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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi Undiksha JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN FISIKA AL BIRUNI Edufisika: Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education ORBITA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika BIOCHEPHY: Journal of Science Education Al-Mu'awanah Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Welly Anggraini
UIN Raden Intan Lampung
Religion Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Mathematics Physics Social Sciences

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Halal Science Authentication and Functional Characterization of Local Lampung Tuber Polysaccharides as Emulsifier Substitution in the Food Industry Anggraini, Welly
Jurnal Pijar MIPA Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11526

Abstract

As the 2026 deadline for mandatory halal certification in Indonesia approaches, concerns regarding the halal status of imported emulsifiers, particularly E471 (mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids), remain a significant issue. The primary problem lies in halal critical points that are extremely difficult to trace: these materials may be derived from hydrolysed animal fats (bovine or porcine), not slaughtered according to Islamic law. This research aims to explore the functional properties of polysaccharides from local Lampung tubers, namely Porang and Gembili, as authenticated halal emulsifier substitutes. The study employed a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), testing tuber sources and concentration levels of 1%, 3%, and 5%. Polysaccharides were extracted via freeze-drying and subsequently characterized using physicochemical analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Based on the results, 3% Porang polysaccharide produced a low Creaming Index (CI) of 3.1 ± 0.3% after 14 days and a high viscosity of 45,200 cP. Statistically, this stability did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from the commercial E471 standard in its capacity to form an effective interfacial layer that prevents coalescence. The material was authenticated by the absence of a carbonyl absorption peak at 1745 cm⁻¹ in its FTIR spectrum, as part of a molecular halal authentication assessment. This provides scientific proof that the isolates are not contaminated by animal fats or questionable substances. This study concludes that Porang glucomannan and Gembili mucilage are strategic "Halal-by-Design" alternatives that can support national food industry independence and assist business actors, particularly MSMEs, in meeting the mandatory halal certification by 2026.
DNA and Protein-Based Methods for Halal Gelatin Authentication: A Review Azizah, Nurul; Anggraini, Welly
Jurnal Pijar MIPA Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11539

Abstract

Tracing and tracking halal has emerged as an imperative for Muslim consumers worldwide to ensure that the meat-based products comply with Islamic law and food safety standards. The most challenging technical issue in halal authentication concerns products derived from gelatin. Because extreme manufacturing processes, such as high-temperature and chemical processing, damage the physical and molecular architecture of raw materials, detection is difficult. Objective: This study builds on a systematic literature review with a PRISMA protocol to map DNA- and protein-based detection techniques and compare their efficiencies. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across major databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate, for peer-reviewed articles published from 2015 to 2025. From this process, 25 studies with high-impact potential were selected for thematic analysis. The results show that DNA-based methods dominate the literature (80%). Despite this, quantitative PCR (qPCR) remains the "gold standard" owing to its specificity and sensitivity. However, the findings reveal that droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) can detect highly degraded DNA in complex matrices, whereas traditional methods have shown limitations for detecting DNA in pharmaceutical capsules and cosmetics. On the other hand, protein-based methods such as ELISA remain useful for fast, economical screening, but sensitivity is substantially reduced at higher processing temperatures. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of combining IPC and multi-method frameworks to limit false negatives. The findings of this study are substantial enough to provide the fundamentals for the alternative scaling-up of halal assurance systems, especially in the form of guidelines that provide a scientific framework for strengthening a more reliable authentication system for processed gelatin products, at least within Indonesia.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Syukron Angelica, Destia Arum Permatasari Astuti, Riana Astuti, Riana Badrul Kamil Bima, Hafiz Arya Era Octafiona Farhan, Farid Maulana Fitriyani, Laila Okta Fitriyani, Laila Okta Hardiyansyah Masya Koderi Komikesari, H. Laila Okta Fitriyani Manaasika, Zidny Ningtias, Putri Ayu NURUL AZIZAH Permatasari, Arum Pratiwi, Mala Rafika, Yeni Riana Astuti Rifda El Fiah RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Selviani, Siska Selviani, Siska Siska Selviani Terangginas, Luxy Vandan Wiliyanti Yani Suryani Yeni Rafika Yetri Hasan Yuberti