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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ragi dan Lama Waktu Fermentasi Terhadap Yield Bioetanol Ubi Cilembu Martha Susana Rischa; Zuhdi Ma'sum; Fikka Kartika Widyastuti
Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) Vol 4 (2021): PROSIDING SENTIKUIN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the amount of yeast and the length of time of fermentation on % yield of cilembu sweet potato bioethanol produced from the fermentation process. The stages of the research method include: sample preparation of cilembu sweet potato, hydrolysis process, fermentation process and bioethanol purification. Sample preparation was carried out by cutting, washing, drying and grinding. The hydrolysis process uses the acid hydrolysis method, namely 21% HCl. Yeast Saccharomyces cereviceae was used in the fermentation process with 5, 6, and 8 days of fermentation time and 5 grams and 6 grams of yeast mass variations. Meanwhile, the distillation method is used in the bioethanol purification process. Next, the percent yield of the bioethanol produced is determined. The results showed that the yield of bioethanol using 5 grams of yeast with each fermentation time was 5 days: 0.86%, 6 days: 1.94%, and 8 days: 0.97%. While the % yield of bioethanol used 6 grams of yeast each with variations in fermentation time of 5 days: 1.25%, 6 days: 1.69%, and 8 days: 1.6%. The highest bioethanol yield was found on day 6 with the use of 5 grams of yeast.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG RUKUN TETANGGA DAN RUKUN WARGA, DI KELURAHAN TLOGOMAS KOTA MALANG: Implementation Of Government Policy Number 1 Year 2013 Concerning Neighborhoods And Citizens, At Tlogomas Sub-District, Malang City Zuhdi Ma`sum; Dody Setyawan; Abd. Rohman
JAMAS : Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Forind Press

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Abstract

Peningkatan jumlah populasi bertambah dan jumlah warga tidak tetap (pendatang yang tinggal di rumah kos dan kontrakan) memerlukan pendataan warga musiman yang sesuai dengan perundangan yang berlaku. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pengembangan metode pendataan warga pendatang yang berguna sebagai antisipasi potensi timbulnya masalah kemasyarakatan. Keberhasilan program pendataan warga melalui Pengabdian kepada masyarakat akan meningkatkan penertiban peraturan, penegakan peraturan yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan masyarakat. Sasaran utama dari program ini adalah Rukun Tetangga (RT) 03 dan Rukun Warga (RW) 06 Kelurahan Lowokwaru Kecamatan Tlogomas. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, sosialisasi Perda No. 1 Tahun 2013 tentang RT dan RW, telah dilakukan dan dipahami oleh warga. Hal ini terlihat pada jumlah form pendataan warga musiman yang diberikan telah terisi dengan baik dengan tingkat partisipasi lebih dari 95%. Selain itu dari diskusi yang telah dilakukan telah didapatkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pemahaman warga tentang analisa potensi problem dimasyarakat yang disimpulkan dari data serta kemampuan warga merumuskan langkah-langkah strategis kedepannya guna mengembangkan wilayah berdasarkan potensi latar belakang warga.
Extraction of Java Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Using Microwave-Assisted Hydro Distillation in Pilot Scale: Parametric Study and Modelling Yeni Variyana; Zuhdi Ma'sum; Donny Satria Bhuana; Mahfud Mahfud
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 23, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.79220

Abstract

This study aims to extract oil from Java lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) using the pilot-scale Microwave-Assisted Hydro distillation method (distiller volume 10,000 mL). The operating variables of this research are the extraction time, the microwave power, and the ratio of the mass of the material to the solvent (F/S ratio). The results showed an increase in the yield of lemongrass oil along with the increase in extraction time using the Microwave-Assisted Hydro distillation (MAHD) method, and this trend will continue to occur as microwave heating is selective and volumetric. Thus, there is a tendency to increase yield with increasing power. In general, it follows that the higher the power, the higher the yield. The energy received by the material to be converted into heat has caused the essential oil yield to be more abundant, with the highest yield being obtained at 800 W. The increase in the material to solvent ratio increased the oil yield up to a certain point. However, the yield started declining after the F/S ratio of 0.08 was reached. The first order kinetic model well represents the extraction process at a pilot scale. The pilot scale's oil yield is slightly lower than the laboratory scale MAHD. Compositional analysis of the result suggests that the main components of Java lemongrass oil are Geranial (30.06%), Z-Citral (25.88%), Eugenol (12.88%), and Beta-Myrcene (12.84%).
Pemanfaatan Tempurung Kelapa sebagai Katalis pada Proses Konversi Minyak Curah Menjadi Biodiesel Yustia Wulandari Mirzayanti; Erlinda Ningsih; Zain Lillahulhaq; Zuhdi Ma’sum; Chevy Renova; Yasin Wijaya
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): JRT Volume 6 No 2 Des 2020
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55732/jrt.v6i2.351

Abstract

Vegetable oil is one of the alternative sources of raw material for fuel oil to produce biodiesel. The conversion reaction process requires the help of a catalyst to break down triglycerides into methyl esters. Therefore, this study aims to determine the performance of catalysts made from coconut shells to convert bulk oil into biodiesel. The catalyst performance is focused on biodiesel's yield parameters through the influence factor of catalyst weight, molar ratio, and %FAME. This research was conducted in three stages, namely (1) catalyst preparation, (2) application of catalyst performance through the conversion process of bulk oil into biodiesel, (3) washing of biodiesel. The first stage was catalyst preparation carried out by utilizing a coconut shell, which was first made into charcoal, then activated using H3PO4 then sulfonated with H2SO4. The second stage was the conversion process of bulk oil into biodiesel using coconut shell catalysts through a transesterification process using variations in the catalyst's weight to bulk oil (0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; and 2.5% wt/wt) and bulk oil molar:methanol ratio (1: 3; 1: 6; and 1: 9). The third stage was the process of washing biodiesel using HCl. Based on this study's results, the best catalyst weight was 2% wt/wt with a molar ratio of 1: 9 resulting in the highest yield of 89% and the FAME of 80.36%.
Perancangan Alat Hydrocracking Untuk Pembuatan Pabrik Base Oil dan Gasoline Dari Limbah Plastik Huda, Istaniyah; Abrina Anggraini , Sinar Perbawani; Ma'sum, Zuhdi
Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) Vol 6 (2023): PROSIDING SENTIKUIN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

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Abstract

The need for lubricants in Indonesia for industrial machines, motor vehicles, shipping, heavy equipment, agricultural machines, mining and various other machine lubricants is being used in increasing quantities. Through a pyrolysis process followed by a hydrocracking process, plastic waste can be processed into base oil as the main product and gasoline as a side product. Plastic waste raw materials can be processed using a hydrocracking reactor to produce products in the form of Synthetic Base Oil and gasoline with a conversion of up to 90%, so it is necessary to design a factory for the production of base oil with a capacity of 35,000 tons/year and gasoline with a capacity of 27,000 tons/year using Hydrocracking Reactor. The aim of this research is to determine the design dimensions of a Hydrocracking Reactor with a capacity of 194,444.44 kg/day for making base oil and gasoline from plastic waste (PE). From the mass and heat balance calculations, the equipment specifications are obtained in the form of a Hydrocraking Reactor with a single stage type, a mass flow rate of 54,665.36 kg/hour, a tank diameter of 27.5 ft and a height of 30 ft made from SA-240 Grade A stainless steel which is capable of processing feed. enters from the pyrolysis reactor with batch operating conditions (every 1.5 hours). The head thickness is 0.4 in, the shell thickness is 0.35 in, and the setting area is 510.25 ft2.
Rancang Alat Reaktor Pirolisis pada Pembuatan Base Oil dari Limbah Plastik dengan Proses Pyrolisis Ariyanti, Rina; Anggraini, Sinar Perbawani Abrina; Ma’sum, Zuhdi
Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) Vol 6 (2023): PROSIDING SENTIKUIN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

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Abstract

Base oil is a basic material used in the production of lubricating oil, the types of Base oil can be mineral and synthetic. Base oil obtained from the plastic waste processing process by pyrolysis method is a synthetic type. Today the need for lubricating oil continues to increase. With the abundance of raw material sources in the form of plastic waste, it is very potential to pre-design a Base Oil Plant with the pyrolysis method. The base oil plant is designed with a capacity of 35000 tons / year, operating time for 300 days / year and 24 hours / day. The base oil production process uses a pyrolysis reactor that operates at a temperature of 524 °C and a pressure of 1 atm. The process occurs in batches every 1 hour where in the pyrolysis reactor there is a breakdown of PE compounds (plastic raw materials) in the form of long C chains into short C chains (C3 to C30). The purpose of designing this tool is to determine the capacity (dimensions and size of the tool) that is suitable for use in the production process with a capacity of 35000 tons / year through the calculation of mass and energy balances so that the production process can take place efficiently. The result of the design of this pyrolysis reactor tool is a reactor tank with material in the form of carbon steel SA 201 grade A with dimensions of 20 ft diameter and 24 ft height equipped with a heating coil. Has a volume capacity of 1340 bbl which can process PE melt from melting tanks of 1075 bbl per hour or equivalent to 194,444 kg / day (mass balance calculation) with semi-continuous operating conditions / batch (once every 1 hour). From the calculation of the mass balance, it is found that the efficiency of the products produced after going through advanced processes in the form of hydroprocessing and distillation is 86.79%. ABSTRAK Base oil merupakan bahan dasar yang dipakai dalam produksi minyak pelumas, Jenis-jenis dari Base oil dapat berupa mineral dan sintetik. Base oil yang didapatkan dari proses pengolahan limbah plastik dengan metode pirolisis merupakan jenis sintetik. Saat ini kebutuhan akan minyak pelumas terus meningkat. Dengan melimpahnya sumber bahan baku yang berupa limbah plastik maka sangat potensial untuk dilakukan Pra Rancang Pabrik Base Oil dengan metode pirolisis. Pabrik base oil dirancang dengan kapasitas 35000ton/tahun, waktu operasi selama 300 hari/tahun dan 24 jam/hari. Proses produksi base oil menggunakan alat reaktor pirolisis yang beroperasi pada suhu 524 °C dan tekanan 1 atm. Proses terjadi secara batch tiap 1 jam dimana pada reactor pirolisis terjadi pemecahan senyawa-senyawa PE (bahan baku plastik) yang berupa rantai C panjang menjadi rantai C pendek (C3 sampai dengan C30). Tujuan dari perancangan alat ini adalah untuk menentukan kapasitas (dimensi dan ukuran alat) yang sesuai untuk dipakai dalam proses produksi kapasitas 35000 ton/tahun melalui perhitungan neraca massa dan energi sehingga proses produksi dapat berlangsung dengan efisien. Hasil dari perancangan Alat Reaktor pirolisis ini adalah tanki reactor dengan bahan berupa carbon steel SA 201 grade A berdimensi ukuran diameter 20 ft dan tinggi 24 ft yang dilengkapi dengan coil pemanas. Mempunyai kapasitas volume sebesar 1340 bbl yang dapat memproses lelehan PE dari tanki melting sebesar 1075 bbl tiap jam atau setara 194.444 kg/hari (perhitungan neraca massa) dengan kondisi operasi secara semi kontinyu/batch (1 jam sekali). Dari perhitungan neraca massa didapatkan efisiensi produk yang dihasilkan setelah melalui proses lanjutan berupa hidroprocessing dan distilasi adalah sebesar 86,79%
Pembuatan Asam Asetilsalisilat dari Asam Salisilat dan Asetat anhidrat Menggunakan Proses Sintesis Kalsium Oksida Dengan Reaktor Sebagai Alat Utama Simbolon, Devi Veronika; Yuniningsih, Susy; Ma'sum, Zuhdi
Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) Vol 6 (2023): PROSIDING SENTIKUIN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

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Abstract

Acetylsalicylic acid is a corrosive that relieves pain and lessens discomfort. Sometimes people refer to acetylsalicylic acid as a headache medication. In addition to calcium oxide acting as a supporting specialist and corrosive killing specialist, the dynamic element of acetylsalicylic corrosive is called acetylsalicylic corrosive, which is an engineered subordinate of the compound salicin. It responds with anhydrous acidic corrosive and salicylic corrosive in a stoichiometric proportion. When calcium oxide (CaO) is used, the yield of acetylsalicylic acid is nearly 100% (the maximum amount of free salicylic acid is 2%), and calcium acetic acid is produced. It is a one-pot, exothermic, rapid, and contamination-free reaction. Acetylsalicylic corrosive is produced by mixing acidic anhydrous and salicylic corrosive with calcium oxide. The Short Cylinder That Rises 98% of the chemicals used in the filtering process are acetylsalicylic acids in the evaporator. The main device used is the reactor. The reactor can think acetylsalicylic corrosive while operating at 70°C and 1 atm. The reactor's memorised limit is 331.3031 kg/hour. Financial evaluation findings ROIbt (return on venture) = 48%, ROIat (return on investment) = 43%, Pay Out Season = 1.78 years, BEP (return on original investment) = 31.93%, SDP (shut down point) = 14.74%, and IRR (internal rate of return) = 20.93%. Abstrak Asam asetilsalisilat bersifat asam yang mengurangi rasa sakit dan mengurangi ketidaknyamanan. Selain kalsium oksida yang berperan sebagai zat pendukung dan zat pembunuh asam, unsur dinamis asam asetilsalisilat disebut asam asetilsalisilat, yang merupakan turunan rekayasa dari senyawa salisin, merespons dengan asam asam anhidrat dan asam salisilat dalam proporsi stoikiometri. Ketika kalsium oksida (CaO) digunakan, hasil asam asetilsalisilat hampir 100% (jumlah maksimum asam salisilat bebas adalah 2%), dan kalsium asam asetat dihasilkan. Ini adalah reaksi satu pot, eksotermik, cepat, dan bebas kontaminasi. Asam asetilsalisilat diproduksi dengan mencampurkan asam anhidrat dan asam salisilat dengan kalsium oksida. Silinder Pendek Yang Naik 98% bahan kimia yang digunakan dalam proses penyaringan adalah asam asetilsalisilat di evaporator. Alat utama yang digunakan adalah reaktor. Reaktor dapat berpikir asetilsalisilat asam saat beroperasi pada 70°C dan 1 atm. Batas hafalan reaktor adalah 331,3031 kg/jam. Temuan evaluasi keuangan ROIbt (return on venture) = 48%, ROIat (return on investment) = 43%, Pay Out Season = 1,78 tahun, BEP (return on original investment) = 31,93%, SDP (shut down point) = 14,74% , dan IRR (tingkat pengembalian internal) = 20,93%.
Rancang Alat Reaktor Esterifikasi pada Pembuatan Etil Asetat dari Ethanol dan Asam Asetat dengan Proses Esterifikasi Naes, Ivoni Sallyra; Ma'sum, Zuhdi; Fitri, Ayu Chandra Kartika
Prosiding SENTIKUIN (Seminar Nasional Teknologi Industri, Lingkungan dan Infrastruktur) Vol 6 (2023): PROSIDING SENTIKUIN
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi

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Abstract

Ethyl acetate is a semi-polar aromatic molecule with the chemical formula CH3COOCH2CH3, which can attract both polar and non-polar analytes. Using an esterification reactor as the leading equipment, this factory plans to produce 7,000 tons of ethyl acetate every year. Alcohols and carboxylic acids combine to convert free fatty acids from triglycerides into methyl esters, known as esterification. In the esterification reactor, sulfuric acid is a reaction catalyst between acetic acid and ethanol. The esterification reactor consists of an upright stirring vessel with two funnel-shaped lids, one at the bottom and one at the top. Esterification reactors can be made using SA-240 class construction materials. The steel plate is capable of withstanding temperatures as high as 750°C. To process 1915.4132 kg of incoming material per hour, a reactor capacity of 4.8467 ft is used. This reactor has a diameter of 4,9967 feet and a height of 69,665 feet. Five hundred twenty-four feet high and 0.1875 feet thick. With a diameter of 23.850 inches, a head height of 0.9855 feet, and a thickness of 0.25 inches, the number of stirrers is one. The calculation results show that ethyl acetate, with a purity of 99.8%, is a by-product of the esterification process. Abstrak Etil asetat adalah molekul aromatik semi-polar dengan rumus kimia CH3COOCH2CH3, yang dapat menarik analit polar dan non-polar. Dengan menggunakan reaktor esterifikasi sebagai peralatan utama, pabrik ini direncanakan mampu memproduksi 7.000 ton etil asetat setiap tahunnya. Alkohol dan asam karboksilat bergabung untuk mengubah asam lemak bebas dari trigliserida menjadi metil ester, suatu proses yang dikenal sebagai esterifikasi. Dalam reaktor esterifikasi, asam sulfat berfungsi sebagai katalisator reaksi antara asam asetat dan etanol. Reaktor esterifikasi terdiri dari bejana pengaduk tegak dengan dua tutup berbentuk corong, satu di bagian bawah dan satu lagi di atas. Reaktor esterifikasi dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan bahan konstruksi kelas SA-240. Pelat baja mampu menahan suhu setinggi 750°C. Untuk memproses 1915.4132 kg material yang masuk per jam, digunakan kapasitas reaktor sebesar 4.8467 kaki. Reaktor ini memiliki diameter 4.9967 kaki dan tinggi 69.665 kaki. Tinggi 524 kaki dan tebal 0,1875 kaki. Dengan diameter 23,850 inci, tinggi kepala 0,9855 kaki, dan ketebalan 0,25 inci, jumlah pengaduk satu. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa etil asetat, dengan kemurnian 99,8%, merupakan produk sampingan dari proses esterifikasi. Kata kunci: asam asetat; esterifikasi; etil asetat; etanol; reaktor esterifikasi
Optimalisasi Strategi Pemasaran Minyak Atsiri Sereh Merah KTH Oro-Oro Ombo Batu untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Iriani, Nur Ida; Ma'sum, Zuhdi; Yoga, Tirta; Pudjiastuti, Agnes Quartina; Fransiska, Apria; Ceme, Grogorius
AKM Vol 5 No 2 (2025): AKM : Aksi Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat - Januari 2025
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ekonomi dan Bisnis Syariah (STEBIS) Indo Global Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36908/akm.v5i2.1293

Abstract

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan di AMKE (Area Model Konservasi dan Edukasi) Desa Oro-Oro Ombo, Batu dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk minyak atsiri sereh merah melalui optimalisasi strategi pemasaran. Permasalahan ditemui kurangnya pengetahuan pengelola AMKE dalam memanfaatkan media pemasaran, serta keterbatasan dalam desain kemasan yang menarik. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam program ini adalah pelatihan intensif pemasaran secara offline dan online, serta optimalisasi media sosial dan platform e-commerce. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam penjualan, dengan pendapatan naik dari Rp. 1.125.000 sebelum kegiatan pengabdian pada bulan Juli 2024 menjadi Rp. 2.500.000 pada bulan Agustus 2024 setelah strategi pemasaran diterapkan. Perbaikan kemasan, pemanfaatan media digital, dan strategi pemasaran yang lebih baik berhasil meningkatkan brand awareness serta membangun citra produk yang lebih profesional di konsumen.
ANALYSIS OF PROCESSING PALM OIL FRUIT INTO CRUDE PALM OIL AT PT. SEDJAHTERA INDO AGRO BUKIT AJONG FACTORY, SANGGAU DISTRICT Ma'sum, Zuhdi; Lorenza, Karolina Maret; Ratna, Kornelia
jurnal ATMOSPHERE Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): ATMOSPHERE
Publisher : Teknik Kimia ITN Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36040/atmosphere.v4i1.6738

Abstract

An analysis of the production process needs to be done at PT. Sedjahtera Indo Agro PKS Bukit Ajong Factory. The method was determining the average, median, standard deviation, and variance free fatty acid content of production. Free fatty acid levels was titrated by 0.1N NaOH and Phenolphthalein as an indicator. The results of the analysis of 461 samples found that the average percent free fatty acid content was 3.76% with a median of 3.95. The variance value is 0.05 with a standard deviation of 0.17. The factors causing unstable levels of free fatty acids is due to non-continuous factory operations and frequent stoppages of operations. If that happens for a long time, the free fatty acid levels will increase as a result of the increase in temperature in the tank. However, the CPO produced still meets the SNI where the average FFA content per week is 2-5%.