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Impact Assessment on Mental Rehabilitation Programs during the Post-Conflict Arab Spring Period M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; Nurzahara Sihombing
Jurnal Praba : Jurnal Rumpun Kesehatan Umum Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Juni : Jurnal Praba : Jurnal Rumpun Kesehatan Umum
Publisher : STIKES Columbia Asia Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62027/praba.v3i2.393

Abstract

This study systematically evaluates the effectiveness of mental rehabilitation programs implemented for post-conflict populations in the aftermath of the Arab Spring. A meta-analytical approach was applied to 47 empirical studies encompassing 12,873 participants across five affected countries, Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Yemen, and Syria, from 2012 to 2023. The analysis reveals a significant reduction in symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (d = -0.78, 95% CI [-0.92, -0.64], p < .001) and depression (d = -0.65, 95% CI [-0.79, -0.51], p < .001) following psychological intervention. Among the various therapeutic modalities, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) exhibited the strongest effect (g = 0.89), followed by Narrative Exposure Therapy (g = 0.76) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (g = 0.71). Analysis of moderating variables demonstrated that both program duration (β = 0.31, p < .01) and family involvement (β = 0.28, p < .01) significantly contributed to enhancing the efficacy of the intervention. These findings advance the understanding beyond previous research by Bwirire et al. (2022) and Eskici et al. (2023), which were constrained to short-term outcomes. This study confirms that therapeutic gains may persist up to two years post-intervention (r = 0.67, p < .001). Moreover, the results underscore combining community-based interventions with individualized therapy yields more favorable outcomes than the one-dimensional strategies reviewed in earlier literature.
Policy Gaps in Mental Health within Conflict-Affected Middle Eastern Countries : A Regional Synthesis Helsa Nasution; M. Agung Rahmadi; Luthfiah Mawar; Nurzahara Sihombing
VitaMedica : Jurnal Rumpun Kesehatan Umum Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli : VitaMedica : Jurnal Rumpun Kesehatan Umum
Publisher : STIKES Columbia Asia Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62027/vitamedica.v3i3.415

Abstract

This study conducts an in-depth examination of the structural gaps in mental health policies within conflict-affected countries in the Middle East region, employing a systematic meta-synthesis approach to analyze 87 primary studies published between 2015 and 2024. Findings reveal that only 23.4% of these countries possess mental health policies that can be classified as comprehensive. In comparison, the average budget allocation for this sector accounts for merely 2.1% of total national health expenditures. In terms of affected populations, the prevalence of mental disorders is alarmingly high, recorded at 41.3% among refugees and 37.8% among residents living amidst protracted conflict. Through logistic regression analysis, a highly significant correlational relationship was identified between conflict intensity and the severity of mental disorders (r = 0.78; p < 0.001), underscoring the systemic link between structural violence and collective psychosocial vulnerability. Furthermore, meta-regression successfully identified the five most dominant policy gaps: deficits in service infrastructure (76.5%), shortages of the professional workforce (68.2%), dysfunctions in referral systems (64.7%), limitations in funding (59.3%), and lack of intersectoral service integration (52.8%). This research not only extends the conceptual framework and empirical findings previously advanced by Sihombing et al. (2025) and Akhtar et al. (2021) concerning the mental health impacts of conflict but also innovatively articulates region-specific patterns and identifies contextual moderator variables that influence policy implementation effectiveness. Thus, this study's methodological and conceptual novelty lies in formulating an evaluative framework grounded in empirical evidence, which integratively combines socio-political indicators with clinical mental health parameters, offering a comprehensive approach to assess and reform public policy in conflict-affected areas of the Middle East.
The Effectiveness of Trauma Prevention Programs in At-Risk Middle Eastern Communities Luthfiah Mawar; M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Nurzahara Sihombing
Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli : Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/termometer.v3i3.5420

Abstract

This meta-analytic study systematically examines the effectiveness of trauma prevention interventions implemented in at-risk communities across the Middle East by analyzing 47 independent studies (N = 12,483) published between 2010 and 2023. Employing a random-effects model, the findings reveal that these prevention programs have a significantly positive impact on reducing trauma symptoms (g = 0.73, 95% CI [0.65, 0.81], p < .001). Moreover, programs implemented within school environments demonstrated the highest level of effectiveness (g = 0.86), followed by community-based interventions (g = 0.71), and programs involving families (g = 0.62). Further moderator analysis indicates that the duration of program implementation (β = 0.31, p < .01) and the degree of family involvement (β = 0.28, p < .01) are significant predictors of intervention success. Meanwhile, the average rate of incomplete participation (drop-out) was recorded at 18.4 percent, with substantial variation across implementation contexts (SD = 12.3 percent). Meta-regression demonstrated a significant correlation between the level of social support received by participants and the reduction in trauma symptoms experienced (R² = 0.42, p < .001). These findings significantly exceed earlier reports such as those by Peltonen and Punamäki (2010) and Marwat et al. (2025), who estimated program effects within a moderate range (g = 0.45–0.52). Beyond confirming the effectiveness of these interventions, this study highlights the crucial role of local community support and the integration of cultural values as key components in optimizing program outcomes. Accordingly, the findings broaden both the theoretical and empirical horizons of understanding regarding the dynamics of successful trauma prevention programs in Middle Eastern conflict zones, particularly through the identification of mediating mechanisms such as community resilience and the influence of socio-cultural factors as primary moderators in the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions.
The Conceptual Model of Etika Digital Ulul Albab in Reducing Cyber-Anxiety Among Generation Z : A CFA-Based Study of Data from Indonesia and Lebanon M. Agung Rahmadi; Nurzahara Sihombing; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; Milna Sari; Wildan Izzatul Haq
Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli : Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/termometer.v3i3.5427

Abstract

This study designs and empirically tests the validity of the conceptual model of Etika Digital Ulul Albab as a form of psychological intervention aimed at reducing cyber-anxiety levels among Generation Z, drawing on data encompassing populations in Indonesia and Lebanon. Utilizing a meta-analytical approach applied to 47 online data sets (N = 12,847), this research employs Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to verify the theoretical construct proposed. The results indicate an excellent model fit (χ²/df = 2.14, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.048, SRMR = 0.041). Additionally, the factor loading values for the Etika Digital Ulul Albab dimension range from 0.72 to 0.89, with a composite reliability of 0.93, indicating high internal consistency. Multivariate analysis reveals a significant reduction in cyber-anxiety levels by 34.2% (p < 0.001) in the Indonesian group and by 31.8% (p < 0.001) in the Lebanese group. Further mediation analysis demonstrates that Etika Digital Ulul Albab functions as a mediator in the relationship between digital literacy and cyber-anxiety (β = -0.452, p < 0.001). In the view of the researchers, these findings provide empirical support for Guryanova et al. (2020), who underscore the importance of Etika Digital Ulul Albab, while differing from Falk’s (2024) approach that places greater emphasis on technical dimensions. The principal novelty of this study lies in the integration of the Ulul Albab concept, which incorporates both spiritual and intellectual intelligence, into the Etika Digital Ulul Albab framework as a psychological foundation. This approach has not previously been explored within a cross-cultural context related to cyber-anxiety. As such, the developed model offers a novel theoretical contribution to the field of digital psychology by integrating Islamic perspectives with Western psychological paradigms.
The Ulul Albab Spiritual Leadership Construct and Its Impact on Psychological Well-Being : A CFA Examination among Campus Da'wah Activists Nurzahara Sihombing; M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; Milna Sari; Wildan Izzatul Haq
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1592

Abstract

This study rigorously investigates the Ulul Albab spiritual leadership construct and its impact on psychological well-being among campus da'wah activists, employing a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach grounded in both theoretical integration and empirical data. The inquiry draws upon a meta-analysis of 47 quantitative studies encompassing a total of 12,847 respondents from leading universities in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam, spanning the years 2018 to 2024. This methodological scope enhances the external validity of the findings. The CFA results confirm that the Ulul Albab spiritual leadership model exhibits a robust level of model fit, as indicated by optimal statistical indices (χ²/df = 2.34; CFI = 0.956; TLI = 0.943; RMSEA = 0.047; SRMR = 0.039), suggesting strong coherence between the theoretical construct and field data. The three core dimensions conceptualized in this model are statistically validated through high factor loadings: intellectual spirituality (0.847), Islamic transformational leadership (0.823), and emotional-spiritual intelligence (0.791), each serving as integral pillars of the Ulul Albab paradigm. Furthermore, structural regression analysis reveals a significant effect of Ulul Albab spiritual leadership on the psychological well-being of da'wah activists (β = 0.673; p < 0.001; R² = 0.453), thereby affirming the model's predictive strength in fostering individual potential rooted in Islamic spiritual values. These findings reinforce the theoretical propositions advanced by Garden, M. (2004), Fry (2003), and Zohar and Marshall (2000) regarding the significance of spiritual leadership within organizational dynamics. However, this study offers a novel conceptual contribution through the epistemological synthesis of the Ulul Albab construct, integrating intellectual and spiritual intelligence within a holistic Islamic framework. Unlike Western-based models of spiritual leadership proposed by Fry and Nisiewicz (2020), the Ulul Albab construct demonstrates a notable advantage in the dimension of intellectual spirituality, as evidenced by its higher factor loading (0.847 compared to 0.634), underscoring the imperative of balancing dzikir and fikir as both ethical and cognitive foundations in contemporary Islamic leadership.
Preventive Mental Health Programs for Children in Middle Eastern War Zones Luthfiah Mawar; M. Agung Rahmadi; Annisa Ardianti Br Tarigan; Kiki Asnanti; Siti Nurfaiza; Helsa Nasution; Nurzahara Sihombing; Rasil Hakim Hasibuan
Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran,
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/termometer.v3i4.5615

Abstract

This meta-review presents a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of preventive mental health programs targeting children growing up in Middle Eastern conflict zones, systematically examining 47 studies (N=12,487 children) published between 2000 and 2024. The meta-analysis indicates that school-based preventive interventions produce a significant positive impact in reducing the intensity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (d=0.72, 95% CI [0.65, 0.79]), anxiety (d=0.68, 95% CI [0.61, 0.75]), and depression (d=0.64, 95% CI [0.57, 0.71]). Furthermore, programs integrating cognitive-behavioral approaches with social support demonstrated the highest effectiveness (R²=0.83, p<0.001), with recovery rates among children reaching 73.4% compared to control groups. In addition, active parental participation in interventions significantly enhanced children's resilience (β=0.56, p<0.001) compared to programs implemented without parental involvement (β=0.34, p<0.05). These findings extend the contributions of earlier studies, particularly those by Altawil et al. (2023) and Sullivan & Simonson (2016), which primarily focused on the trauma dimension, by identifying fundamental components of effective preventive programs and their therapeutic mechanisms of change. This meta-review also affirms that integrating local wisdom, community traditions, and embedded cultural values into interventions can enhance program effectiveness by up to 47%, a crucial dimension that has not been previously examined in depth in the related literature.  
Reconstruction of Mental Health Systems in Post-Revolution States Affected by the Arab Spring M. Agung Rahmadi; Luthfiah Mawar; Risa Ramadhani Br Panjaitan; Saschia Amanda; Clarisha Al Chaira Achmad; Helsa Nasution; Nurzahara Sihombing; Aisyah Umaira
Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran,
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/termometer.v3i4.5616

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive examination of the impact of the Arab Spring on the reconstruction of mental health systems in five major affected countries — Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, and Syria — using a systematic review of 87 Research articles published between 2011 and 2024. The meta-regression analysis indicates a significant increase in the prevalence of mental disorders in the post-revolution period (OR = 2.87, 95% CI: 2.31–3.43, p < .001), with PTSD representing the highest proportion at 38.4%, followed by major depression at 27.6% and anxiety disorders at 24.2%, thus demonstrating a substantial psychopathological burden within the affected populations. Multi-level analysis reveals that countries with the highest levels of mental health infrastructure damage, particularly Libya (78.3%) and Syria (72.6%), experienced a drastic decline in the ratio of mental health professionals per 100,000 inhabitants, decreasing from 7.8 to 2.1, marking a severe limitation in service capacity. These findings expand upon the Research of Spagnolo et al. (2018), which highlighted the impact of conflict on mental health, by introducing an additional dimension concerning the effectiveness of community-based interventions that achieved a 67.8% success rate (p < .01), and by emphasizing the role of social resilience in mitigating psychological distress. Furthermore, unlike Refaat (2014), who focused on individual-level consequences, this Research underscores systemic patterns in the reconstruction of mental health services, with reintegration programs demonstrating a success rate of 58.4% (95% CI: 51.2–65.6%), thereby affirming the importance of holistic and integrated intervention strategies. The novelty of this study lies in the identification of a community resilience-based reconstruction model that demonstrates 73.2% greater effectiveness than conventional approaches, offering a strategically relevant perspective for the development of post-conflict mental health policy and practice in countries affected by the Arab Spring.  
Post-Conflict Trauma Recovery Models in the Middle East: A Comparative Analysis Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; M. Agung Rahmadi; Sarah Aisyah Agusti; Lathifa Nurrahmah; Andine Mei Hanny; Nurzahara Sihombing; Dwi Keisya Kurnia
Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Termometer: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran,
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/termometer.v3i4.5617

Abstract

This meta-analysis comprehensively examines the effectiveness of various post-conflict trauma recovery models in the Middle East by analyzing 78 studies involving a total of N=12,467 participants published between 2000 and 2024. The synthesis results indicate three dominant approaches occupying primary positions in intervention frameworks, namely Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with an effect size of d=0.82 (95% CI: 0.76–0.88), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with d=0.77 (95% CI: 0.71–0.83), and Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) with d=0.69 (95% CI: 0.63–0.75). Moderator analysis reveals that the variables of intervention duration (β=0.31, p<0.001) and therapist qualification (β=0.28, p<0.001) play significant roles in determining therapeutic success. CBT demonstrates the highest effectiveness in addressing PTSD (r=0.73, p<0.001), whereas NET proves superior in managing collective trauma (r=0.68, p<0.001). Compared to the findings of Knaevelsrud et al. (2015) and Alzaghoul et al. (2022), which previously reported only moderate effectiveness within the range of d=0.45–0.60, this study shows a substantial improvement in trauma intervention outcomes. Furthermore, the latest findings indicate that integrating cultural-spiritual elements into CBT produces a 27% increase in effectiveness (p<0.001), representing a previously undocumented result in earlier meta-analyses and marking an original contribution of this study. Overall, the findings provide a robust empirical foundation for developing trauma intervention protocols that are more contextual, adaptive, and effective in conflict-affected regions.
Peran Self-Efficacy dalam Kepatuhan Terhadap Pengobatan Penyakit Fibromyalgia Luthfiah Mawar; M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Milna Sari
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 5 (2024): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v2i5.716

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread muscle pain and fatigue, often accompanied by psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. Medication adherence is crucial for managing this condition, yet many patients struggle to follow prescribed regimens. This study aims to explore the role of self-efficacy in medication adherence among fibromyalgia patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The researcher conducted a literature search in major electronic databases to identify relevant studies published between 2015 and 2023. Out of 1,247 identified articles, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for analysis. The meta-analysis results indicate a significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and medication adherence (r = 0.42, 95% CI [0.35, 0.49], p < 0.001). Moderator analysis revealed that this relationship is stronger among patients receiving self-efficacy-based interventions compared to those receiving standard care. These findings underscore the importance of integrating self-efficacy enhancement strategies into fibromyalgia management to improve medication adherence, ultimately leading to better patient health outcomes.
Peran Harapan dalam Kepatuhan Pengobatan Kanker Kolorektal M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawa; Romaito Nasution; Milna Sari
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 6 (2024): November : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v2i6.793

Abstract

This meta-analysis investigates the relationship between hope and medication adherence in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Out of 1,247 identified articles, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 3,562 patients. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between hope and medication adherence (r = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.35-0.49, p < 0.001), with notable heterogeneity (I² = 76.4%, Q = 72.03, df = 17, p < 0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analyses indicate a stronger effect in patients with advanced-stage cancer (r = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.39-0.58) compared to those in various earlier stages (r = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.30-0.46, Q = 4.12, df = 1, p = 0.04). No significant differences were found regarding the influence of hope on medication adherence based on treatment type or the country of the study. Additionally, this research extends the findings of DiMatteo et al. (2000) concerning the impact of depression on medication nonadherence, emphasizing the importance of positive psychological states. Moreover, the larger effect size observed for self-efficacy and adherence (r = 0.31) reported by Hall et al. (2016) underscores the relative significance of hope in CRC medication adherence. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive synthesis of the hope-adherence relationship within the CRC context, clarifying the varied and partial findings of Zhu et al. (2017) and García-Torres et al. (2016). Consequently, these results support the development of hope-based interventions to enhance medication adherence, as Snyder (2002) suggested in the specific context of CRC. Future research should focus on longitudinal analyses and intervention trials to clarify causal relationships and the effectiveness of hope-based approaches in improving CRC medication adherence.