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Malaria and Anopheles spp in the villages of Salubarana and Kadaila, Mamuju District, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia Nurdin, Armyn; Syafruddin, Din; Wahid, Isra; Noor, Nur N.; Sunahara, Toshihiko; Mogi, Motoyoshi
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 12, No 4 (2003): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Malaria epidemiology in Salubarana and Kadaila villages, Mamuju District, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia was studied from July-December 2002 to obtain baseline data related to the parasite, mosquito vector, human host, and environmental factors. Monthly malariometric surveys conducted during the six- month period revealed a relatively high prevalence of malaria in Kadaila in comparison to Salubarana. Kadaila was mainly inhabited by migrants from Java, Bali, Lombok, and from other districts of South Sulawesi. Salubarana, on the other hand, was inhabited mainly by indigenous Mandarese. Analysis of 1,113 blood smears taken from individuals randomly involved in the survey revealed 59 positive samples, consisting of Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax. These two species predominated the samples examined and were occasionally found as mixed infection. Anopheles barbirostris was confirmed as a vector for malaria in this area whereas 7 other species An. barbumbrosus, An. parangensis, An. vagus, An. crawfordi, An.pseudobarbirostris, An. Tessellatus, and An. subpictus should be considered as potential vectors. The first mentioned species predominated, using mainly riverbeds and ground pools as breeding places with a habit of indoor or outdoor resting. These findings could be useful for establishing evidence-based malaria control program in the area. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 252-8) Keywords: malaria epidemiology, parasite, vectors, environmental factors, Indonesia

Effect of Artesunate on Peripheral Parasitaemia in Pregnant Women with Plasmodium Falciparum Infection Saragih, Susi W; T. Chalid, St. Maisuri; Malinta, Umar; Wahid, Isra
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 5, No. 3, July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To determine the effect of artesunate on peripheral parasitaemia in pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Methods: Pregnant women in second and third trimester with Plasmodium falciparum infection and their newborns were included in cohort prospective study in Sorong West Papua from September 2015 to February 2016. All pregnant women received 200 mg orally artesunate monotherapy for 7 days. Their newborns examined for weight at delivery and parasitaemia in placenta and cord blood. Parasitaemia diagnosis by Rapid Diagnostic Test and blood smear microscopy. Results: After artesunatemonotherapy, 82.5% (33/40) malariainfected pregnant women had negative parasitaemia (p=0.000) although 17.5% (7/40) of the pregnant women had positive parasitaemia. Parasitaemia also found in 10% (4/40) of placenta and 7.5% (3/40) of umbilical cord from newborns of malaria-infected pregnant women treated with artesunate. 70% (28/40) of the newborns in this study had normal weight. Conclusion: Artesunate reduces peripheral parasitaemia in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, and is associated with normal birth weight. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-3: 135-138] Keywords: artesunate, low birth weight, peripheral parasitaemia

Effect of Artesunate on Peripheral Parasitaemia in Pregnant Women with Plasmodium Falciparum Infection Saragih, Susi W; T. Chalid, St. Maisuri; Malinta, Umar; Wahid, Isra
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 5, No. 3, July 2017
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: To determine the effect of artesunate on peripheral parasitaemia in pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Methods: Pregnant women in second and third trimester with Plasmodium falciparum infection and their newborns were included in cohort prospective study in Sorong West Papua from September 2015 to February 2016. All pregnant women received 200 mg orally artesunate monotherapy for 7 days. Their newborns examined for weight at delivery and parasitaemia in placenta and cord blood. Parasitaemia diagnosis by Rapid Diagnostic Test and blood smear microscopy. Results: After artesunatemonotherapy, 82.5% (33/40) malariainfected pregnant women had negative parasitaemia (p=0.000) although 17.5% (7/40) of the pregnant women had positive parasitaemia. Parasitaemia also found in 10% (4/40) of placenta and 7.5% (3/40) of umbilical cord from newborns of malaria-infected pregnant women treated with artesunate. 70% (28/40) of the newborns in this study had normal weight. Conclusion: Artesunate reduces peripheral parasitaemia in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, and is associated with normal birth weight. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-3: 135-138] Keywords: artesunate, low birth weight, peripheral parasitaemia

Resistance status of Aedes mosquitoes as dengue vectors and the potential of plant larvicides from Indonesia for biological control: A narrative review Kasman, Kasman; Ishak, Hasanuddin; Alam, Gemini; Amiruddin, Ridwan; Hastutiek, Poedji; Arsin, Andi A.; Nasir, Sudirman; Ridha, Muhammad R.; Wahid, Isra
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1819

Dengue fever remains a major public health threat in Indonesia, exacerbated by rising insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti. Strategies relying on chemical insecticides, while initially effective, have led to widespread resistance in mosquito populations. This resistance is particularly pronounced in areas such as Java, where the extensive use of insecticides, including organophosphates and pyrethroids, has been documented. To address this challenge, one promising alternative is the utilization of biolarvicides derived from local Indonesian plant materials. Biolarvicides are environmentally friendly, safe, and have the potential to mitigate the adverse impacts associated with chemical insecticides. Numerous studies have explored the larvicidal properties of indigenous plants native to Indonesia, demonstrating their efficacy against A. aegypti. The aim of this study was to examine insecticide resistance in Aedes mosquitoes across Indonesia, highlighting geographical variations and underexplored regions, and exploring plant-based biolarvicides as sustainable alternatives. Biolarvicides derived from native Indonesian plants could be eco-friendly alternative for dengue vector management. Their integration into existing control strategies could significantly enhance efforts to control dengue while reducing the environmental and health risks posed by chemical insecticides.

Comparative analysis of hemotoxic, myotoxic, and inflammatory profiles of Calloselasma rhodostoma and Trimeresurus insularis venoms in mice Aphrodita, Adiva; Sentono, Diva N.; Yudha, Donan S.; Purwestri, Yekti A.; Nuringtyas, Tri R.; Raharjo, Slamet; Wahid, Isra; Rahmi, Sri N.; Wahyudi, Setyanto T.; Sofyantoro, Fajar
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narraj.v5i2.1874

Snakebite envenomation remains a significant medical concern, particularly in tropical regions where venomous snakes such as Calloselasma rhodostoma and Trimeresurus insularis are prevalent. Both venoms are known for their potent hemotoxic, myotoxic, and inflammatory effects, yet their differential impacts on systemic physiological pathways remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the hematological, myotoxic, and inflammatory effects of C. rhodostoma and T. insularis venoms in a murine model and to explore their influence on systemic factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is critical for muscle repair and inflammation regulation. Mice were exposed to varying doses (20–100 µg) of C. rhodostoma and T. insularis venoms. Hematological parameters, muscle degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and plasma IGF-1 levels were assessed to evaluate the venoms' systemic and local effects. Our data indicated that C. rhodostoma venom induced significant changes in blood coagulation, muscle edema, and inflammatory infiltration, with pronounced effects even at lower doses. Conversely, T. insularis venom showed a dose-dependent suppression of IGF-1 levels, highlighting its unique systemic impact. Both venoms caused severe muscle damage, characterized by structural disintegration and increased leukocyte infiltration, with C. rhodostoma eliciting a stronger inflammatory response at lower doses.Snakebite envenomation remains a significant medical concern, particularly in tropical regions where venomous snakes such as Calloselasma rhodostoma and Trimeresurus insularis are prevalent. Both venoms are known for their potent hemotoxic, myotoxic, and inflammatory effects, yet their differential impacts on systemic physiological pathways remain unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the hematological, myotoxic, and inflammatory effects of C. rhodostoma and T. insularis venoms in a murine model and to explore their influence on systemic factors such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which is critical for muscle repair and inflammation regulation. Mice were exposed to varying doses (20–100 µg) of C. rhodostoma and T. insularis venoms. Hematological parameters, muscle degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and plasma IGF-1 levels were assessed to evaluate the venoms' systemic and local effects. Our data indicated that C. rhodostoma venom induced significant changes in blood coagulation, muscle edema, and inflammatory infiltration, with pronounced effects even at lower doses. Conversely, T. insularis venom showed a dose-dependent suppression of IGF-1 levels, highlighting its unique systemic impact. Both venoms caused severe muscle damage, characterized by structural disintegration and increased leukocyte infiltration, with C. rhodostoma eliciting a stronger inflammatory response at lower doses.

Efektivitas Atraktan Recycled Water terhadap Peningkatan Angka Bebas Jentik: The Effectiveness of Recycled Water Attractants in Improving the Larvae-Free Index Muh. Saleh; Nildawati; Wahid, Isra; Khaer, Ain; Rachmat, Muhammad
Aspirator Vol 15 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 15 Nomor 2 2024
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v15i2.81

The increasing cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Indonesia demands effective, affordable, and environmentally friendly vector control strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of recycled water-based attractants in improving the Larvae-Free Index (Angka Bebas Jentik/ABJ) compared to conventional water and brown sugar plus yeast attractants. The study was conducted over nine weeks in three hamlets with homogeneous environmental characteristics in Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. Simple ovitraps were used to attract gravid female mosquitoes, while ABJ was measured through the inspection of natural containers. The results showed that recycled water significantly increased ABJ, reaching 96.08% in the eighth week, higher than conventional water (53.03%) and brown sugar plus yeast (37.50%). One-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference among attractant groups (p = 0.000), and further analysis using the Post-hoc Tukey test confirmed significant differences between recycled water and the other two attractants. In conclusion, recycled water proved to be an effective attractant for diverting mosquito oviposition from natural containers to ovitraps, thereby increasing environmental ABJ. This method has potential as a practical, sustainable, and community-based solution for vector control in dengue-endemic areas.

Transmisi Malaria Dari Penduduk yang Bermigrasi Ke Daerah Endemik Rendah Malasari, Risma; Rahma, Nur; Rustam, Sri Nur Rahmi Nur; Sjahril, Rizalinda; Wahid, Isra
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 72 No 5 (2022): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.72.5-2022-631

Introduction: Malaria is an infectious disease that continues to be a public health issue worldwide, including in Indonesia. This study aims to detect the presence of Plasmodium parasites among immigrants from malaria endemic areas. Method: The research was conducted from September until November 2019 in three regency/cities in South Sulawesi, namely Makassar City, Tana Toraja and North Toraja. The population in this study were immigrants from malaria endemic areas (native Papua and non-Papua) who lived in the area for at least 2 years before visiting the cities of Makassar, Tana Toraja, or North Toraja. All samples were examined for malaria parasites using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: The results of the PCR test on 256 samples of migrants (native Papuan and non-Papuan) detected 19.53% positive for malaria. This research showed that a high prevalence of malaria parasites was found among asymptomatic immigrants, both native Papuans and non-Papuans in South Sulawesi. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the asymptomatic immigrants from endemic areas such as Papua need to be screened early because they may still have malaria parasites in their blood and become carriers, leading potential to cause local transmission.

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