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Pola Peresepan Obat pada Pasien Diare Anak di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD dr. Abdoer Rahem-Situbondo Ninda Titis Ainorrochma; Ema Rachmawati; Diana Holidah
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 11 No 1 (2023): Volume 11 No.1, 2023
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v11i1.16608

Abstract

Diarrhea is defined clinically as increased bowel movements more than three times a day, accompanied by changes in stool consistency (becoming liquid) with or without blood within 24 hours. This disease often occurs in patients aged under five to children - children, usually lasts for several days, so that the body can lose important fluids such as water and salt needed for survival. Most patients die from diarrhea due to severe dehydration and fluid loss. This research was conducted to determine the pattern of drug prescription in pediatric diarrhea patients which includes the types and classes of drugs and how to administer the drug. The research method used was purposive sampling and using a retrospective descriptive approach. The sample of this study was diarrhea patients for children aged 0 months to 1 year who received treatment at the inpatient installation at RSUD dr. Abdoer Rahem Situbondo from January to December 2019. The treatment of diarrhea treatment included rehydration, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, analgesic-antipyretic and other drug classes such as antacids, anticonvulsants and mucolytics. From 108 samples of pediatric diarrhea patients found 82 patients (75.96%) used antimicrobial drugs.
Analisis Guessability Score dan Pemahaman Piktogram Kefarmasian pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Ema Rachmawati; Dhea Nanda Aliefia; Fransiska Maria Christianty
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 2023: Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2023.art3

Abstract

Background: Pharmaceutical pictograms can be used to help tuberculosis patients understand treatment information, especially those with low reading skills.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the guessability score and the level of understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms related to the use of TB drugs.Method: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used was 96 TB patients who were actively undergoing treatment. The guessability score and level of understanding were analyzed descriptively, while the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the level of understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms was analyzed using the Chi-square test.Results: The results showed that the guessability score of 23 pictograms tested on respondents varied greatly, with a score range of 29.2%–99%. Meanwhile, the level of respondents' understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms related to TB treatment was in the "fair" category. The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the level of respondents’ education and their understanding of pharmaceutical pictograms.Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that not all pictogram images were simple for respondents to understand. It is necessary to choose pictogram images that are easy for respondents to understand or redesign pictogram images so that they can be used to improve the effectiveness of drug information delivery to patients. Intisari Latar belakang: Gambar piktogram kefarmasian dapat digunakan untuk membantu pasien tuberkulosis memahami informasi pengobatan, khususnya untuk pasien dengan tingkat literasi rendah. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengukur kemampuan menerka (guessability score) dan pemahaman responden terhadap piktogram kefarmasian terkait pengobatan tuberkulosis.Metode: Penelitian observasional cross-sectional terhadap 96 responden pasien TB yang aktif menjalani pengobatan. Guessability score dan tingkat pemahaman dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan hubungan karakteristik sosio-demografi dengan tingkat pemahaman dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan menerka (guessability score) terhadap 23 gambar piktogram sangat beragam, dengan rentang skor 29,2% – 99%. Sedangkan tingkat pemahaman responden terhadap piktogram kefarmasian terkait pengobatan TB masuk dalam kategori “cukup”. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan terhadap tingkat pemahaman responden.Kesimpulan: Tidak semua gambar piktogram kefarmasian mudah dipahami oleh responden. Untuk itu perlu memilih gambar piktogram yang mudah dipahami reponden atau melakukan desain ulang gambar piktogram sehingga dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pemberian informasi obat pada pasien.Kata kunci: guessability score, pemahaman, piktogram kefarmasian, tuberculosis
Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku konsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional mahasiswa Universitas Jember saat pandemi COVID-19 Dhita Evi Aryani; Agnes Jovanka; Ema Rachmawati; Sinta Rachmawati; Ika Norcahyanti; Antonius Nugraha Widhi Pratama; Afifah Machlaurin; Fransiska Maria C.
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 2023: Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2023.art6

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been going on for 3 years since it was established by the WHO in 2020. COVID-19 can be prevented by improving the immune system by consuming supplements and traditional medicines.Objective: This study aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards supplements and traditional medicines used by Jember University students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: This research design was a cross-sectional observational analytic study. The sample size was 606 Jember University students. Samples were taken using the convenience sampling method with online questionnaire instruments. The data obtained were analyzed by Chi-Square, Fisher’s Exact, and descriptive.Results: During the pandemic, 45.9% of respondents consumed supplements and/or traditional remedies to maintain health (80.6%). Knowledge and attitudes showed a significant difference (p≤0.05), so it was concluded that knowledge affects attitudes towards supplements and traditional medicines used. Supplement use behavior showed that some were taking supplements and some were not for various reasons.Conclusion: The majority of respondents have knowledge and attitudes in the medium category. Sociodemographic factors that influence the knowledge and attitudes of Jember University students toward supplements and traditional medicine used during the COVID-19 pandemic were level of education and discipline. Respondents' behavior showed that most of them did not take supplements because they had been vaccinated. Intisari Latar belakang: COVID-19 sudah berlangsung selama 3 tahun semenjak WHO menetapkan sebagai pandemi di tahun 2020. COVID-19 dapat dicegah dengan meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh yang salah satu caranya adalah mengkonsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku konsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional mahasiswa Universitas Jember saat pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan jumlah sampel 606 mahasiswa Universitas Jember dengan desain cross-sectional yang diambil metode convenience sampling dengan instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner daring. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact dan deskriptif. Hasil: Terdapat 45,9% responden mengkonsumsi suplemen dan/atau obat tradisional selama masa pandemi untuk untuk menjaga kesehatan (80,6%). Pengetahuan dan sikap menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p≤0,05), sehingga diketahui bahwa pengetahuan dapat memengaruhi sikap. Perilaku pengunaan suplemen menunjukkan ada yang mengkonsumsi suplemen dan ada yang tidak dengan berbagai alasan.Kesimpulan: Mayoritas responden mempunyai pengetahuan dan sikap dalam kategori sedang (45,5%; 50,8%), dengan faktor sosiodemografi yang memengaruhi pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa Universitas Jember dalam konsumsi suplemen dan obat tradisional adalah tingkat pendidikan dan rumpun ilmu. Perilaku responden menunjukkan mayoritas mereka tidak mengkonsumsi suplemen karena sudah vaksin.Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, perilaku, suplemen, obat tradisional, mahasiswa, COVID-19
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Diare Menggunakan Metode ATC/DDD di Puskesmas Kalisat Kabupaten Jember Rachmawati, Ema; Husnun, Khoiriyah Haifa; Machlaurin, Afifah; Norcahyanti, Ika; Christianty, Fransiska Maria; Aryani, Dhita Evi
FARMASIS: Jurnal Sains Farmasi Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Farmasis: Jurnal Sains Farmasi Vol 5. No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36456/farmasis.v5i1.8777

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Diare merupakan masih menjadi masalah utama di seluruh dunia dan menjadi penyebab tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian di segala usia. Sebagian besar kasus diare disebabkan oleh virus bersifat self limiting disease. Namun sayangnya, diare menjadi salah satu penyakit yang rentan menyebabkan overuse dan misuse dari penggunaan antibiotik. Hal tersebut berpotensi meningkatkan resiko terjadinya resistensi antibiotik. Surveilans pola peresepan antibiotik merupakan bagian penting dalam pengendalian resistensi antibiotik dan perlu dilakukan secara secara rutin dari waktu ke waktu. Tujuan: Melakukan evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien diare di Puskesmas Kalisat Kabupaten Jember tahun 2021 menggunaakan metode ATC per DDD serta melihat kesesuiaan pemilihan antibiotik berdasarkan PPK tahun 2017. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan metode retrospektif. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 55 rekam medis pasien diare rawat jalan di Puskesmas Kalisat Kabupaten Jember tahun 2021 yang memenuhi kriteria. Data penggunaan antibiotik dihitung nilai sesuai indikator DDD per 1000 pasien per hari, Drug Utilization (DU) 90 persen serta kesesuaian dengan PPK 2017. Hasil: Karakteristik responden menunjukkan jumlah pasien diare perempuan lebih banyak dibanding pasien laki-laki (63,64 persen vs 36,36 persen). Persentase diare terbanyak terjadi pada kelompok usia 18-25 tahun dan 36-45 tahun dengan persentase masing-masing sebesar 21, 82 persen serta diagnosis paling banyak adalah gastroenteritis akut (GEA) yaitu sebesar 67,27 persen. Total penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien diare sebesar 5,98 DDD per 1000 pasien per hari dengan antibiotik yang sering diresepkan adalah kotrimoksazol dengan nilai 3,59 DDD per 1000 pasien per hari dan menyusun 60,13 persen dari segmen DU 90 persen. Persentase kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien GEA sebesar 94,59 persen. Sedangkan untuk pasien dengan diagnosis disentri, persentase kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik didapatkan sebesar 38,88 persen. Kesimpulan: Kotrimoxazol paling tinggi diresepkan dalam terapi diare di Puskesmas Kalisat Kabupaten Jember dan menunjukkan persentase 60,13 persen dalam segmen DU 90 persen, sehingga perlu adanya evaluasi terkait ketepatan penggunaan sebagai upaya untuk mengendalikan jumlah peresepan antibiotik tersebut guna mencegah resiko resistensi  antibiotik.
Mask Detection on Motorcyclists Using YOLOv4 Firdauz, Salma Salsabila; Rachmawati, Ema; Sulistiyo, Mahmud Dwi
Building of Informatics, Technology and Science (BITS) Vol 4 No 4 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47065/bits.v4i4.2980

Abstract

The use of mask is a mandatory for everyone in the pandemic regulation to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection. This becomes a pandemic regulation for everyone, especially in public places like in traffic situation, such as pedestrian and motorcyclists. However, many motorcyclists ignore this rule or do not use the mask properly, let alone they have high risk in being infected by the virus; Thus, a computer vision-based solution is required to help monitoring it. This study aims to built a system to automatically detect the use of mask on motorcyclists. Here, we propose a YOLOv4 model, one of YOLO variants, which is popular in the object detection task and featured with a considerably high speed in real-time situation. This study also implements domain adaptation to discuss the object detection performances. Based on the experimental results in various scenarios, our model obtained average accuracy of 78.3% and IoU of 64.8% for class with_mask, average accuracy of 78.4% and IoU of 56.3% for class without_mask, and average accuracy of 87% and IoU of 55.5% for class incorrect_mask
Drug Interaction Study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension Patients at X Hospital, Jember Regency Afifah, Hanin; Dewi, Ika Puspita; RACHMAWATI, Ema; HOLIDAH, DIANA; NORCAHYANTI, IKA
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jfm.v6i2.2051

Abstract

Diabetes melitus dan hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang saling berkaitan dan mempengaruhi satu sama lainnya. Hipertensi berkontribusi terhadap perkembangan dan perkembangan komplikasi mikrovaskular dan makrovaskular pada diabetes. Pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan komplikasi hipertensi dapat memperoleh banyak obat (polifarmasi). Hal ini berisiko menimbulkan Drug Related Problem, salah satunya interaksi obat. Adanya interaksi obat dapat menyebabkan kegagalan terapi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis risiko terjadinya interaksi obat pada pasien DM tipe 2 dengan komplikasi hipertensi. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif non eksperimental secara retrospektif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien rawat inap rumah sakit X di Jember. Sebanyak 32 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi selama durasi satu tahun data pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien paling banyak adalah pasien wanita dengan rentang usia 45 – 54 tahun dan 55 – 64 tahun dan penyakit penyerta paling banyak adalah peptic ulcer. Pengobatan diabetes paling banyak menggunakan terapi tunggal insulin short-acting, sedangkan terapi hipertensi menggunakan kombinasi candesartan dan amlodipin. Analisis potensi interaksi obat antara antidiabetes dan antihipertensi menunjukkan interaksi obat terjadi pada 17 pasien dengan kejadian tertinggi yaitu interaksi insulin short-acting dengan candesartan sebanyak sembilan kasus dengan tingkat interaksi mayoritas moderat.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Dewasa Rawat Inap di Puskesmas Sumbersari Jember dengan Metode ATC/DDD 2018 Zaenudin, Mohamad Nor; Rachmawati, Ema; Rachmawati, Sinta
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 11 No 3 (2023): Volume 11 No.3, 2023
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v11i3.16616

Abstract

Antibiotics are the most widely used drugs for bacterial infectious diseases. Irrational use of antibiotics affects the increase in morbidity and mortality, resistance, and cost burden. One method that can be used to overcome the problem of resistance is to evaluate the use of antibiotics. This study aims to evaluate the use of antibiotics in the Sumbersari Puskesmas in 2018 which was conducted quantitatively using the ATC / DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical / Defined Daily Dose) method. This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective data on adult patients undergoing hospitalization. Data on antibiotic use was obtained from 455 medical records for the 2018 period. Data taken included patient profiles, diagnosis, and antibiotic prescribing. The quantity of antibiotic use was calculated by the DDD 100 patient-days formula and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the disease most commonly suffered by adult patients was typhoid (30.5%). Besides, there are 7 types of antibiotics prescribed with a total DDD value of 36.93 DDD / 100 patient-days. The highest DDD value is ceftriaxone with a DDD value of 16.90 DDD / 100 patient-days.
Analisis Minimalisasi Biaya Penggunaan Antiplatelet Pada Pasien Stroke Infark Rawat Inap Ayssa Wicaksono; Ema Rachmawati; Ika Norcahyanti; Dhita Evi Aryani; Afifah Machlaurin
Journal of Agropharmacy Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Antiplatelets are crucial medications in the treatment of ischemic stroke patients. The management of stroke cases in Indonesia incurs substantial costs, reaching Rp. 3.2 billion annually. This study conducted a simple pharmacoeconomic research using Cost Minimization Analysis (CMA) method, utilizing medical records and patient financing data of ischemic stroke inpatients at RSUD Gambiran, Kediri City from January to December 2022. The study adopts a hospital perspective with the same outcome of patient recovery. Out of 659 stroke patients, 100 eligible participants, predominantly male aged 46-65 years with Diabetes Mellitus as the most common comorbidity, were included. Based on antiplatelet therapy profiles, the majority received a combination of clopidogrel and aspirin (65%), while 35% received clopidogrel monotherapy. The largest cost component was service cost amounting to Rp 2,898,606 (59.37%). According to CMA analysis, combination therapy showed cost-saving benefits compared to monotherapy in drug and medical equipment, laboratory, service, and total overall costs. Thus, for ischemic stroke patients with the same outcome of recovery, combination therapy of clopidogrel and aspirin isrecommended over clopidogrel monotherapy.
PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS JEMBER TENTANG HIV/AIDS Rachmawati, Sinta; Fauzia, Rizqi; Rachmawati, Ema
Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung Vol 8 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung: Sains Farmasi Dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51352/jim.v8i1.502

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In Indonesia, the number of people infected with HIV reaches 50,282 while the number of people with AIDS is 7,036. East Java is the province with the highest number of HIV infection cases in Indonesia, while AIDS is in the third position. Jember Regency is the fifth largest district/city reporting AIDS cases in East Java Province. Knowledge is closely related to attitude. Good knowledge will affect a positive attitude, and vice versa. Stigma can be formed because there is no knowledge about how HIV/AIDS is transmitted. Ignorance causes fear so that an attitude of rejection is formed towards People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aims to determine the knowledge of students at the University of Jember towards HIV/AIDS. This research was conducted in 2021 with a cross-sectional research design. Data was collected online based on a questionnaire adapted from Shokoohi et al. (2016). There were 378 students involved in the study. There were 24 questions about HIV/AIDS. The level of knowledge was divided into 3: low (correct score ≤ 12), medium (correct score 13-18) and high (correct score ≥ 19). A total of 80.2% of students have a high level of knowledge. Most of the respondents knew the main routes of HIV transmission and answered correctly about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS. It is necessary to conduct a follow-up reseach in a broader population.
Pengenalan Berpikir Komputasional Melalui Tantangan Bebras 2024: Studi Implementasi di Bandung Raya Rachmawati, Ema; Ciptasari, Rimba Whidiana; Ningsih, Lidya; Firdaus, Fauzan
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademisi Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Akademisi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54099/jpma.v4i2.1265

Abstract

Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir komputasional di kalangan pelajar menjadi penting di era digital, terutama untuk mempersiapkan mereka menghadapi tantangan teknologi. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan melalui workshop Tantangan Bebras 2024 yang bertujuan untuk mengenalkan konsep Berpikir Komputasional (BK) kepada siswa di jenjang SD, SMP, dan SMA. Kegiatan ini mencakup pelatihan soal-soal interaktif, penerapan strategi pemecahan masalah, dan simulasi Tantangan Bebras secara daring. Dengan melibatkan 814 peserta, program ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan minat siswa dalam STEM dan mempersiapkan mereka menghadapi Tantangan Bebras 2024. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi koordinasi dengan mitra, pengelolaan data peserta, dan simulasi melalui Learning Management System (LMS). Hasilnya menunjukkan partisipasi aktif siswa dan peningkatan pemahaman mereka terhadap BK. Program ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan kualitas pendidikan berbasis teknologi di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Berpikir Komputasional; Tantangan Bebras; STEM; Pendidikan