Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Selektivitas Beberapa Insektisida terhadap Hama Kutu Kebul (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) dan Predator Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabr. Setiawati, Wiwin; Budiarto, Bagus Kukuh; Soetiarso, Thomas Agoes
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 2 (2007): Juni 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK. Dalam PHT perpaduan penggunaan insektisida dan pengendalian secara hayati merupakan komponen pengendalian yang sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui selektivitas insektisida Imidakloprid 200 SL, Tiametoksan 25 WG, Metidation 25 WP, Permetrin 20 EC, Teflubenzuron 50 EC, dan Sipermetrin + Klorpirifos 500/50 EC terhadap imago hama B. tabaci dan predator M. sexmaculatus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pencelupan dan film kering (masing-masing terdiri atas 6 konsentrasi insektisida yang diuji dan 4 ulangan). Data mortalitas dikoreksi menggunakan rumus Abbott. Untuk mengetahui nilai LC50 digunakan analisis probit, sedangkan selektivitas insektisida ditentukan dengan membandingkan nilai LC50 insektisida terhadap B. tabaci dengan nilai LC50 M. sexmaculatus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Teflubenzuron 50 EC, Permetrin 25 EC, Imidakloprid 200 SL, dan Metidation 25 WP merupakan jenis insektisida yang paling efektif untuk B. tabaci dan selektif terhadap predator M. sexmaculatus dengan nilai SR <1. Insektisida Tiametoksan 25 WG dan Sipermetrin + Klorpirifos 500/50 EC ternyata tidak selektif dan membahayakan predator M. sexmaculatus dengan nilai SR >1. Kombinasi penggunaan insektisida selektif tersebut dengan pelepasan predator M. sexmaculatus merupakan komponen teknologi PHT yang dinilai efektif untuk B. tabaci pada tanaman sayuran. Untuk memantapkan hasil penelitian diperlukan uji lanjut di lapangan.ABSTRACT. Setiawati, W., B.K. Udiarto, and T.A. Soetiarso. 2007. Insecticides Selectivity to Bemisia tabaci and the Predator Menochilus sexmaculatus. The integrated control concept emphasizes the importance of both chemical and biological control for pest suppression in an agricultural system. The objective of this work was to study the selectivity of Imidakloprid 200 SL, Tiametoksan 25 WG, Methidathion 25 WP; Permethrin 20 EC; Teflubenzuron 50 EC and Cypermetrin + Clorpyrifos 500/50 EC on adult of B. tabaci and its natural enemy, M. sexmaculatus. Dipping method and dry film method with 6 concentrations and 4 replications were used to test the toxicity on B. tabaci and M. sexmaculatus. The mortality data of B. tabaci and M. sexmaculatus were assessed after treatment and after corrected by using the Abbott formula. Probit analysis was used to determine the LC50 value. The selectivity ratio was calculated by dividing the LC50 value of B. tabaci with the LC 50 value of M. sexmaculatus. The results of this experiment indicated that the most effective insecticides to control B. tabaci were Teflubenzuron 50 EC, Permethrin 25 EC, Imidacloprid 200 SL, and Methidathion 25 WP with smaller selectivity ratio (SR <1) for M. sexmaculatus. Tiametoksan 25 WG and Cypermethrin + Clorpyrifos 500/50 EC were highly toxic insecticides to M. sexmaculatus (SR > 1). Imidacloprid 200 SL, Methidathion 25 WP, Permethrin 20 EC, and Teflubenzuron 50 EC in combination with inundative release of M. sexmaculatus adult to achieve sound of IPM of B. tabaci in vegetables ecosystem. A field trial is still needed to confirm result of this study.

Parasitoid E. argenteopilosus sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Hama H. armigera, S. litura, dan C. pavonana pada Tumpangsari Tomat dan Brokoli Setiawati, Wiwin; Uhan, Tinni S; Somantri, A
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 4 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Kehilangan hasil tomat akibat serangan H. armigera dapat mencapai 52%. Usaha pengendalian hingga saat ini masih mengandalkan pada penggunaan insektisida, namun masih belum mampu menekan serangan hama tersebut. Penggunaan parasitoid E. argenteopilosus dikombinasikan dengan insektisida diharapkan dapat menekan populasi H. armigera. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan/efikasi parasitoid E. argenteopilosus dalam menekan perkembangan populasi dan serangan hama H. armigera, S. litura, dan C. pavonana pada sistem tumpangsari tomat dan brokoli. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang sejak bulan Juni sampai dengan November 2002. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah dengan 4 ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah pelepasan parasitoid yang terdiri atas tanpa pelepasan dan dengan pelepasan. Sebagai anak petak adalah penggunaan insektisida terdiri atas tanpa insektisida, Spinosad, dan Deltametrin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelepasan parasitoid E. argenteopilosus mampu menekan serangan C. pavonana dan S. litura pada tanaman brokoli masingâmasing sebesar 24,71 dan 97,24% serta H. armigera pada tanaman tomat sebesar 18,45%. Penggunaan insektisida Spinosad 120 SC efektif untuk mengendalikan C. pavonana dan S. litura pada tanaman brokoli masing-masing sebesar 95,41 dan 100% serta H. armigera pada tanaman tomat sebesar 94,83%. Tingkat parasitasi E. argenteopilosus tertinggi terjadi pada H. armigera sebesar 38,96%, C. pavonana 25,83%, dan S. litura sebesar 24,44%. Pelepasan parasitoid E. argenteopilosus dan penggunaan insektisida mampu mempertahankan hasil panen brokoli dan tomat dengan hasil panen cukup tinggi. Penggunaan insektisida dapat mengurangi populasi E. argenteopilosus sebesar 3,27% untuk insektisida Spinosad dan 50,42% untuk insektisida Deltamethrin 25 EC. Perpaduan antara penggunaan parasitoid dan insektisida selektif diharapkan dapat menghasilkan teknologi ramah lingkungan dan hasil panennya aman dikonsumsi.Eriborus argenteopilosus as a bioâcontrol of H. armigera, S. litura, and C. pavonana on tomato and broccoli cropping system. Yield loss due to H. armigera up to 52%. Chemical pesticide has been intensively used in pest control, but did not totally control the pests. Integration of parasitoid with insecticide can reduce population of pests. The purpose of this experiment was to know the efficacy of E. argenteopilosus against H. armigera, S. litura, and C. pavonana on tomato and broccoli cropping system. The experiment was conducted in the field of Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute from June to November 2002. Split plot design was used in this experiment with 4 replications. Released of parasitoid was used as main plot, consisted of released and without released of parasitoid. Insecticide was used as subplot, without insecticide, Deltamethrin and Spinosad insecticide. The results of this experiment indicated that augmentation released of E. argenteopilosus parasitoid can reduce population of C. pavonana and S. litura on broccoli ca. 24.71 and 97.24% respectively and H. armigera on tomatoes up to 18.45%. The use of Spinosad can reduce population of C. pavonana and S. litura on broccoli ca. 95.41 and 100% respectively and H. armigera on tomatoes up to 94.83%. The highest parasitism was found on H. armigera ca. 38.96%, C. pavonana ca. 25.83% and S. litura ca. 24.44%. Augmentation released of parasitoid and the use of insecticide gave the highest yield compare to control. The use of insecticide can reduce population of parasitoid up to 3.27% for Spinosad and 50.42% for Deltamethrin. Pest control using integration of parasitoid with selective insecticide could promote environmental and food safety.

Pengendalian Kutu Kebul dan Nematoda Parasitik Secara Kultur Teknik pada Tanaman Kentang Setiawati, Wiwin; Asandhi, Aziz Azirin; Marwoto, Budi; Sumantri, A; Hermawan, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 4 (2005): Desember 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Bemisia tabaci dan Meloidogyne spp. merupakan OPT penting pada tanaman kentang. Pengendalian secara kultur teknik merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah OPT tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang sejak bulan Juni sampai dengan Nopember 2002. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efektivitas pengendalian B. tabaci dan Meloidogyne spp. secara kultur teknik pada tanaman kentang agar aman dikonsumsi dan ramah lingkungan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan 4 ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah pengelolaan tanah yang terdiri atas tanpa solarisasi dan tanpa subsoiling serta solarisasi dan subsoiling. Sebagai anak petak adalah sistem tanam, yang terdiri atas kentang monokultur, kentangâbawang daun, kentangâtagetes, dan kentangâlobak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian OPT secara kultur teknik (pengelolaan tanah dan sistem tanam) dapat menekan populasi OPT penting pada tanaman kentang. Tumpangsari antara kentang-bawang daun, kentangâtagetes, dan kentangâlobak dapat menekan serangan hama B. tabaci, M. persicae, P. operculella, dan T. palmi, serta nematoda Meloidogyne spp. pada tanaman kentang, sementara perlakuan subsoiling dan solarisasi serta tumpangsari antara tanaman kentang dengan tagetes dapat menekan populasi hama B. tabaci, M. persicae, P. operculella, dan T. palmi, masingâmasing sebesar 46,25; 78,65; 31,48, dan 35,38%. Di samping itu, perlakuan subsoiling dan solarisasi serta tumpangsari antara tanaman kentang dengan tagetes dapat menekan populasi nematoda Meloidogyne spp. dan nematoda lainnya seperti Rotylenchulus sp, Helicotylenchus sp, Tylenchulus sp., Xiphynema sp., dan Trichodorus sp pada tanaman kentang, dengan hasil panen cukup tinggi yang berkisar antara 9,36â10,05 t/ha. Pengelolaan tanah dan penggunaan tanaman yang bersifat antagonis dan perangkap di dalam sistem tumpangsari, ternyata dapat mengurangi kepadatan populasi OPT pada tanaman kentang.Cultural practices control technique of whitefly and parasitic nematode on potato. Bemisia tabaci and Meloidogyne spp. are important pests on potato. Cultural practices are alternative control to these pests. The study was conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute (IVEGRI) from June to November 2002. The purpose of this experiment was to determine effectiveness of cultural practices control technique for B. tabaci and Meloidogyne spp. nematode which environmental and food safety concern. Split plot design was used in this experiment with 4 replications. Soil management was used as main plot, consisted of without solarization and without subsoiling; and solarization and subsoiling. Cropping system used as subplot were potato monocrop, potatoâbuncing onion, potatoâmarigold and potatoâradish. The results showed that cultural practices control (soil management and cropping system) could reduce population of pests on potato. Population of pests such as B. tabaci, M. persicae, P. operculella, T. palmi, and nematode were lower on cropping system between potatoâbuncing onion, potatoâmarigold, and potatoâradish. The use of subsoiling, solarization and cropping system between potato and marigold could reduce population of B. tabaci, M. persicae, P. operculella, T. palmi up to 46.25, 78.65, 31.48, and 35.38% respectively. The used of subsoiling, solarization, and cropping system between potato and marigold suppressed population of Meloidogyne spp. and other nematoda such as Rotylenchulus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Tylenchulus sp., Xiphynema sp., and Trichodorus sp. on potato and gave the highest yield up to 9.36â10.05 t/ha compared with other treatments. Soil management and the used of antagonistic or trap crop in cropping system could effectively retard the population of pest and deseases on patato.

Interaksi Tanaman pada Sistem Tumpangsari Tomat dan Cabai di Dataran Tingg -, Suwandi; Rosliany, Rini; Setiawati, Wiwin
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 13, No 3 (2003): SEPTEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari interaksi sinergis tanaman tomat dan cabai dalam sistem pertanaman tumpangsari di dataran tinggi. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca dan lapangan, di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, mulai bulai Mei sampai dengan Desember 2000. Perlakuan percobaan terdiri atas delapan macam perlakuan tanam tumpangsari, termasuk pertanaman monokrop sebagai pembandingnya. Percobaan rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua ulangan, sedangkan di lapangan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (a) interaksi sinergis tanaman terjadi pada tumpangsari tanaman tomat dan cabai terhadap komponen pertumbuhan tinggi (7 minggu), perkembangan luas daun, bobot kering tanaman pada fase pertumbuhan maksimum, serapan total NPK, dan komponen hasil buah tomat dan cabai (buah sehat dan rusak), (b) efek sinergis tanaman nyata terjadi searah dari tanaman cabai terhadap setiap parameter tanaman tomat; dan (c) sistem interaksi sinergis tanaman tumpangsari di dataran tinggi dipengaruhi cara pengelolaan tanaman Â di lapangan. Selanjutnya pengaruh interaksi dua arah dari tanaman tumpangsari sayuran di dataran tinggi perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: Lycopersicum esculentum;Capsicum annuum; Tumpangsari; Sinergisme; Interaksi; Tanaman sayuran. ABSTRACT. A series of experiment were conducted at screen house and experi- mental garden of Â Research Institute for Vegetable, starting fromÂ May to December 2000. Treatments consisted of eight kinds of intercropping systems including monocrop as its control treatment. A screen house experiment used a randomized complete design with two replications, while the randomized block design with three replications was ap- plied in the field experiment. The results showed that (a) the positive plant interaction occurred on tomato and hot pep- per intercropping as shown at growth component of plant height (7 weeks), leaf area, dry weight of crop at maximum growth stage, total uptake of NPK, and the yield components of tomato and hot pepper fruits (healthy fruit and damage fruit), (b) synergism affect of plants significantly occurred directly from hot pepper plant on tomato crop, and (c) the plant interaction system of tomato and hot pepper intercropping in the highland were closely related to cropping man- agement in field. Further study are needed to explore more information deeply in two ways interaction affects of crop- ping sytem on vegetables farming in the highland.

Teknik Perbanyakan Masal Predator Menochilus sexmaculatus Pengendali Serangga Bemisia tabaci Vektor Virus Kuning pada Tanaman Cabai Muharam, Agus; Setiawati, Wiwin
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 4 (2007): Desember 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK. Bemisia tabaci Genn. merupakan hama penting pada tanaman cabai merah. Peran penting lainnya adalah sebagai serangga vektor penular virus gemini yang menyebabkan penyakit kuning pada komoditas tersebut. Penelitian mengenai teknik perbanyakan masal predator Menochilus sexmaculatus pengendali serangga B. tabaci vektor virus kuning pada tanaman cabai telah dilaksanakan di Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang sejak bulan April sampai dengan November 2006. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap, yaitu (1) perbanyakan M. sexmaculatus, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial, dengan 4 tanaman inang dan 2 serangga mangsa, dan (2) uji daya mangsa pada B. tabaci dan Myzus persicae, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara tanaman dan mangsa yang digunakan. Tanaman caisin dan mangsa M. persicae merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik untuk perbanyakan predator M. sexmaculatus dan dapat menghasilkan telur sebanyak 893,33 butir, diikuti oleh kombinasi antara tongkol jagung dan M. persicae serta caisin dan B. tabaci, seekor betina M. sexmaculatus mampu menghasilkan telur sebanyak 140-975 butir selama 8-11 hari atau 12-89 ekor/hari. Puncak peneluran terjadi pada hari ke-5 sampai hari ke-7, mortalitas larva M. sexmaculatus berkisar antara 28,66-45,47%, perbandingan antara jantan:betina 1:1, selama 24 jam M. sexmaculatus mampu memangsa B. tabaci sebanyak 51,50 ekor dan pada M. persicae sebanyak 168,50 ekor; daur hidup predator M. sexmaculatus berkisar antara 56 hingga 78 hari dengan rincian telur 4-5 hari, larva 20-25 hari, pupa 4-6 hari dan imago 28-42 hari. Stadia imago terutama betina lebih banyak memangsa B. tabaci dibandingkan dengan jantan ataupun stadia larva. Predator betina paling cepat menemukan mangsa dibandingkan dengan jantan ataupun larva. Predator M. sexmaculatus betina hanya memerlukan waktu 20,33 detik pada jumlah mangsa 120 ekor. Penggunaan M. sexmaculatus untuk pengendalian B. tabaci secara hayati sangat potensial untuk menekan penggunaan insektisida sintetis.ABSTRACT. Muharam, A. and W. Setiawati. 2007. The Mass Propagation Technique of Menochilus sexmaculatus, the Predator of Bemisia tabaci, the Chilli-Yellow-Viruses Transmitting Vector. Bemisia tabaci is apparently known as one of the major pests on chilli pepper. Another important role of the pest is the capability of transmitting gemini virus on chilli pepper causing yellow diseases. A study on mass propagation of M. sexmaculatus, the predator of B. tabaci, was carried out in Screenhouses of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, from April to November 2006. Consecutive steps of the study were (1) propagation of the predator using a factorial randomized block design, with 4 host plants and 2 preys, and (2) the test of the capability of M. sexmaculatus as the predator of B. tabaci and Myzus persicae, utilyzing a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The results indicated that a correlation was occurred between host plants and preys. The combination of Brassica sinensis as a host plant with M. persicae as a prey resulted in the best treatment for propagation of the predator with eggs production of 893.33, followed by the combinations of Zea mays with M. persicae, and B. sinensis with B. tabaci. One female of M. sexmaculatus was able to produce 140 to 975 eggs within 8 to 11 days, or 12 to 89 eggs per day. The peak of egg production was occurred from the 5th to 7th day. Mortality of M. sexmaculatus larvae was between 28.66 and 45.47%. The best ratio of female and male of the predator was 1 : 1. Within 24 hours the predator was able to attack B. tabaci and M. persicae up to 51.50 and 168.50 larvae, respectively. Life cycle of the predator was between 56 and 78 days: egg 4-5 days, larvae 20-25 days, pupa 4-6 days, and imago for 28-42 days. Female predators attacked B. tabaci much more than male and larvae. Female predators found preys faster than male ones and larvae, 20.33 seconds for 120 preys. The application of M. sexmaculatus for biological control of B. tabaci will obviously decrease the use of synthetic insecticides.

Preferensi Beberapa Varietas Tomat dan Pola Infestasi Hama Kutu Kebul serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Intensitas Serangan Virus Kuning Setiawati, Wiwin; Budiarto, Bagus Kukuh; Gunaeni, Neni
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 17, No 4 (2007): Desember 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

ABSTRAK. Preferensi Bemisia tabaci terhadap tanaman tomat dilakukan pada 6 varietas tomat, yaitu Gress, Idola, Ovation, BTM-855, Martha, dan Cosmonot. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang mulai bulan September hingga Desember 2005. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati antara lain populasi telur, nimfa, dan imago yang terdapat pada daun atas, tengah, dan bawah, kerusakan tanaman, pola infestasi, intensitas, dan insiden penyakit virus kuning, dan hasil panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) varietas tomat yang paling disukai oleh B. tabaci adalah Gress, Idola, dan BTM-855, sedangkan varietas yang kurang disukai adalah Martha, Cosmonot, dan Ovation, (2) tidak terdapat varietas yang tahan terhadap serangan penyakit virus kuning, (3) varietas Martha relatif tahan terhadap serangan B. tabaci, H. armigera, dan penyakit virus kuning dengan hasil panen cukup tinggi (42,09 t/ha). Varietas Martha mempunyai kerapatan dan sekresi trikhoma yang cukup tinggi sehingga efektif dalam mengurangi populasi B. tabaci, dan (4) B. tabaci lebih menyukai daun atas dibandingkan dengan daun tengah dan daun bawah.ABSTRACT. Setiawati, W., B.K. Udiarto, and N. Gunaeni. 2007. Preference and Infestation Pattern of Bemisia tabaci (Genn) on Some Tomatoes Varieties and Its Effect on Gemini Virus Infestations. Six tomatoes varieties of Gress, Idola, Ovation, BTM-855, Martha, and Cosmonot were evaluated in this study. The experiment was conducted at experimental field of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute from September to December 2005, and laid in a randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The data observed were egg number, nymphal number, and adult number on the upper, middle, and lower of leaflets, plant damage, infestation pattern, percentage of infected plant, and marketable yield. The results of this experiment indicated that (1) the preferred varieties for oviposition and activity of B. tabaci were Gress, Idola, and BTM-855, while Martha, Cosmonot, and Ovation were the least preferred, (2) none of the varieties was found to be resistant against gemini virus, however Martha variety was somewhat resistant, (3) Martha variety was relatively resistant to B. tabaci, H. armigera, and gemini virus with the highest yield of 42.09 t/ha. This variety has high density of glandular trichome,which was effective in reducing oviposition and nymphal feeding, and (4) the number of B. tabaci was found higher at the upper leaf than the middle and lower leaf strata.

Selektivitas Beberapa Insektisida terhadap Hama Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard (Diptera : Agromyzidae) dan Parasitoid Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) Setiawati, Wiwin; Somantri, Aang
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 12, No 4 (2002): Desember 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Liriomyza huidobrensis merupakan hama baru pada tanaman kentang. Hama ini pertama kali dilaporkan menyerangtanaman kentang di Puncak, Jawa Barat pada tahun 1994 dan diduga telah resisten terhadap berbagai jenis insektisidadari golongan organofosfat, karbamat, dan piretroid sintetik. Upaya pengendalian hama tersebut diarahkan pada pro -gram pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT). Dalam pro gram tersebut penggunaan insektisida hanya dilakukan apabilapopulasi hama sudah mencapai ambang pengendalian dan jenis insektisida yang digunakan harus selektif. Tujuanpenelitian untuk mengetahui selektivitas 13 jenis insektisida yaitu insektisida yang efektif terhadap hama L.huidobrensis tetapi tidak membahayakan parasitoid Hemiptarsenus varicornis. Metode penelitian yang digunakanadalah metode pencelupan dan umpan beracun (masing-masing terdiri atas enam konsentrasi insektisida yang diujidan empat ulangan). Data mortalitas dikoreksi menggunakan rumus Abbott. Untuk mengetahui nilai LC50 digunakananalisis probit, sedangkan selektivitas insektisida ditentukan dengan membandingkan nilai LC50 insektisida terhadapL. huidobrensis dengan nilai LC50 H. varicornis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insektisida bensultap 50 WP,siromasin 75 WP, dan abamektin 18 EC merupakan insektisida yang pal ing efektif (LC50 masing-masing 3,92; 7,20;dan 0,54 ppm) untuk mengendalikan L. huidobrensis dan mempunyai sifat selektif (SR<1) terhadap parasitoid H.varicornis. Insektisida klorfenapir 100 SC, dimehipo 400 WSC, dimetoat 400 EC, karbosulfan 200 EC, danamamektin 19 EC merupakan jenis insektisida yang mempunyai daya racun cukup tinggi terhadap parasitoid H.varicornis.Kata kunci : Selektivitas; Insektisida; Liriomyza huidobrensis; Hemiptarsenus varicornis; Parasitoid.AB STRACT. Setiawati, W and A. Somantri. 2002. Se lec tiv ity of sev eral in sec ti cides to Liriomyza huidobrensisBlanchard (Diptera : Agromyzidae) and Hemiptarsenus varicornis Girault (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae)parasitoid. The leafminer flies are newly re corded as a pest on po tato in In do ne sia. It was firstly re ported to at tack po -tato in Puncak, West Java in 1994 and its has be come re sis tance to sev eral in sec ti cides such as mem ber oforganophosphorous, carbamate, and syn thetic pyrethroid groups. The IPM is the best strat egy way to con trol this pest.With the de vel op ment of IPM con cept, there has been in creas ing in ter est in mea sur ing and eval u at ing the im pact of in -secticide on use natural enemies. Selectivity of 13 insecticides on L. huidobrensis and its nat u ral en emy, H. varicorniswas in ves ti gated. The ex per i ment aimed to know the se lec tiv ity of 13 in sec ti cides which toxic to L. huidobrensis lar -vae but less or no toxic to parasitoid H. varicornis. Dip ping method and free feed ing method with six con cen tra tionsand four rep li ca tions were used to test the tox ic ity on L. huidobrensis and H. varicornis. The mor tal ity data of L.huidobrensis and H. varicornis were as sessed af ter treat ment and af ter cor rected by us ing the Abbott for mula. Probitanal y sis was used to de ter mine the LC 50 value. The se lec tiv ity ra tio was cal cu lated by di vid ing the LC50 value of L.huidobrensis with the LC 50 value of H. varicornis. The re sult of this ex per i ment in di cated that the most ef fec tive in -secticides to control L. huidobrensis were bensultap 50 WP; cyromazine 75 WP and abamectin 18 EC (LC 50 valuewere 3.92, 7.20, and 0.54 ppm re spec tively) with smaller se lec tiv ity ra tio (SR<1) for H. varicornis. Chlorfenapir 100SC, dimehypo 400 WSC, dimethoate 400 SC, carbosulfan 200 EC, and ammamektin 19 EC were highly toxic in sec ti -cides to H. varicornis.

Penggunaan Tanaman Perangkap Tagetes erecta, Zea mays, dan Vi rus HaNPV untuk Mengendalikan Hama Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. pada Tanaman Tomat Setiawati, Wiwin; Uhan, Tini S.; Purwati, Ety; Sastrosiswojo, Soedarwo
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 12, No 4 (2002): Desember 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Helicoverpa armigera merupakan hama penting pada tanaman tomat. Kehilangan hasil yang diakibatkan dapatmencapai 52%. Penggunaan insektisida yang terus menerus mengakibatkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan,pengurangan keanekaragaman fauna, dan resistensi H. armigera terhadap insektisida. Pengendalian cara teknis danpenggunaan musuh alami merupakan cara untuk mengendalikan hama H. armigera dan merupakan komponenpenting dalam konsepsi pengendalian hama terpadu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efikasitanaman perangkap Tagetes erecta, Zea mays, dan HaNPV terhadap serangan H. armigera pada tanaman tomat.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rancaekek, Jawa Barat sejak bulan Juni sampai Sep tem ber 1999. Rancangan percobaanyang digunakan adalah Petak Terpisah, di mana varietas sebagai petak utama dan sistem tanam sebagai anak petak.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas tomat LV-2471 relatif tahan terhadap serangan H. armigera.Penggunaan tanaman perangkap tagetes (T. erecta) dan jagung (Z. mays) dapat menekan serangan H. armigera.Sedangkan tanaman tomat yang ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman perangkap tagetes dan diaplikasi dengan vi rusHaNPV, merupakan kombinasi yang efektif dan memberikan harapan yang baik untuk dikembangkan dalampengendalian organisme pengganggu tanaman pada tanaman tomat dan dapat menekan serangan H. armigera sebesar58,04 %.Kata kunci : Solanum lycopersicum; Tanaman perangkap; Tagetes erecta; Zea mays; Helicoverpa armigera; HaNPVAB STRACT. Setiawati, W., T.S. Uhan, E. Purwati, and S. Sastrosiswojo. 2002. The use of trap crops Tageteserecta, Zea mays, and HaNPV vi rus to con trol Helicoverpa armigera on to mato. The to ma toes crops is at tackedheavily by in sects and the most im por tant of which is H. armigera. This pest caused yield losses up to 52 %. Farm ersin creas ingly rely on syn thetic in sec ti cides to man age this pest. This has in creased the risk of en vi ron men tal con tam i na -tion, the loss of biodiversity, and con trib uted to the de vel op ment of in sec ti cides re sis tant H. armigera pop u la tions.Cul tural prac tices and the use of nat u ral en emy are con sid ered im por tant in the sup pres sion of pest pop u la tions in in te -grated pest man age ment programmes. The ob jec tive of this ex per i ment was to known the ef fi cacy of trap crops (T.erecta and Z. mays) and HaNPV to con trol of H. armigera on to mato. The ex per i ment was con ducted in Rancaekek,West Java from June to Sep tem ber 1999. Split Plot De sign was used with va ri ety as a main plot and plant ing sys tem asa sub plot. The re sults of this ex per i ment in di cated that LV-2471 to mato va ri ety was rel a tively re sis tant to H.armigera. The use of T. erecta and Z. mays as a trap crops on to mato can sup press pop u la tion of H. armigera .Intercropping sys tem of to mato and T. erecta with HaNPV ef fec tively re duced pop u la tion and fruit dam age due to H.armigera up to 58.04 % and the best choice as al ter na tive con trol to H. armigera.

Dinamika Populasi dan Pola Infestasi Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard pada Tanaman Kentang di Musim Kemarau dan Musim Hujan Setiawati, Wiwin; Somantri, Aang; Purwati, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 12, No 4 (2002): Desember 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Liriomyza huidobrensis merupakan hama baru pada tanaman kentang. Hama ini pertama kali dilaporkan menyerangtanaman kentang di Puncak, Jawa Barat pada tahun 1994 dan diduga telah resisten terhadap berbagai jenis insektisidaseperti organofosfat, karbamat, dan piretroid sintetik. Upaya pengendalian diarahkan pada pengendalian hamaterpadu yang penerapannya bergantung pada bioekologi serangga hama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui dinamika L. huidobrensis dan musuh alaminya, serta pola infestasi pada tanaman kentang di musimkemarau dan musim hujan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang,sejak bulan Juni 1999 sampai dengan bulan Pebruari 2000. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah PetakBerpasangan, terdiri atas dua perlakuan dan diulang enam kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa L. huidobrensismulai menyerang tanaman kentang sejak umur tiga minggu setelah tanam (MST) dan mencapai puncaknya pada umurempat, enam, dan delapan MST. Keberadaan kompetitor sangat mempengaruhi fluktuasi populasi L. huidobrensis.Selain itu faktor lingkungan abiotik seperti suhu, kelembaban, dan angin juga mempengaruhi fluktuasi populasi L.huidobrensis. Keberadaan musuh alami H. varicornis tidak mampu menekan serangan L. huidobrensis. Penggunaaninsektisida bensultaf 50 WP cukup efektif untuk mengendalikan L. huidobrensis. Pada musim kemarau serangan L.huidobrensis lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan musim hujan. L. huidobrensis lebih memilih daun bawah dantengah sebagai tempat peletakan telur.Kata kunci : Solanum tuberosum; Dinamika populasi; Pola infestasi; Liriomyza huidobrensis; Musim kemarau;Musim hujan.AB STRACT. Setiawati, W., A. Somantri, and Purwati. 2002. Pop u la tion dy namic and in fes ta tion pat tern ofLiriomyza huidobrensis on po tato in dry sea son and rainy sea son. The leafminer flies are newly re corded as a peston po tato in In do ne sia. It was firstly re ported to at tack po tato in Puncak, west Java in 1994 and its has be came re sis -tance to sev eral in sec ti cide such as organophospate, carbamat, and syn thetic pyrethroid. In te grated pest man age mentis the best way to con trol this pest and in for ma tion of bioecology of this pest is im por tant to sup port im ple men ta tion ofin te grated pest man age ment (IPM) tech nol ogy in the field. The ob jec tives of this ex per i ment were to know pop u la tiondy namic of L. huidobrensis and its nat u ral en e mies and in fes ta tion pat tern of this pest on po tato in dry and rainy sea -son. This ex per i ment was con ducted at Re search In sti tute for Veg e ta bles (Lembang, West Java) from June 1999 toFeb ru ary 2000. Comparation paired de sign was used in this ex per i ment with two treat ments and rep li cated six times.Re sults of this ex per i ment in di cated that L. huidobrensis in vaded and at tacked po tato plants start ing from the shootemer gence stage or at three weeks af ter plant ing. Pop u la tion of L. huidobrensis fluc tu ated dur ing the grow ing pe riodof plants, and there were three pop u la tion peaks oc curred at four, six, and eight weeks af ter plant ing. Com pet i tors andabiotic fac tors such as tem per a ture, hu mid ity, and wind were more in flu enced L. huidobrensis pop u la tion thanparasitoid ac tiv ity. Bensultaf 50 WP in sec ti cide was ef fec tive to con trol L. huidobrensis. Pop u la tion of L.huidobrensis was higher in dry sea son than in rainy sea son. The adult of L. huidobrensis pre ferred to feed and ovipositon leaves lo cated in the bot tom and mid dle part of po tato plants.

COMBINING EFFECTS OF CULTURAL PRACTICES AND RESISTANT CULTIVARS ON REDUCING THE INCIDENCE OF Meloidogyne spp. AND Thrips palmy Karny ON POTATO Setiawati, Wiwin; Karjadi, Asih Kartasih; Soetiarso, Thomas Agoes
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 2 (2010): October 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) and melon thrips(Thrips palmy Karny) are two serious pests on potato. Thesepests are conventionally controlled with synthetic pesticides.Cultural practices based on integrated pest management (IPM)are alternative methods to control these pests. The study aimedto determine the effectiveness of combined applications ofcultural practices and potato cultivars in reducing the incidencesof nematode and thrips. Treatments evaluated were methods ofnematode and thrips control by implementing IPM and conventionalpractices. A split-plot randomized complete block designwith four replications was used. The main plots were IPM orcultural practices (subsoiling, soil solarization and use of trapcrop of marigold Tagetes erecta) and conventional practicesusing synthetic pesticides. The subplots were five potato cultivars,i.e. No. 095 (Herta x FLSâ17), 720050/Kikondo, 676068/I.1085, Granola, and Atlantic. The results showed that applicationsof cultural practices in combination with potato cultivarsreduced Meloidogyne spp. population and potato tuber damageby 53.70% and 61.36%, respectively, as well as a significantlydecreased thrips population. In the cultural control plots, thripspopulations were below the action threshold (10.0 nymphs perleaf), therefore no single application of pesticide was used. Thiswas in contrast to the conventional control treatments whereinsecticide was spayed 10 times until harvest. The subsoiling andsolarization cut off the life cycle of the thrips and any survivethrips were trapped by marigold plant. Population of T. palmion the five potato cultivars differed significantly; the lowestpopulation was found on the cultivars No. 095 (Herta x FLS-17)and 676068/I.1085. The cultural control practices combinedwith potato cultivar No. 095 (Herta x FLSâ17) were the besttreatment for controlling Meloidogyne spp. and T. palmi onpotato and also produced the highest yield (31.01 t ha-1). Thestudy suggests that cultural control practices in combination withresistant cultivars are recommended as a suitable IPM to controlnematode and thrips on potato crops.

Title

Found 26 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 26 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 26 Documents
Search