN PACLOBUTRAZOLDAN ABA DAL AM PERBANYAKAN X NENAS SIMADU MELALUI KULTUR IN VITRO Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Mariska, Ika; Supriati, Yati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 6 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.), represents an important crop in Subang. Somaclonal variation is one of the problem to develop pineapple, especially Simadu variety. Probability to conduct Simadu progeny from the mother plant is very low (5%).Its caused by chimeric of the somatic cells that form meristem.In vitro culture is the alternative method to solve the problem by using the meristem cells from Simadu fruit as explant. Unfortunately, genetic diversity has been observed in many spesies during tissue culture.This phenomenon is usually termed somaclonal variation. Many studies on pineapple demonstrsted that some in vitro propagated materials differ from the source materials from which they are derived.To minimize genetic variability, the use of growth inhibitor such as paclobutazol and absisic acid hopefully would gave the important role in genetic stability. The aim of the research is to multiply Simadu pineapple by using tissue culture technic. In vitro shoot induce from crown of the Simadu fruit until get the sterile shoots. Combination of kinetin (0-5 ppm) with paclobutrazol ( 0-0.1 ppm) or ABA (0-1 ppm) was used in the multiplication stage. Result showed that there are no interaction between kinetin and paclobutrazol or ABA, but there is influence of the single factor. Kinetin increase leave number but decrease plant height and root number. Paclobutrazol increase shoot and leave number, but decrease plant height and root number. There is no influence of ABA to plant height, shoot and root number but decreased leaves number.

PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK MAWAR MINI MELALUI KULTURIN-VITRO DAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA Handayati, Wahyu; Darliah, Darliah; Mariska, I; Purnamaningsih, R
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Mini rose (Rosa hybrida L.)is one of the favorite ornamental plants. To get a new appearance of this mini rose, two experiments were conducted at Cipanas and Bogor, from April 1999 to March 2000.In the first experiment, the treatment was the dosage of gamma ray irradiation, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 krad.In the second experiment, the treatment was the concentration of callus induced mediumi.e. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5 and 1 mg/1) + chinetine (1, 3 and 5 mg/1).Randomized Block Design was used with 5 replications. Mini rose Romantica Meilandina (pink color) and Prince Meilandina (dark red color) was used as a source of plant material.The results showed that the irradiation dosage from 1 until 3 krad gave the best appearance compared with the other treatments.Considering the observance to plantlet in the same dosage, the color of the flower was changed from the natural color to white and red color.The combination of 0,5 mg/12,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 3 mg/1 chinetine was the best medium to the callus growth.

POLA INSERSI PARTENOKARPI, DEFH9-IAAM PADA GALUR TOMAT TRANSGENIK Pardal, S.J.; Slamet, Slamet; Purnamaningsih, R.; Lestari, E.G.
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.691

The development of seedless tomato fruits will be more attractive to consumers and industry. Artificial parthenocarpy can be induced through genetic crossing, hormone application or genetic engineering. Development of parthenocarpic tomatos has been done by inserting parthenocarpy gene, DefH9-iaaM into tomato genome via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Sixty putative transgenic tomato lines were produced, and three events (lines) have been selected as the best event, i.e. OvR1#14-4, OvM2#10-1, OvM2#6-2. These lines contained the DefH9-iaaM based on PCR test. This research aimed was to determine the insertion patern of DefH9-iaaM gene in the progeny of transgenic tomatos lines. Parent variety Oval and line Cl 6046 were used as control plants. Results indicated that tomatos line OvR1#14-4 was still contained the inserted DefH9-iaaM gene and followed the Mendelian pattern (3:1) based on molecular analyses and Chi-square test results, while the others were not identified. Line OvR1#14-4 was required to be further evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic analyses for the expression of their parthenocarpy.

PENINGKATAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK MAWAR MINI MELALUI KULTURIN-VITRO DAN IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA Wahyu Handayati; Darliah Darliah; I Mariska; R Purnamaningsih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 4 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v5i4.1120

Mini rose (Rosa hybrida L.)is one of the favorite ornamental plants. To get a new appearance of this mini rose, two experiments were conducted at Cipanas and Bogor, from April 1999 to March 2000.In the first experiment, the treatment was the dosage of gamma ray irradiation, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 krad.In the second experiment, the treatment was the concentration of callus induced mediumi.e. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5 and 1 mg/1) + chinetine (1, 3 and 5 mg/1).Randomized Block Design was used with 5 replications. Mini rose Romantica Meilandina (pink color) and Prince Meilandina (dark red color) was used as a source of plant material.The results showed that the irradiation dosage from 1 until 3 krad gave the best appearance compared with the other treatments.Considering the observance to plantlet in the same dosage, the color of the flower was changed from the natural color to white and red color.The combination of 0,5 mg/12,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 3 mg/1 chinetine was the best medium to the callus growth.

POLA INSERSI PARTENOKARPI, DefH9-iaaM PADA GALUR TOMAT TRANSGENIK S.J. Pardal; Slamet Slamet; R. Purnamaningsih; E.G. Lestari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.691

The development of seedless tomato fruits will be more attractive to consumers and industry. Artificial parthenocarpy can be induced through genetic crossing, hormone application or genetic engineering. Development of parthenocarpic tomatos has been done by inserting parthenocarpy gene, DefH9-iaaM into tomato genome via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Sixty putative transgenic tomato lines were produced, and three events (lines) have been selected as the best event, i.e. OvR1#14-4, OvM2#10-1, OvM2#6-2. These lines contained the DefH9-iaaM based on PCR test. This research aimed was to determine the insertion patern of DefH9-iaaM gene in the progeny of transgenic tomatos lines. Parent variety Oval and line Cl 6046 were used as control plants. Results indicated that tomatos line OvR1#14-4 was still contained the inserted DefH9-iaaM gene and followed the Mendelian pattern (3:1) based on molecular analyses and Chi-square test results, while the others were not identified. Line OvR1#14-4 was required to be further evaluated for phenotypic and genotypic analyses for the expression of their parthenocarpy.

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