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Normative Sports Law Analysis for Global Anti-Doping Justice Wisnu Wisnu hadi; Muhammad Adrian Maulana; Sigit Nugroho; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; A. Ine Aprilia Damai; Aprillia Wulan Utari
ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/active.v15i2.49297

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the development of anti-doping regulations from a sports law perspective and to assess the effectiveness of harmonization through the World Anti-Doping Code in ensuring procedural and substantive justice for athletes across jurisdictions. The study employs a normative legal approach with an analytical-critical orientation through an examination of the World Anti-Doping Code, the 2005 UNESCO Convention, and various national regulations that have adopted them. A conceptual approach is applied to examine the theories of polycentric regulation, legal legitimacy, and procedural justice, while a comparative approach is used to test the consistency of implementation across nations. The research findings indicate that the global anti-doping regime has evolved into a hybrid model integrating lex sportiva and international public law, resulting in formal harmonization of testing standards, evidentiary rules, and sanctions. However, significant implementation gaps exist, particularly regarding institutional capacity, access to legal aid, and the speed of dispute resolution, which impact the protection of athletes’ rights and the perceived legitimacy of the system. The study’s conclusions emphasize that normative harmonization does not yet fully align with substantive justice; therefore, strengthening national capacity and implementing policy reforms that are more responsive to social and political contexts are necessary to ensure equitable protection of athletes’ rights globally.
The Effect of Anti-Doping Education on Volleyball Team Athletes' Knowledge and Attitudes Daffaa Ikhsan; Irfan Marhandika; Rakha Syamsudin; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; A. Ine Aprilia Damai; Aprilia Wulan Utari
ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/active.v15i2.49318

Abstract

Doping is a serious problem in the world of sports that can undermine sportsmanship, health, and the integrity of athletes. College athletes’ limited understanding of banned substances and the lack of anti-doping education increase the risk of doping violations, whether intentional or unintentional. This study aims to determine the effect of anti-doping education on the knowledge and attitudes of Unsika volleyball club athletes. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method through a One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study sample consisted of 30 athletes selected using total sampling. Data collection was conducted using a knowledge test and an attitude questionnaire, followed by analysis using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the Paired Sample T-Test. The results showed an increase in the mean score from 58.70 in the pretest to 82.67 in the posttest. The results of the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of anti-doping education on athletes’ knowledge and attitudes. Thus, anti-doping education has proven effective in enhancing athletes’ understanding and fostering positive attitudes toward the importance of sportsmanship and doping-free sports.
Doping and Reproductive Health in Female Athletes: A Narrative Literature Review Dafa Wishnu Moerara; Muhammad Rafi Zulfikar; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; Aprillia Wulan Utari; A. Ine Aprilia Damai
ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/active.v15i2.57710

Abstract

Doping is not only a violation of sport integrity but also a health-risk behaviour with specific implications for female athletes. This narrative literature review synthesises peer-reviewed studies, consensus statements, and official anti-doping documents published mainly between 2014 and 2026. The review focused on prohibited substances and methods that may affect endocrine regulation, menstrual function, fertility potential, virilisation, sexual health, and athlete well-being. The strongest evidence concerns anabolic-androgenic steroids, which can disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, impair ovulation, cause oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, reduce fertility potential, and produce androgenic changes such as acne, hirsutism, voice deepening, breast atrophy, and clitoromegaly. Human growth hormone, stimulants, hormone modulators, diuretics, and masking practices may contribute to reproductive-health risk indirectly through metabolic disturbance, cardiovascular strain, neuroendocrine stress, appetite suppression, low energy availability, and substance stacking. Menstrual dysfunction should not be interpreted as direct proof of doping because relative energy deficiency in sport, psychological stress, training load, eating disorders, pregnancy, and endocrine disease may produce overlapping symptoms. Prevention therefore requires gender-responsive anti-doping education, confidential medical referral, menstrual-health monitoring, supplement-risk counselling, therapeutic-use guidance, psychological support, and consistent anti-doping control. The review concludes that clean-sport policy should be integrated with reproductive-health protection so that female athletes receive both fair-competition safeguards and clinically appropriate support.
ANALISIS TATA LAKSANA FRAKTUR DISTAL RADIUS DAN OS SKAFOID PERGELANGAN TANGAN PADA POPULASI AKTIF Rahman Muhammad Hasan; Muhammad Rafi Zulfikar; Dafa Wishnu Moerara; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; Miftahudin Sigit Miftahudin Sigit
JURNAL ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Unimed

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/gsed7j93

Abstract

Wrist fractures, particularly Distal Radius Fracture (DRF) and Scaphoid Fracture, are common musculoskeletal injuries among active populations, such as athletes. DRF often occurs due to a fall on an outstretched hand (FOOSH), while scaphoid fractures have a high risk of complications, including non-union and avascular necrosis (AVN). This study aims to analyze the injury mechanisms, diagnostic accuracy, and the comparison between conservative and operative management of wrist fractures. A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on studies from 2018 to 2025. The results indicate that internal fixation with a volar locking plate for unstable DRF provides better functional outcomes compared to conservative treatment. Meanwhile, displaced scaphoid fractures require percutaneous screw fixation to achieve optimal healing. In conclusion, individualized treatment is crucial, with minimally invasive surgical intervention being the preferred approach for complex fractures. Keywords: Distal Radius Fracture, Scaphoid Fracture, Wrist Injury, Operative Management, Volar Locking Plate.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN COLD WATER IMMERSION TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM LAKTAT PADA TUBUH ATLET PASCA LATIHAN Muhammad Fakhri Saleh; Saryono; Muhammad Arief Setiawan
Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan Vol. 10 No. 1: April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/c16b4x66

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh Cold Water Immersion (CWI) terhadap penurunan kadar asam laktat atlet sepak bola U-15 SSB Bina Patra Karawang. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 15 atlet aktif. Pengukuran dilakukan pada tiga periode yaitu sebelum latihan, setelah latihan, dan setelah treatment CWI. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata kadar asam laktat meningkat dari 43 mg/dl sebelum latihan menjadi 277,73 mg/dl setelah latihan, kemudian menurun menjadi 44,4 mg/dl setelah perlakuan CWI. Uji statistik menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara kondisi setelah latihan dan setelah treatment (p<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa CWI efektif membantu percepatan pemulihan metabolik pasca latihan intensif. Kata kunci: Cold water immersion, asam laktat, pemulihan, sepak bola, atlet
Evaluasi Kepuasan Customer Dan Kinerja Tim Manajemen Di PT. Human Resource Strengthening Sukses Istimewa Fata Azima Alkautsar; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; Deden Akbar Izzuddin
JEMSI (Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi) Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Komunitas Informasi Teknologi Aceh (KITA), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35870/jemsi.v12i3.6628

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the performance of the management team and customer satisfaction levels at PT. Human Resource Strengthening Sukses Istimewa. The method used in this study is a survey with a descriptive research design using a quantitative approach. The population in this study consists of 60 customers who have used the services of PT. Human Resource Strengthening Sukses Istimewa, while the sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The data collection instrument used in this study was a questionnaire in the form of a Google form with 27 questions, and the data was measured using a Likert scale of SS, S, N, TS, and STS, which had undergone validity and reliability tests. The results of the study based on the instruments used were declared valid and reliable with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.989. The results of the study show that the performance of the management team of PT. Human Resource Strengthening Sukses Istimewa achieved a level of 85%, which is classified as very satisfied. In addition, the level of customer satisfaction was also at 86%, which is classified as very satisfied. However, the analysis results show that there are still several indicators that are not optimal, particularly in responding to customer complaints and service consistency. These findings indicate that improvements in the evaluation system and strengthening of internal coordination are needed to maintain customer satisfaction stability and increase the company's competitiveness. This study provides empirical contributions to the development of customer satisfaction-based service management in human resource development service companies.  
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH TERHADAP DAYA TAHAN PADA ATLET CLUB BOLA VOLLY BIVOTA KARAWANG Rivan Adriza Fahlevi; Khansa Aqilla; David Ramadhan A P Yudhistira; Dias Patut Pradana; Muhammad Abbas; Muhammad Naufal Hilal Ramadhan; Muhammad Arief Setiawan
Jurnal Porkes Vol 9 No 3 (2026): PORKES
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/porkes.v9i3.35651

Abstract

Suboptimal nutritional status can disrupt movement efficiency and reduce cardiorespiratory endurance in athletes, potentially hindering performance during training and competition. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory endurance (vo₂max) among athletes of the Bivota Karawang Volleyball Club. This research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The sample consisted of 35 athletes (aged 15–17 years) selected through purposive sampling. BMI was measured by comparing body weight (kg) and height squared (m²), while endurance was assessed using the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT). Data analysis was performed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test. The results showed that the majority of athletes had normal BMI (37%), followed by underweight (26%), overweight (23%), and obesity (14%). The endurance levels of athletes were predominantly in the moderate (34%) and good (29%) categories. The correlation test yielded a value of r = -0.996 with p = 0.000, indicating a very significant negative relationship between BMI and endurance. In conclusion, the higher the BMI value, the lower the cardiorespiratory endurance level of athletes. Therefore, regular monitoring of nutritional status, along with appropriate training programs and nutritional intake management, is essential to improve endurance and performance in volleyball athletes.
Analisis Biomekanika Fase Preparation, Execution, Dan Follow Through Pada Gerak Dasar Free Throw Atlet Club Basket Cikoti Syarif Hidayatullah; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; Habibi Hadi Wijaya
Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE) Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Human And Education (JAHE)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jh.v6i4.2902

Abstract

Free throw merupakan salah satu teknik shooting dalam permainan bola basket yang memiliki peluang penting dalam menghasilkan poin. Keberhasilan free throw dipengaruhi oleh koordinasi gerakan tubuh dan penerapan prinsip biomekanika yang berlangsung secara berkesinambungan pada fase preparation, execution, dan follow through. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan karakteristik biomekanika gerakan free throw pada ketiga fase tersebut pada atlet Club Basket Cikoti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 15 atlet Club Basket Cikoti yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui perekaman video gerakan free throw, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi Kinovea untuk memperoleh data sudut siku dan sudut lutut pada setiap fase gerakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada fase preparation, sudut siku berada pada rentang 73,1°–165° dan sudut lutut 113,4°–160°. Pada fase execution, sudut siku berada pada rentang 62,6°–145° dan sudut lutut 91,8°–176,5°. Sementara itu, pada fase follow through, sudut siku berada pada rentang 85,3°–178,5° dan sudut lutut 147,2°–176,6°. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi karakteristik biomekanika yang cukup besar antar-atlet pada ketiga fase. Perubahan sudut siku dan sudut lutut menunjukkan adanya koordinasi antara ekstremitas atas dan ekstremitas bawah dalam rangkaian gerakan free throw. Dengan demikian, analisis biomekanika menggunakan Kinovea dapat memberikan informasi objektif mengenai karakteristik gerakan free throw dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan evaluasi teknik bagi atlet dan pelatih dalam meningkatkan konsistensi serta efektivitas gerakan free throw. Kata Kunci: biomekanika, free throw, preparation, execution, follow through, Kinovea, bola basket.
Korelasi Tingkat Konsentrasi dan Kepercayaan Diri Atlet terhadap Keberhasilan Service pada Turnamen Tenis Meja Muhammad Amar; Muhammad Rifki Dharmawan; Willdan Demexsi Rahmat; Muhammad Nandi Agustin; Muhammad Arief Setiawan; A. Ine Aprilia Damai
Jurnal Olahraga dan Kesehatan Indonesia (JOKI) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Olahraga dan Kesehatan Indonesia (JOKI)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Olahraga dan Kesehatan Bina Guna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55081/joki.v7i1.6074

Abstract

Keberhasilan performa atlet dalam olahraga tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan fisik dan teknik, tetapi juga oleh aspek psikologis, seperti konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri. Dalam cabang olahraga tenis meja, service merupakan teknik dasar yang sangat menentukan jalannya pertandingan sehingga diperlukan kesiapan mental yang baik untuk mendukung keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri terhadap keberhasilan service pada turnamen tenis meja Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 atlet yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket skala Likert untuk mengukur tingkat konsentrasi dan kepercayaan diri serta tes keterampilan service untuk mengukur keberhasilan service atlet. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji korelasi Product Moment Pearson, dan uji regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat konsentrasi memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap keberhasilan service dengan nilai korelasi 0,684 dan kepercayaan diri memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan nilai korelasi 0,721. Secara simultan, kedua variabel memberikan kontribusi sebesar 62,6% terhadap keberhasilan service atlet tenis meja.