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All Journal Yustisia Brawijaya Law Journal : Journal of Legal Studies Arena Hukum Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Jurnal Konstitusi PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah (PJKIHdS) Constitutional Review Lex Scientia Law Review Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences International Journal of Business, Law, and Education International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) IBLAM Law Review Jurnal Konstitusi Human Rights in The Global South (HRGS)
Muchamad Ali Safaat
Universitas Brawijaya
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Neuroscience Social Sciences Other

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Dualisme Model Pengujian Peraturan Daerah Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja Nurul Aprianti; Muchamad Ali Safa’at; Indah Dwi Qurbani
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 9 No. 2: August 2021 : Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v9i2.919

Abstract

Tulisan bertujuan untuk menguraikan secara khusus tentang validitas norma dalam Pasal 181 ayat (2) Bab XIII Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang dikaitkan dengan model pengujian peraturan daerah melalui judicial review. Ketentuan tersebut mengatur mengenai harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi peraturan daerah yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah. Adapun menurut Pasal 24A ayat (1) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 kewenangan menguji peraturan perundang-undangan di bawah Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang berada di tangan Mahkamah Agung melalui mekanisme judicial review. Hal tersebut juga ditegaskan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Putusan Nomor 137/PUU-XIII/2015 dan Nomor 56/PUU-XIV/2016 terkait pembatalan norma pengujian peraturan daerah oleh Pemerintah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan teori hukum yang terkait. Hasil kajian penelitian ini adalah bahwa norma Pasal 181 ayat (2) Bab XIII Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja tersebut invalid. Konsep mekanisme harmonisasi dan sinkronisasi peraturan daerah yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah alangkah sebaiknya dibatasi pada saat masih berupa rancangan peraturan daerah. Hal tersebut guna untuk mewujudkan kepastian hukum sehingga penegakan hukum menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien.
QUO VADIS THE LEGAL POLITICS OF FILLING CONSTITUTIONAL JUDGE POSITIONS IN INDONESIA Nur Rizkiya Muhlas; Muchamad Ali Safa’at; Indah Dwi Qurbani
IBLAM LAW REVIEW Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): IBLAM LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM IBLAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52249/ilr.v3i2.128

Abstract

The unconstitutional dismissal of Aswanto as a constitutional judge by the DPR has faced much opposition from legal scholars. The actions of the DPR stem from its inherent authority as an institution that can propose three constitutional judges. Therefore, the DPR believes that as a proposing institution, it can oversee and dismiss constitutional judges during their term, which is not part of its authority. The mechanism of selecting constitutional judges with the three-branch model of government has caused problems and confusion in the constitutional law. This article will focus on discussing the Quo Vadis of the legal politics of filling the position of constitutional judges, which comes from the three branches of government and the reconstruction of the mechanism for filling the position of constitutional judges in the future. This research has produced several discussion points, including: (1) the legal politics of filling the position of constitutional judges by the three branches of judicial power, which is a reflection of the checks and balances, has been misused by the DPR as an instrument to weaken the body of the Constitutional Court, especially the independence of constitutional judges. (2) The reconstruction of the institution proposing constitutional judges can be carried out by the Judicial Commission by aligning the proposing institutions of the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court.
RATIO LEGIS REQUIREMENTS FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION (SMA) OR THE EQUIVALENT FOR PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Reza Guritna Hutama; Muchamad Ali Safa’at; Indah Dwi Qurbani
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2023): November
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v3i6.1152

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze the ratio legis setting the minimum education requirements for senior high school or its equivalent for a presidential candidate from the study of treatises on discussing educational needs as well as to find out the conditions that can be used in determining the ability of a presidential candidate. The research method used by the author is a normative legal research method, by researching principles, synchronization, systematics, and legal comparisons. The author uses this type of normative legal research because, in formulating the problem, the author emphasizes the legal ratio to the educational requirements of a presidential candidate in Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections. This is influenced by the emergence of the author's curiosity about reasoning (ratio legis) from the minimum requirements for senior high school school or the equivalent for presidential candidates in Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections. The Indonesian House of Representatives is expected to be able to reformulate the development of regulations on educational requirements for presidential and vice-presidential candidates in Indonesia. The burden of duties carried out by a president certainly requires more ability to carry out the mandate that the people have entrusted to him in leading the running of the government. In this case, education is one of the components to assess a president's competence and ability.
IUS CONSTITUENDUM CONTROL OF PRESIDENT’S AUTHORITY IN ENACTING GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS IN LIEU OF LAWS TO MINIMIZE ABUSE OF POWER Adithya Tri Firmansyah R; Muchamad Ali Safa’at; Tunggul Anshari Setia Negara
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): January
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v4i1.1327

Abstract

This research came from requestioning the existence of presidential’s subjective authority in enacting governmental ruling as replacement to a Law (hereinafter will be referred as Perppu), as according to Article 22 Clause (1) of Republic of Indonesia’s basic law of 1945 which havent ruled the strict limitation of presidential authority in determining matters of outmost emergency, this should be questioned because in reality indonesia still yet to fully shows an image befitting democratic country of law because the nonexistence of adequate control over the use of institutional power, and based on that, this research is necessary to be executed for it to offers a control of authority model for enacting a perppu by The President, result and topic of this research concluded that: First, when reading about history of Indonesian Constitution, there is nowhere to be found an adequate explanation about the existence of terms in Article 22 clause (1) Republic of Indoneisa’s basic law of 1945, but from developing doctrines, said terms are influenced by regulation about affairs of state during Dutch East-Indies era which providing clues about the exisrtence about matters of outmost emergency. Second, Presidential authority in determining matters of outmost emergency which take shape in form of perppu, is need to be controlled in the future by reconstruction the objectivity of Perppu in Parliament, inside a framework of meaningful participation and reconstruction of Constitutional Court’s authority on judicial control against the enactment of Perppu to minimize Abuse of Power.
The Hierarchical Model of Delegated Legislation in Indonesia Al-Fatih, Sholahuddin; Safaat, Muchamad Ali; Widiarto, Aan Eko; Al Uyun, Dhia; Nur, Muhammad
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Justice in Broader Context: Contemporary and Controversial Issues in Indonesia an
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lesrev.v7i2.74651

Abstract

In a democratic rule of law like Indonesia, delegated legislation emerges as a necessity. Unfortunately, Article 8, paragraph (1) of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Laws and Regulations, in conjunction with Law Number 13 of 2022 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 12 of 2011, fails to articulate a clear hierarchy of delegated regulations. Employing a juridical-normative research approach encompassing statutory, historical, and conceptual dimensions, this study sheds light on the prevailing legal vacuum. The research reveals that a staggering 24,052 regulations at the level of Ministries, Agencies, and State Institutions run the risk of overlapping and becoming subject to judicial review in the Supreme Court. The definition of Delegated Legislations in Indonesia, as interpreted herein, is confined to regulations whose legal construction is executed by the executive, as long as formal legal norms continue to confer the authority of delegation in the legislative domain to implement superior regulations. This paper identifies three distinct models governing the structuring of Delegated Legislations within the hierarchy of laws and regulations in Indonesia. These models include the Hierarchical model based on the legal foundation of institution formation, the Hierarchical model based on the position of the institution, and the Hierarchical model based on the source of delegated authority in forming rules. This nuanced exploration seeks to address the complexities surrounding delegated legislation, aiming to provide clarity and coherence within the Indonesian legal framework.
Human Rights and Democracy: Can the President's Constitutional Disobedience Be Used as Grounds for Impeachment? Aritonang, Syofina Dwi Putri; Muchamad Ali Safa'at; Riana Susmayanti
Human Rights in the Global South (HRGS) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Serikat Pengajar Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56784/hrgs.v3i1.80

Abstract

The protection of human rights is essential in a democratic society. This paper examines the historical context of regulating presidential impeachment in relation to human rights violations by exploring the legal framework governing such actions, particularly focusing on the President's response to the Constitutional Court's decision. For instance, the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 declared the Job Creation Act conditionally unconstitutional and prohibited the issuance of any implementing regulations based on it. Nevertheless, the President went ahead and issued Presidential Regulation Number 113 of 2021, which constitutes a violation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the 1945 Constitution. This study used normative legal research, with statutory and comparative approaches, and interpreted legal materials through constitutional and historical lenses. The findings indicate that Indonesia, having similar experiences of the United States, South Korea, and the Philippines, lacks comprehensive regulations for impeaching the President based on human rights violations. Additionally, there is a gap in the regulations concerning the President's defiance of the Constitutional Court's decisions. Therefore, this paper proposes that the definition of violations related to impeachment be limited to the President's oaths as stated in Article 9(1) of the 1945 Constitution. If the President fails to comply with the Constitutional Court's decision, they should be held accountable through the impeachment process. Finally, it is necessary to amend Article 10(3)(d) of the Constitutional Court Act to include specific qualifications for presidential misconduct.
Conditional Decisions as Instrument Guarding the Supremacy of the Constitution (Analysis of conditional decisions of Indonesian Constitutional Court in 2003 - 2017) Safa'at, Muchamad Ali; Eko Widiarto, Aan
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): Contemporary Issue in Private Law
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.blj.2021.008.01.06

Abstract

The function of the Indonesian Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution is mainly conducted through the judicial review authority. From 2003 to April 2021, the Constitutional Court has received and decided 1392 petitions over judicial review. In its dictums, the Constitutional Court often declares conditionally constitutional or conditionally unconstitutional (conditional decision). The conditional decision is a decision of the Court that declares the reviewed norm conditionally constitutional or unconstitutional. The norm is constitutional if interpreted according to the Court interpretation, or the norm is unconstitutional if interpreted in specific ways. This research investigates the criteria of judicial review decisions that declare conditionally constitutional and conditionally unconstitutional according to the characteristics of norms of the law reviewed. The analysis was limited to the Court decisions from 2003 to 2017. The research result indicates that distinguishing characteristics of norms reviewed have no correlation with conditionally constitutional or conditionally unconstitutional options.  Conditionally Constitutional Decision was used by the Court before replaced by Conditionally Unconstitutional Decision due to the weakness of decision implementation. For conditionally unconstitutional decisions are connected to the substance of the decision, creating a new norm that replaces, limit, or elaborate reviewed norm. The conditional decision is still required due to the following three aspects: enforcement of the supremacy of the constitution, the presumption of validity, and strengthening the execution of Constitutional Court decisions.
The Politics of Indonesia's Decentralization Law Based on Regional Competency Prasetyo, Ngesti Dwi; Fadli, Moh.; Anshari SN, Tunggul; Safa'at, Muchamad Ali
Brawijaya Law Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): State Administration Role in Establishing Constitutional Obligation
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.blj.2021.008.02.01

Abstract

Local governments have undergone various regulatory developments since Indonesia's independence 75 years ago. Various aspects underlying the development and changes in local government policies can be analyzed using several approaches, such as historical, philosophical, and sociological. This paper will discuss how the legal politics of the development of local government implementation, especially in terms of decentralization. Furthermore, the author will explain about the opportunities for implementing decentralization based on regional capacity to promote welfare of society. This research is normative juridical research using historical approach, conceptual approach, and legal approach. It can be said that the implementation and development of local government implementation is strongly influenced by various aspects other than the legal factor itself. Furthermore, there is still the possibility of implementing decentralization based on regional capacity as an effort to promote social welfare.
Constitutional Parameters of Judicial Activism in the Indonesian Constitutional Court Faisyah, Nur; Safa'at, Muchamad Ali; Susmayanti, Riana
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i1.1073

Abstract

This study examines the evolving role of Indonesia's Constitutional Court, specifically the tension between its constitutional mandate as a negative legislator and instances of judicial activism approaching positive legislation. Using normative legal research methodology, the research analyzes two landmark decisions, No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 and No. 62/PUU-XXII/2024, to distinguish between legitimate constitutional review and potential judicial overreach. The findings reveal that while judicial activism can strengthen constitutional checks and balances when properly constrained, it risks undermining democratic legitimacy when extending to the creation of new legal norms. The study proposes a five-parameter framework emphasizing constitutional supremacy, compelling justification, substantive justice conditions, procedural integrity, and institutional restraint to guide judicial interpretation within constitutional boundaries. This framework contributes to resolving the fundamental challenge of balancing judicial independence with democratic accountability in Indonesia's evolving constitutional landscape, ensuring the Court can effectively safeguard constitutional rights without compromising democratic processes.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Aan Eko Widiarto Adithya Tri Firmansyah R Agnes Harvelian Aritonang, Syofina Dwi Putri Demas Brian W Dhia Al Uyun, Dhia Fadli, Moh. Faisyah, Nur Fajar Laksono Fajar Laksono Suroso Fajar Laksono Suroso, Fajar Laksono I Dewa Gde Mayun Permana I Nyoman Nurjaya Indah Dwi Qurbani Mardian Wibowo Milda Istiqomah Muhammad Nur Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo Nur Rizkiya Muhlas Nurul Aprianti Rachmad Safa’at Reza Guritna Hutama Riana Susmayanti Sholahuddin Al-Fatih Sudarsono Sudarsono Tunggul Ansari Setia Negara