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Amino Acids Isolation from α-keratin of Javanese Goat (Capra hircus) Hair and Garut Sheep (Ovis aries) Hair Waste Using Acid Hydrolysis Method as BCAA Supplement Firdaus, Dzikri Anfasa; Andrianto, Dimas; Darmawan, Noviyan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.38146

Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair contain α-keratin, a protein that can be broken by hydrolysis to produce simpler amino acids. Feather waste generates millions of tons of α-keratin biomass originating from animal slaughterhouses, thereby raising health concerns. The utilization of acid hydrolysis is considered to be more cost-effective compared to enzymatic hydrolysis, and it provides a broader range of amino acid cleavage sites compared to enzymes, which exhibit specific cleavage. This study aimed to isolate amino acids from Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair through acid hydrolysis. The methods included hair sample preparation, acid hydrolysis used 6 M HCL at 110°C, reflux isolation, amino acid separation based on isoelectric pH 4.9 –5.4, functional groups analysis using FTIR, and analysis of amino acid content by HPLC methods. The results showed that the yield produced after isolation on Javanese goat hair samples was 0.92% and Garut sheep hair 0.32%, respectively. The FTIR spectrum showed amino acid functional groups in both samples, including carboxyl (COOH), amine (C-N primer), (C-S disulfide), and amide I (-CONH2). Successful breakdown of α-keratin proteins into simpler amino acids was achieved for Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair. Amino acid analysis of Javanese goat hair isolates revealed the presence of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, and arginine amino acids, respectively. The highest content was isoleucine at 0.60% w/w. In conclusion, the isolated amino acids from Javanese goat hair can be used as a halal supplement that serves as nutrition in the body.

Synthesis of Green Diesel from Palm Oil Using Nickel-based Catalyst: A Review Aziz, Isalmi; Sugita, Purwantiningsih; Darmawan, Noviyan; Dwiatmoko, Adid Adep
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 1, May 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i1.26488

Petroleum is the primary energy that is generally used throughout the world. Its non-renewable nature and exhaust gas emissions that can damage the environment are a concern for developing environmentally friendly renewable energy. Green diesel is an alternative energy to replace diesel fuel (diesel) from petroleum which has the potential to be developed. The raw material in palm oil has great potential for development due to its relatively high production. Green diesel synthesis can be carried out using the catalytic deoxygenation method. The type of raw material, catalyst, and process conditions influences this method. The catalyst is the most influential factor in catalytic deoxygenation. Transition metal catalysts like nickel are inexpensive and have good catalytic activity like precious metals. Catalytic activity can be increased by modifying the catalyst components and optimizing the process. Modification of the catalyst can increase the surface area, Lewis and Bronsted sites, and crystal size so that the resulting green diesel can be maximized, such as Ni-Co, Ni-Zn, and Ni-Mo bimetallic catalysts.

Application of PAN/α-Fe2O3-Bentonite as A Photocatalytic Membrane for The Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Sitompul, Dina Wardani; Kemala, Tetty; Darmawan, Noviyan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 9, No. 1, May 2023
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v9i1.28635

The intricate molecular structure of the dyes in wastewater makes it difficult to biodegrade, which could harm the environment. Currently, semiconductor-based photocatalytic methods are being developed to remove dyes from water. In this study, the α-Fe2O3-bentonite photocatalyst was synthesized by mechanical milling and immobilized in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane by phase inversion. Analysis of the composition and surface morphology of the synthesized samples was carried out by FTIR, XRD, and EDX. The performance of the photocatalytic membrane was studied by investigating the removal of methylene blue (MB). Photocatalytic membrane with 2% α-Fe2O3-bentonite had the best performance in removing MB (10 ppm) that reached 99.84% at pH 11.5 with an irradiation time of 300 minutes under direct sunlight. The reuse cycle of the photocatalytic membrane was also carried out and the results showed that there is no significant change in the photodegradation efficiency after 3 cycles. Photocatalyst immobilization on PAN membranes is proven to overcome the post-recovery problem of photocatalysts and making easier to reuse. The photocatalyst membrane synthesized in this study can be used as an alternative for removing dyes from water.

Amino Acids Isolation from α-keratin of Javanese Goat (Capra hircus) Hair and Garut Sheep (Ovis aries) Hair Waste Using Acid Hydrolysis Method as BCAA Supplement Firdaus, Dzikri Anfasa; Andrianto, Dimas; Darmawan, Noviyan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.38146

Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair contain α-keratin, a protein that can be broken by hydrolysis to produce simpler amino acids. Feather waste generates millions of tons of α-keratin biomass originating from animal slaughterhouses, thereby raising health concerns. The utilization of acid hydrolysis is considered to be more cost-effective compared to enzymatic hydrolysis, and it provides a broader range of amino acid cleavage sites compared to enzymes, which exhibit specific cleavage. This study aimed to isolate amino acids from Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair through acid hydrolysis. The methods included hair sample preparation, acid hydrolysis used 6 M HCL at 110°C, reflux isolation, amino acid separation based on isoelectric pH 4.9 –5.4, functional groups analysis using FTIR, and analysis of amino acid content by HPLC methods. The results showed that the yield produced after isolation on Javanese goat hair samples was 0.92% and Garut sheep hair 0.32%, respectively. The FTIR spectrum showed amino acid functional groups in both samples, including carboxyl (COOH), amine (C-N primer), (C-S disulfide), and amide I (-CONH2). Successful breakdown of α-keratin proteins into simpler amino acids was achieved for Javanese goat and Garut sheep hair. Amino acid analysis of Javanese goat hair isolates revealed the presence of aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamate, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, and arginine amino acids, respectively. The highest content was isoleucine at 0.60% w/w. In conclusion, the isolated amino acids from Javanese goat hair can be used as a halal supplement that serves as nutrition in the body.

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