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Morphological characteristics of Phalaenopsis hybrids treated with 1500 ppm colchicine Samanhudi Samanhudi; Sri Hartati; Ida Rumia Manurung; Ayu Lestari
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i3.64689

Abstract

The increasing number of Phalaenopsis sp. enthusiasts needs to be balanced with the availability of good-quality cultivars, one of which can be achieved by improving flower morphological characteristics through colchicine induction. Colchicine-induced plants often exhibit superior traits such as larger, thicker, and more durable flowers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 1500 ppm colchicine concentration on the floral morphological characteristics of the Phalaenopsis sp., with a particular focus on flower size, petal thickness, and sepal morphology. This research provides genetic diversity information on Phalaenopsis sp., which can serve as a basis for future breeding programs and as a reference material for orchid growers and researchers. The materials used were flower buds of three Phalaenopsis varieties: Phalaenopsis Fuller’s Sunset, Phalaenopsis Golden Tree, and Phalaenopsis OX X-Ray. Each treatment was replicated three times. Morphological data were analyzed qualitatively through scoring and converted into binary data according to the Guide Book of Orchid Plant Characterization by the Ornamental Plant Research Center (2007). The results showed that 1500 ppm colchicine affects Phalaenopsis Fullers Sunset in the form of rhombus-shaped petals, and on Phalaenopsis Golden Tree in the form of pointed lateral sepal tips, concave transverse and longitudinal cross-sections of petals, and on Phalaenopsis OX X-Ray in the form of split dorsal sepal edges, and open petal arrangement. Overall, colchicine treatment also induced apparent enlargement of flowers in all three Phalaenopsis hybrids. Keywords: chromosome; flower morphology; mutagenesis; ornamental plant; polyploidy
In vitro growth of Coelogyne hybrid (Coelogyne pandurata x Coelogyne rumphii) on medium 2.4D and BAP Ahmad Yunus; Sri Hartati; Samanhudi
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i3.66556

Abstract

Coelogyne is a genus of ornamental orchids renowned for its distinctive floral characteristics and high conservation and economic value, particularly Coelogyne pandurata, which is commonly referred to as a black orchid. Efforts in cultivating black orchids in vitro require media modification with the addition of growth regulators to optimize plant development. Growth regulators that can be used include auxins and cytokinins. This study evaluates the effects of 2.4D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ) and BAP on the in vitro growth and shoot proliferation of Coelogyne pandurata X Coelogyne rumphii hybrid seedlings. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two factors: 2,4-D and BAP, each with four concentration levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 ppm), resulting in 16 treatment combinations. The variables observed were the percentage of callus formation, callus color, shoot number, root number, leaf number, and plant length. The results showed that the optimal callus growth was achieved with a combination of 2,4-D at 0.5 ppm and BAP at 0.5 ppm, resulting in 100% callus formation. The 2,4-D treatment yields the optimum results in terms of leaf numbers (23.56) and plant height (2.15 cm), while the 1.5 ppm BAP treatment achieves the optimum results in terms of leaf numbers (31) and shoot numbers (22.39). Keywords: auxin; black orchid; callus; cytokinin; plant growth regulator
Diversifikasi Tanaman Pekarangan Dengan Tanaman Alpukat Untuk Meningkatkan Gizi Keluarga Hartati, Sri; Yunus, Ahmad; Nandariyah, Nandariyah; Yuniastuti, Endang; Pujiasmanto, Bambang; Purwanto, Edi; Samanhudi, Samanhudi; Sulandjari, Sulandjari; Ratriyanto, Adi; Prastowo, Sigit; Manurung, Ida Rumia; Suryanti, Venty; Susilowati, Ari; Artanti, Anif Nur; Mulyani, Sri; Dirgahayu, Paramasari
SEMAR (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, Teknologi, dan Seni bagi Masyarakat) Vol 11, No 2 (2022): November
Publisher : LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/semar.v11i2.61199

Abstract

Alpukat (Persea americana) merupakan buah yang sudah sangat dikenal dan digemari oleh masyarakat. Alpukat diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai antioksidan, antidiabetik dan efek hipolipidemik. Nutrisi yang terkandung dalam buah alpukat mampu membantu memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi harian tubuh. Namun, cara budidaya tanaman Alpukat  sangat berpengaruh pada khasiat atau kualitas dan kuantitas dari produk yang dihasilkan. Sehingga diperlukan pemahaman tentang cara budidaya tanaman Alpukat kepada masyarakat. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah agar masyarakat lebih memahami cara budidaya tanaman alpukat sebagai tanaman pekarangan dan mengetahui manfaat buah Alpukat dalam meningkatkan gizi keluarga. Kegiatan pengabdian sudah dilaksanakan dengan metode penyuluhan dengan penyampaian materi tentang budidaya tanaman Alpukat, manfaat Alpukat, serta berbagai olahan Alpukat sedangkan pada akhir sesi dilakukan pemberian bibit Alpukat serta pupuk pada masing-masing peserta. Kegiatan yang sudah terlaksana ini bermanfaat untuk menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat khususnya masyarakat Kelurahan Wonokarto tentang budidaya tanaman Alpukat dan keanekaragaman manfaat Alpukat untuk kesehatan.Kata Kunci: alpukat; budidaya; penyuluhan; pupuk
GROWTH RESPONSE AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF THREE ECHINACEA PURPUREA ACCESSIONS AT DIFFERENT WATERING INTERVALS Rina Puji Lestari; Ahmad Yunus; Samanhudi
Agrisaintifika: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Agrisaintifika
Publisher : Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32585/ags.v10i2.8144

Abstract

Drought is widely recognized as one of the most critical environmental constraints limiting plant growth and development, particularly in medicinal species such as Echinacea purpurea. This research was conducted to assess the growth performance and drought tolerance of three E. purpurea accessions exposed to different watering regimes. The study employed a completely randomized design arranged factorially, consisting of two experimental factors, namely accession (three accessions) and watering interval (1, 3, 5, and 7 days), with each treatment replicated five times. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and significant differences among treatments were further evaluated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% probability level. The findings revealed that watering interval had a significant influence on plant growth, while the effect of accession was less pronounced for most observed variables. Daily watering resulted in superior growth performance, as reflected by greater plant height and a higher number of leaves. In contrast, extending the watering interval led to a marked reduction in growth. Among the evaluated accessions, accession 3 consistently exhibited better adaptation under limited water availability. Furthermore, differences in root-to-shoot ratio under drought conditions suggest the occurrence of adaptive mechanisms that enable plants to cope with water deficit stress. Overall, the results indicate that watering interval plays a more decisive role than accession in determining the growth of E. purpurea, whereas accession 3 possesses the greatest potential for drought tolerance. Keywords: drought stress, Echinacea purpurea, growth, drought tolerance
Rice response to cadmium bioremediation using sorghum and mycorrhiza PUJI HARSONO; NUR AZIZAH USWATUN HASANAH; EDI PURWANTO; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090219

Abstract

Abstract. Harsono P, Hasanah NAU, Purwanto E, Samanhudi. 2025. Rice response to cadmium bioremediation using sorghum and mycorrhiza. Asian J Agric 9: 522-532. Cadmium (Cd) contamination at 2.9 mg kg-¹ in paddy soils reduces rice productivity and threatens food safety. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) phytoremediation combined with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in improving rice growth under mild Cd contamination. A factorial randomized complete block design with two cropping systems (seed vs. ratoon, where the same crop is re-grown from the stubble or roots of the first crop) and seven remediation treatments (control; three sorghum varieties (Super 1, Samurai 1, Kawali) combine with/without 10 g AMF plot-¹) was applied in 42 plots (3×4 m). Rice cv. IR 64 was transplanted 30 days after remediation. Significant interactions (p<0.05) between cropping system and remediation treatment occurred for plant height and leaf area. The Kawali + AMF treatment produced the most significant gains relative to the control: plant height +7.7%, leaf area +207%, chlorophyll +236% and total dry biomass +152%, while extending the vegetative phase by 23%. Improvements were consistent across sorghum seed and sorghum ratoon systems, indicating that remediation benefits persist beyond the first harvest. Ratoon sorghum-maintained remediation benefits, with 7-10% taller plants and 8% greater leaf area than the control, despite slightly reduced canopy size compared with seed sorghum; all sorghum treatments delayed flowering by ~11 days, indicating reduced Cd stress. High-biomass sorghum, especially Kawali, combined with AMF, enhances rice growth and physiology while stabilizing Cd, providing a scalable remediation strategy for sustainable rice production in Cd-contaminated tropical agroecosystems.
Effects of nutrient solution and substrate on Limnocharis flava performance in hydroponic systems RIZKA NOVI SESANTI; EDI PURWANTO; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; SUDADI SUDADI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090225

Abstract

Abstract. Sesanti RN, Purwanto E, Samanhudi, Sudadi. 2025. Effects of nutrient solution and substrate on Limnocharis flava performance in hydroponic systems. Asian J Agric 9: 590-597. Limnocharis flava is a promising aquatic vegetable for substrate-based hydroponic cultivation. However, the optimal combination of nutrient concentrations and substrate types to maximize growth under hydroponic conditions remains unclear. This study evaluated five nutrient solution concentrations (0, 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, and 3.2 dS m-¹) and three substrate types (volcanic sand, rice husk charcoal, and a 1:1 mixture) in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Nutrient concentrations of 0.8 and 1.6 dS m-¹ produced the highest plant height (28.48 cm and 28.20 cm), number of leaves (11.31 and 11.03), shoot dry weight (4.61 g and 4.74 g), root fresh weight (13.20 g and 12.43 g), and root dry weight (0.76 g and 0.74 g). Both lower and higher concentrations inhibited growth, indicating optimal thresholds for nutrient uptake. Chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll contents were similar across the 0.8-3.2 dS m-¹ range, but consistently higher than the control. The leaf greenness index showed a significant interaction between nutrient concentration and substrate type, with the highest value at 2.4 dS m-¹ in the mixed substrate. A nutrient concentration of 1.6 dS m-¹ produced the best overall performance. Based on these results, a combination of 1.6 dS m-¹ nutrient solution and a 1:1 mixture of volcanic sand and rice husk charcoal is recommended for the cultivation of L. flava. These findings establish baseline guidelines for hydroponic cultivation of L. flava and highlight its potential to advance precision hydroponics for indigenous vegetables, thereby contributing to food security and sustainable agriculture.
Pemberian Pupuk Nano NPK Organik Terhadap Hasil Bawang Merah Endang Setyowati; Samanhudi Samanhudi; Muji Rahayu
Agrosains : Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi Vol 26, No 2 (2024): Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agsjpa.v26i2.97626

Abstract

The continuous use of chemical fertilizers can reduce nutrient absorption efficiency and contribute to gas emissions that trigger global warming. One solution to increase nutrient absorption efficiency is to use nano fertilizers. This study aims to evaluate the effect of organic NPK nano fertilizer application on shallot yield. The research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) arranged in a factorial design, consisting of two treatment factors with 12 treatment combinations repeated three times. Fertilization of shallot plants by applying nano NPK fertilizers up to a dose of Nitrogen 220, Phosphorus 160, and Potassium 120 kg/ha can increase the growth variables of shallot plants. The best results were obtained in the Crok Kuning variety with nano fertilizer doses of Nitrogen 220, Phosphorus 160, Potassium 120 kg/ha, and the Tajuk variety with nano fertilizer doses of Nitrogen 160, Phosphorus 100, Potassium 60 kg/ha, which produced the optimal number of tubers. However, in both Crok Kuning and Tajuk varieties, the application of nano NPK fertilizers did not have a significant effect on plant fresh weight, leaf area index, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, tuber weight per plant, and tuber diameter. Further research can be conducted with the method of fertilizer application through the leaves and using different varieties.
Genetic Diversity of Three Types of Curcuma Using Molecular Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers Andriyana Setyawati; Samanhudi Samanhudi; Zuraida Anniswa Bachtiar
Agrotechnology Research Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Agrotechnology Research Journal
Publisher : Perkumpulan Agroteknologi/Agroekoteknologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agrotechresj.v9i1.84303

Abstract

The genus Curcuma comprises numerous species with high medicinal value, many exhibiting morphological similarities that complicate taxonomic identification and hinder breeding efforts. This study aimed to elucidate the genetic diversity and relationships among three closely related species, Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma purpurascens (temu tis), and Curcuma mangga using Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Genetic material was extracted from rhizome samples and amplified using five SRAP primer combinations, producing 56 loci with an average polymorphism percentage of 69.64%. The result showed a high genetic similarity (82%) between C. longa and C. purpurascens, whereas C. mangga exhibited a more distant relationship (55% similarity), indicating a narrower genetic base among the former two species. Additionally, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity, with turmeric showing the highest flavonoid concentration (25.95% w/w), and C. mangga exhibiting the strongest antioxidant activity (42.12% wb). These findings highlight the effectiveness of SRAP markers in differentiating morphologically similar species and provide valuable genetic and phytochemical insights to support the conservation, breeding, and pharmacological development of Curcuma species. Integrating molecular and biochemical data underscores the potential for selecting superior varieties for both agricultural and medicinal applications.
Effects of Leucaena Leaf Extract as a Liquid Organic Biostimulant and Harvest Timing on Yield and Seed Quality of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) in Dryland Systems Samanhudi Samanhudi; Elvy Carolina Pane; Hassan Bashir
Agrotechnology Research Journal Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Agrotechnology Research Jurnal
Publisher : Perkumpulan Agroteknologi/Agroekoteknologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/agrotechresj.v9i2.112685

Abstract

Sesame productivity and seed quality in dryland systems are often constrained by low soil fertility and inappropriate harvest timing. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Leucaena leucocephala leaf extract applied as a liquid organic biostimulant and different harvest timings on growth, yield, seed quality, and oil content of sesame cultivated under dryland conditions. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized complete block design with four extract doses (0, 100, 200, and 300 mL plant⁻¹) and three harvest timings (95, 102, and 109 days after planting). Vegetative growth parameters, yield components, seed physical and physiological quality, and oil content were measured and analyzed. The results showed that increasing extract doses significantly enhanced vegetative growth, capsule formation, seed weight, and total seed yield, with the highest yield obtained at 300 mL plant⁻¹. Harvest timing strongly influenced seed physiological quality and oil accumulation. Seeds harvested at 102 days after planting exhibited the highest germination performance and oil content, whereas earlier or later harvest reduced quality attributes. A moderate extract dose (200 mL plant⁻¹) combined with harvest at 102 days optimized seed quality and oil content, while higher doses favored yield maximization. These findings indicate that synchronizing organic nutrient management with appropriate harvest timing is essential to balance yield and quality in sustainable dryland sesame production systems.
Effect of Dolomite and NPK on The Growth and Yield of off-Season Shallots Iswahyudi Iswahyudi; Eddy Tri Haryanto; Supriyono Supriyono; Fitrotunnisa Al-batul; Samanhudi Samanhudi; Erni Irawati; Muji Rahayu; Edi Purwanto
Tropical Plantation Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2026): TROPICAL PLANTATION JOURNAL
Publisher : Akademi Komunitas Perkebunan Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56125/tpj.v5i1.74

Abstract

Shallot is a high-value horticultural commodity. Its productivity often declines due to suboptimal soil conditions, such as low pH and imbalanced nutrient availability, especially when cultivated off-season. This study aimed to determine the optimal combination of dolomite and NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) fertilizer for the growth and yield of shallot cultivated in the off-season. The research was conducted in Ngringo Village, Jaten District, Karanganyar Regency from February-April 2025. The method used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was dolomite doses (0; 2000; and 4000 kg.ha-1) and NPK fertilizer doses (250; 375; and 500 kg.ha-1). Observed parameters were plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry biomass weight, fresh and dry bulb weight, number of bulbs per plant, and bulb diameter. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% significance level and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with 95% significance level when significant differences were found. The results showed no significant interaction between dolomite and NPK fertilizer on shallot growth and yield. Dolomite at 2000 kg.ha-1 significantly increased the number of leaves, while NPK fertilizer had no significant effect. However, 250 kg.ha-1 of NPK fertilizer produced similar results to higher doses, indicating potential fertilizer efficiency. Environmental conditions such as high humidity and low light intensity likely influenced treatment effectiveness.
Co-Authors Adi Ratriyanto Agastya Putra Pradipta Agnofi Merdeka Efendi AHMAD YUNUS Ahmad Yunus Ahmad Yunus Alfida Muthi’ah AMALIA TETRANI SAKYA AMALIA TETRANI SAKYA Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya Amalia Tetrani Sakya, Amalia Tetrani ANDRIYANA SETYAWATI ANDRIYANA SETYAWATI Andriyana Setiyawati Andriyana Setyawati Anif Nur Artanti, Anif Nur Anindya Saras ANIVERSARI APRIANA Anne Sukmawati ARI SUSILOWATI ATMITRI SISHARMINI Ayu Lestari BAMBANG PUJIASMANTO Bambang Pujiasmanto Bambang Pujiasmanto Bambang Pujiasmanto Bambang Pujiasmanto Bambang Pujiasmanto Dewi Selvia Maulida Saputri Dewi, Reni Surya Dhimas Taufika Putra DIDIK SUDIHARDJO Djoko Purnomo Djoko Purnomo Djoko Purnomo Dwi Hardjoko Dwi Harjoko Eddy Tri Haryanto EDI PURWANTO EDI PURWANTO EDI PURWANTO Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto EDI PURWANTO EDI PURWANTO Edi Purwanto Edi Purwanto EKA HANDAYANTA Elvy Carolina Pane ENDANG YUNIASTUTI Endang Setyowati ENDANG YUNIASTUTI Erni Irawati Eviani Eviani FAROUQ HEIDAR BARIDO Fitri Aprillia Fitria Roviqowati Fitrotunnisa Al-batul Gani Cahyo Gani Cahyo Handoyo Gani Cahyo Handoyo Hadiandra Harfiansyah Hardjoko, Dwi HASAN BASRI JUMIN Hassan Bashir Hassan Bashir Himawan Joko Riswanda Ida Rumia Manurung Ida Rumia Manurung Ida Rumia Manurung Indah Tri Retnosari Indrawan Fahmi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iswahyudi Iwan Dewangga Joko Prihanto Kevin Putra Setyawan Lixin Zhang MARINA RUZYATI Mochammad Danny Sukardan Muhammad Aji Cahyadi Muhammad Imam Wicaksono Muhammad Imam Wicaksono Muhammad Naufal Adani MUJI RAHAYU Muji Rahayu Muji Rahayu Muji Rahayu MUMTAZ MUAWANAH Nadia Alifia Rahma Nandariyah, Nandariyah Naufal Ghazy Wicaksono Nugraheni Nugraheni NUR AZIZAH USWATUN HASANAH NUR AZIZAH USWATUN HASANAH Nurkholis Majid Okky Talitha ONGKO CAHYONO ONGKO CAHYONO Paramasari Dirgahayu PUJI HARSONO Puji Harsono PUJI HARSONO Purwanto Purwanto Qonita Rahma Dwiyanti Rahayu, Ria Muji Rahmanto Rahmanto Retna Bandriyati Arniputri Retna Bandriyati Arniputri Retna Bandriyati Arniputri Retna Bandriyati Arniputri Retna Bandriyati Arniputri Riandy Adhitya Rina Puji Lestari RIZKA NOVI SESANTI S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Saat Egra Saras, Anindya Satya Primasasta Zulhivan SELVIA SUTRIANA SETIYANINGSIH, ARY SHOLAHUDDIN SHOLAHUDDIN Sigit PRASTOWO Siti Mardhika Sari Sri Hartati SRI HARTATI Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Hartati Sri Mulyani SUDADI SUDADI Sudarmi Sudarmi Sulandjari Sulandjari, Sulandjari Supriyono Supriyono SUSANTI INDRIYA WATI TRI JOKO SANTOSO Tyas Alivia Wulandari Venty Suryanti Wartoyo Wartoyo Zuraida Anniswa Bachtiar