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The Potential of Microbial Symbionts Macrotermes gilvus Hagen Termite Gut as Degrading Agents of Cellulose in Bioethanol Production Susilowati, Dewi; Subekti, Niken; Bintari, Siti Harnina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14965

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a potential feedstock for bioethanol production because of their high cellulose. The microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus termite’s gut have a high endoglucanase enzyme activity. This research was aimed to analyze the pH, temperature and agitation effects towards cell density, endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, and to determine the effective optimum condition that can produce maximum reducing sugar. This research used central composite design (CCD) with the total number of run was . The independent variables were including pH (5.9, 6.4, 7.0, 7.6, 8.0), temperature (30 0C, 33 0C, 37 0C, 41 0C, 44 0C) and agitation (90 rpm,114 rpm, 150 rpm,185 rpm, 210 rpm), with six replications at central points. Parameters measured were cell density, endoglukanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, thus analyzed by the statistical software package MINITAB 18.0. The Student’s t-test result showed the primary sequence influencing cell density as pH ˃ agitation ˃ temperature and towards endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar as pH ˃ temperature ˃ agitation, P ˂ 0.05. The maximum reducing sugar (60.13 ± 3.16 mmolL-1) was obtained at pH 6.95, temperature 37 0C and agitation 150 rpm. The results of this research can be used to explore the more potential microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus Hagen termite’s gut.
The Application of Quantum Learning Interactive Multimedia Assisted Learning Model towards the Student’s Learning Outcomes in Animalia Material Afniyati, Nur; Yuniastuti, Ari; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Biology Education Vol 7 No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : FMIPA UNNES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbe.v7i3.27081

Abstract

Observation was done to biology teachers and students in MAN 2 Semarang, so that students have not experienced difficulty of learning the Animalia material. The less of media and facilities make students' motivation low, so it impacts on learning outcomes. The classical completeness average of daily tests on the material value of invertebrates is less than 60% with a minimum completeness criteria (KKM) is 75. The model can be used in providing an understanding of Animalia matter is learning Quantum Learning. The Quantum Learning is learning to use a syntax TANDUR (Tandur/Grow, Alami/Natural, Namai/ Name, Demonstrasikan/Demonstrate,  Ulangi/Repeat, Rayakan/Celebrate). The research was conducted in MAN 2 Semarang with the research method used Pre-Eperimental, One Shot Case Study. The research design used in this research is quantitative  1q. The research steps include making proposals and instruments, testing trial and feasibility, instrument validation, application of learning method and end data processing. The results are cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes. The cognitive learning outcomes showed the classical completeness of experimental class 95% and 90%, the average value of class X IPA 1 85 and 80. Psychomotor learning outcomes showed the experimental class average 82 and 81 with good criteria. Based on the data obtained indicates that the method applied is effective to maximize the learning outcomes. The learning outcome is effective when classical learning completeness reached ≥75% of the total and ≥75% for psychomotor aspect. Therefore, according to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the application of Quantum Learning- assisted Interactive Multimedia learning model towards student’s learning outcomes in Animalia material on SMA / MA and teachers give a positive response to the applied learning. Further, it can be imlied that Quantum Learning-assisted interactive multimedia learning model effect on student learning outcomes.
The Linkages of Laboratory Facilities and Motivation to the Learning Outcomes of Semarang High School Students Indirasari, Indirasari; Susilowati, Sri Mulyani Endang; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Innovative Science Education Vol 8 No 1 (2019): Article In Press
Publisher : Postgraduate, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.201 KB) | DOI: 10.15294/jise.v7i2.25074

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Biology as part of natural science is a collection of concepts-principles-theory (science product) where in there are a number of scientific values and properties. Therefore, biology learning must be carried out according to the method of work or scientific method in order to produce scientific products. Practicum activities carried out in learning are a scientific process that can make students do analytic thinking to understand science products. Motivation possessed by students in each learning activity is very instrumental in improving student. This study aims to determine the relationship between laboratory facilities and motivation for learning outcomes of high school students. This study has three variables: Variables (X1) is motivation, variables (X2) is laboratory facilities and variable (Y) is the student learning outcomes. this study was conducted using correlational quantitative method, the model used was the documentation method which aims to obtain data from student learning achievement, the data then analyzed using multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS for windows release 20.The results of the study are as follow contribution of variables X1 and X2 (laboratory facilities and motivation) to variable Y (student learning outcomes) that is 59 % and the level of correlation is quite strong.
Produksi Bioetanol dari Gulma Eceng Gondok Berbantuan Mikroba dalam Sistem Pencernaan Rayap (Macrotermes Gilvus) untuk Meningkatkan Konversi Enzimatik Menuju Indonesia Mandiri 2025 Susilowati, Dewi; Septiyaningsih, Tri; Purwaningsih, Purwaningsih; Chamidah, Isni Nurul; Putri, Pinandhita; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Creativity Student Vol 1, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Journal of Creativity Student

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi. hal tersebut berdampak pada tingginya permintaan akan kebutuhan minyak nasional, yang diperdiksi hanya mampu memenuhi kebutuhan energi selama 11 tahun kedepan. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi krisis energi yaitu dengan memanfaatkan sumber energi alternatif seperti bioetanol. Selama ini, pengembangan bioetanol berasal dari bahan berpati dan bergula seperti tebu, ubi dan jagung. Padahal bahan-bahan tersebut merupakan sumber pangan yang cukup komersial, sehingga pengembangan bioetanol dari bahan tersebut dapat menimbulkan masalah yang krusial terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pertimbangan dalam pemilihan sumber bioetanol yang ramah lingkungan seperti pemanfaatan gulma eceng gondok. Pengembangan bioetanol dari gulma eceng gondok tersebut melalui 4 tahapan yaitu tahan pre-hidrolisis treatment dengan asam sulfat 2%, hidrolisis dengan larutan buffer pH 7, fermentasi dengan memanfaatkan peran mikroba dalam sistem pencernaan rayap Macrotermes gilvus untuk mendegradasi selulosa dan destilasi untuk memurnikan bioetanol yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan 5 kali ulangan. Variabel penelitian ini yaitu konsentrasi bioaktivator (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50%) dan lama waktu fermentasi yaitu 48 jam dan 96 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian menunjukkan sampel dengan lama waktu fermentasi 48 jam dan ditambahkan bioaktivator 50% memiliki kadar alkohol yang paling tinggi yaitu 2,2%.
The Effectiveness of Living Things with The Environment Teaching Materials as A Supplement to Improve Scientific Literacy of Junior High School Students Alimah, Alimah; Endang Susilowati, Sri Mulyani; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Innovative Science Education Vol 10 No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (362.072 KB) | DOI: 10.15294/jise.v9i1.38042

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The ideal science learning reflects the domain of balanced scientific literacy. Student who has scientific literacy are able to master science content, understand the characteristics of science and be able to recognize the environment through scientific process and apply science concepts in real life. Based on that statement we developed a research-based teaching material. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and appropriateness of teaching materials about Interaction of Living Things with the Environment for grade VII. The research method was used Research and Development teaching materials. Data taken in the form of module eligibility was validated by the media and material experts. Teaching materials effectiveness was analyzed by posttest score, teaching materials characteristics was described by the percentage of teaching materials characteristics based on scientific literacy. The results showed that the science teaching materials have developed was valid, feasible, and effective to support Interaction of Living Things Learning. It have characteristics based on scientific literacy and equipped with pictures to clarify the practicum process, completed with observation tables as testing data that could guide students to find the concepts being taught.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU SUPLEMEN IPA TERPADU DENGAN TEMA PENDENGARAN KELAS VIII Kurniasari, Dwi Astuti Dian; Rusilowati, Ani; Subekti, Niken
Unnes Science Education Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2014): July 2014
Publisher : Department of Integrated Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in Collaboration with Perkumpulan Pendidikan IPA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/usej.v3i2.3329

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku suplemen IPA terpadu, mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan dan kefektifan buku suplemen IPA terpadu dengan tema Pendengaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan Research and development. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku suplemen IPA terpadu dengan tema pendengaran dinyatakan valid dengan hasil validasi pakar rata-rata sebesar 3,40. Berdasarkan hasil tanggapan siswa mengenai kepraktisan buku suplemen pada uji coba skala kecil dan skala besar buku suplemen IPA terpadu termasuk dalam kriteria praktis dengan sedikit revisi. Hasil belajar kelas VIII D SMP Ya BAKKI 1 Kesugihan dari 30 siswa didapatkan ketuntasan klasikal siswa sebesar 97% dengan hasil rata-rata nilai akhir siswa adalah 75 serta rata-rata hasil N-Gain adalah 0,34 yang menunjukkan bahwa buku suplemen efektif dijadikan sebagai pendamping buku teks utama. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah buku suplemen yang dikembangkan efektif dan praktis dijadikan sebagai pendamping buku teks utama. Buku suplemen yang dikembangkan akan lebih sempurna jika beberapa saran yang ada dapat diperbaiki lebih lanjut dan penelitian ini hendaknya dapat diteruskan oleh peneliti selanjutnya dengan kelas, sekolah, dan materi yang berbeda. This study aims to determine the validity, practicability and effectiveness of integrated supplement books with the theme of Hearing. The research was carried out by Research and development approach. The results showed that the integrated science supplement books with themes hearing declared invalid by the results of expert validation by an average of 3.40. Based on the results of student responses regarding the practicality of the book supplements on a small scale trial and a large scale integrated science book supplements are included in the practical criteria with slight revisions. Learning outcomes junior class VIII D Ya BAKKI 1 Kesugihan of 30 students obtained classical completeness students by 97% with an average yield of final grades of students is 75 and the average results of N-Gain is 0.34 which indicates that the book be used as an effective supplement The main textbook companion. The conclusion of this study is an effective supplement guide developed and practically used as a companion to the main textbook. Book supplements are developed to be more perfect if there are some suggestions that can be further improved and this research should be continued by further research with classroom, school, and different materials.
Activity of Bamboo Wulung’s Smoke Gigantochloa atroviolace againts Subterranean Termites and Fungi Attack Subekti, Niken; Yoshimura, Tsuyoshi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 42, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v42i3.2761

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Termites are plants, housing, furniture, and building pests. Termite control has been carried out using synthetic pesticides that are harmful to the environment and human health. Innovation in controlling termites and fungi is required for the preservation of wood and furniture. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of bamboo Wulung’s (Gigochocha atroviolace) smoke for controlling termites and fungi attacks. The methods used were the manufacture of bamboo’s smoke, a test of preference for termites, and mortality of termites. The results showed that liquid smoke at 450oC was effective for controlling termites and fungi. The smoke of bamboo Wulung with a concentration of 10% can control C. formosanus termites. It showed 100% mortality within 14 days, while the smoke of bamboo Wulung with a concentration of 5% showed 100% mortality of R. speratus within 14 days. Bamboo smoke at pyrolysis temperature 450oC and a concentration of 2.0% can prevent the growth of T. vesicolor fungus while effective at the same concentration for F. palustris. Bamboo smoke can prevent the growth of T. vesicolor mushrooms at a liquid smoke temperature of 450oC with a concentration of 2% and the fungus F. palustris at a concentration of 2.0%.
Distribution of the Termite Reproductive Castes in Gunungpati, Semarang, Central Java Subekti, Niken; Saniaturrohmah, Saniaturrohmah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.25391

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Soil termites play a role as  a primary decomposer in natural forests. These types of termites can   be turned into residential pests as more land use to be plantations, housing, and buildings. This study analyzed the distribution of subterranean termites' reproductive caste, its identification, and environmental factors that influence the development of subterranean termites. The research methods used include distribution analysis using UV flying traps, surveys using  GPS, identification of reproductive castes, and environmental factors including  soil  nutrients,  vegetation analysis, temperature, soil moisture, air humidity, and wind speed. The results showed that the distribution of termites is found throughout the Gunungpati Semarang area. The identification of reproductive caste/alates found was Termitidae. Environmental  factors  that  affect the life of termites in the Gunungpati Semarang area December 2019-January 2020 include the temperature of 27.0-28.4 oC, the humidity of 60.2 -61.2 %, air pressure 950.5-975.0 hPa, soil pH 4.84 - 5.60 and soil moisture 29.7-34.0 %. The vegetation was dominated by the Apocynaceae, Sapindaceae, and  Euphorbiaceae. The highest value of diversity and vegetation index sequentially are Sekaran, Patemon, and Ngijo. It is found that the entire Gunungpati area of Semarang is a suitable habitat  for the growth and development of the Termitidae. The finding will help the authoritative institution to consider Gunungpati as a conservation area.
PENERAPAN MODEL GI DAN PBL DENGAN LIMBAH BATIK SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN SIKAP PEDULI LINGKUNGAN Afiani, Hilda; Susilowati, Sri Mulyani Endang; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Biology Education Vol 6 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : FMIPA UNNES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbe.v6i1.14061

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar dan sikap peduli lingkungan pada penerapan model GI dan PBL sub materi pencemaran air dengan limbah batik cair sebagai sumber belajar di SMAN 1 Pekalongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen, dengan pola non-equivalent control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas X MIPA 1 dan X MIPA 2. Uji hasil belajar siswa menunjukan rerata skor N-gain kelas eksperimen GI 0,53 lebih tinggi dari kelas eksperimen PBL 0,39. Hasil uji t skor N-gain diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,014 lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen GI dan kelas eksperimen PBL. Skor rerata sikap peduli lingkungan siswa kelas eksperimen GI sebesar 64,6 lebih besar dari kelas eksperimen PBL 60,9. Hasil uji t skor kepedulian siswa terhadap lingkungan diperoleh nilai Sig sebesar 0,008 lebih kecil dari 0,05, artinya ada perbedaan sikap peduli lingkungan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen GI dan eksperimen PBL. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar dan sikap peduli lingkungan yang signifikan pada penerapan model GI dan model PBL serta hasil belajar dan sikap peduli lingkungan lebih tinggi pada penerapan model GI dengan limbah batik cair sebagai sumber belajar di SMAN 1 Pekalongan. This study was aimed at knowing any differences of learning achievement and environmental awareness on the implementation of PBL and GI learning models in the sub material of water pollution by using Batik liquid waste as the learning source in SMA N 1 Pekalongan. Further, this study belongs to quasi experimental research by employing non-equivalent control group design. The samples of this study were class X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 2. After the treatments were given, the result of GI experimental class got 0.53 average point higher than PBI experimental class. Moreover, the t-test result on N-gain obtained significance value of 0.014 which was less than 0.05, for there was a significant difference of the learning achievement between those classes. Besides, the environmental awareness average score of GI experimental class was higher than PBL experimental class, namely 64.6 and 60.9. Accordingly, the t-test result of the environmental awareness score gained significance value of 0.008 which was less than 0.05, meaning that there was a significant difference of the environmental awareness between GI and PBL experimental classes. In conclusion, this study showed significant differences by having GI's scores higher than PBL in the learning achievement and environmental awareness.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING BERBANTUAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS KONSEP MATERI VERTEBRATA Safufia, Ariza Naila; Priyono, Bambang; Subekti, Niken
Journal of Biology Education Vol 5 No 3 (2016)
Publisher : FMIPA UNNES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbe.v5i3.14863

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Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas penerapan pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan bahan ajar berbasis konsep materi vertebrata terhadap hasil belajar di SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan quasi experimental design. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kelas X MIA 6 (kelas kontrol) dan X MIA 3 (kelas eksperimen) yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata ketuntasan klasikal siswa kelas eksperimen mencapai 83,3% sedangkan kelas kontrol 55,5%. Berdasarkan analisis data aktivitas siswa aspek afektif siswa kelas eksperimen (81,09%) lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol (61,2%). Analisis aspek psikomotorik siswa kelas eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol dengan persentase kriteria sangat baik sebesar 92,2%, sedangkan kelas kontrol diperoleh kriteria sangat baik sebesar 84,5%. Hasil analisis uji menunjukkan thitung 8,114> ttabel 1,994 dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 sehingga terlihat adanya perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajar kedua kelas. Hasil rata-rata angket tanggapan siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran dengan kriteria baik sebesar 77,4% dan 88,2% siswa mengatakan terlaksana dengan sangat baik. Secara umum guru dan siswa memberikan tanggapan sangat baik terhadap pembelajaran yang diterapkan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan bahan ajar berbasis konsep efektif diterapkan pada materi vertebrata siswa kelas X MIA SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang. The aim of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of implementation of guided inquiry learning aided teaching materials based on the concept of vertebrate material to the learning outcome at SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang. The research was done by quasi experimental design. The samples was X MIA 6 class as the control group and X MIA 3 class as the experimental group which taken by purposive sampling technique. The result showed that the classical completeness average of the experimental group was 83,3%, while the control group was 55,5%. Data analysis on affective aspects in the experimental group was better than the control group. The analysis of the psychomotor aspects of the experimental group was better than the control group. T-test showed that both classes were significantly different. The average of the students questionnaire responses after joining the learning was in good criteria. Generally the teacher and the students also gave good responses in the implementation of the learning. It can be concluded that implementation of guided inquiry learning aided teaching materials based on the concept was effective to be implemented in the vertebrate material for tenth graders of X MIA in SMA Kesatrian 1 Semarang.
Co-Authors - Kinaseh, - A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Aflah, Ulin Nikmatul Afniyati, Nur Afniyati, Nur Afrin Nur Aisyah Aisyah, Afrin Nur Alimah, Alimah Ani Rusilowati Anifatussholihah, Anifatussholihah Anifatussholihah, Anifatussholihah Anita Fadhila Anita Fadhila Aprilia Findayani Aprilia Findayani Ari Yuniastuti Ariza Naila Safufia, Ariza Naila Atunnisa, Rifa' Bambang Priyono Bambang Priyono Chamidah, Isni Nurul Chamidah, Isni Nurul Dewi Liesnoor Setyowati Dewi Susilowati Dewi, Mutiarani Kartika Dodi Nandika Dwi Astuti Dian Kurniasari, Dwi Astuti Dian Dyah Rini Indriyanti Fahrur Rozi Heru Setyanto Hilda Afiani, Hilda Indirasari, Indirasari Juhadi Juhadi Latifah - Latifah - Lisdiana Lisdiana Melinda, Aura Tirsa Miranita Khusniati Muhammad Taufiq Nina Oktarina Ning Setiati Novi Ratna Dewi Nur Rahayu Utami Priyantini Widiyaningrum Purwaningsih - Putri Oktaviani Putri, Pinandhita Putri, Pinandhita R. Susanti, R. Susanti Retno Wulandari Rifa' Atunnisa Rifa'atunnisa, Rifa'atunnisa Risa Dwita Hardiyanto Saniaturrohmah Saniaturrohmah Saniaturrohmah Saniaturrohmah Saniaturrohmah, Saniaturrohmah Septiyaningsih, Tri Septiyaningsih, Tri Setyanto, Heru Shinta Hedy Cahyaningrum Shinta Hedy Cahyanningrum Siti Alimah Siti Harnina Bintari Siti Khalimah Sonika Maulana Sonika Maulana Sri Mulyani Endang Susilowati, Sri Mulyani Endang Surjono Surjokusumo Syaiful Anwar Takehiro, Hayashi Talitha Widiatningrum TARUNI SRI PRAWAST MIEN KAOMINI ANY ARYANI DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN Tetsuo, Isozaki Tsuyoshi Yoshimura Tsuyoshi Yoshimura Tuswadi, Tuswadi Tyas Agung Pribadi, Tyas Agung Yoshinori, Fujikawa Zahra, Citra Anisah