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All Journal Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Hermeneutika : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Interdisciplinary Social Studies Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Journal of Social Research Journal Indonesia Law and Policy Review (JILPR) Edunity: Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Journal of Social Science Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences
Alip Rahman
Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Legal Aspects of Indemnification Clauses in Business Transactions in The Digital Age Imam Al Hakim; Alip Rahman; Anom Sutrisno
Journal of Social Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Social Research
Publisher : International Journal Labs (AHU-0028405-AH.01.14 Tahun 2022)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/josr.v5i7.3252

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technologies has transformed traditional business transactions into online platforms, introducing new challenges for legal certainty and consumer protection. In digital agreements, exoneration clauses often limit or eliminate the liability of business actors, raising concerns about fairness and legal enforceability. This study aims to examine the application and legal implications of exoneration clauses in digital business transactions in Indonesia, assessing their compliance with statutory provisions and their impact on consumers. The research employs a normative legal research approach, analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, including the Civil Code, Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, and Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. Data collection was conducted through library research, while descriptive qualitative analysis was used to synthesize legal norms, doctrines, and expert opinions. Validity and reliability were ensured through triangulation of sources and systematic interpretation. The findings indicate that while exoneration clauses are permissible under the principle of freedom of contract, they cannot be applied arbitrarily. Clauses that disproportionately shift responsibility onto consumers violate the principles of good faith, fairness, and statutory consumer protection. Digital agreements must therefore balance contractual freedom with the protection of weaker parties. The study concludes that legal certainty in digital transactions depends not only on electronic signature recognition, but also on compliance with applicable laws, transparency, and adequate oversight to safeguard consumer rights.
Aspects of Consumer Protection for Online Shop Business Actors in Delivery Service Negligence Raissa Kemala Dewi; Alip Rahman; Siska Karina
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 10 (2026): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v4i10.751

Abstract

The rapid growth of e-commerce puts delivery service companies as a crucial element in the distribution chain. However, this dynamic often raises a gap in losses for online shop business actors due to expedition negligence and inequality in the bargaining position in the use of standard clauses. Because of this polemic, this study questions how the legal protection mechanism is able to protect online shop business actors when facing the negligence of the shipper. Therefore, the research was directed to identify proportionate forms of legal protection as well as analyze the effectiveness of the compensation claim process based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. In order to unravel these problems, a normative juridical approach enriched with qualitative data is used through tracing of rules, interviews, and observations at J&T Kargo Kesambi. The results of the study revealed that there is an empirical clash between the principle of absolute responsibility in regulation and the practice of including exoneration clauses that unilaterally limit the value of compensation. Insurance facilities often shift into an instrument of release of the responsibility of service providers, forcing business actors to bear absolute financial risks if they do not use them. The fulfillment of this right is further hampered by claim procedures, such as the absolute obligation to include unboxing videos.
Kajian Penegakan Hukum Untuk Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Ruang Publik Dimas Muhammad Fadilah; Alip Rahman; Anom Sutrisno
Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin (Juli - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research & Yayasan Sinergi Inovasi Bersama (SIBER)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jsmd.v4i2.923

Abstract

Implementasi regulasi kawasan tanpa asap rokok merupakan strategi krusial untuk menciptakan ruang publik yang sehat, namun keberhasilannya sangat bergantung pada ketegasan pelaksanaan aturan di lapangan. Studi ini bertujuan mengevaluasi prosedur penegakan aturan kawasan bebas rokok di Kota Cirebon, merujuk pada Peraturan Daerah Nomor 8 Tahun 2015. Dengan menerapkan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang dikombinasikan dengan data wawancara bersama personel Satpol PP Kota Cirebon, penelitian ini membedah persoalan menggunakan teori penegakan hukum dari Soerjono Soekanto, yang mencakup aspek hukum, aparatur, sarana, budaya masyarakat. Temuan riset mengungkapkan bahwa dari regulasi, dasar hukum telah tersedia secara lengkap melalui Perda dan Peraturan Walikota sebagai acuan teknis. Pihak Satpol PP pun telah melakukan langkah penertiban, mulai dari diseminasi informasi hingga operasi gabungan dengan TNI dan Polri, kendati aktivitas tersebut belum terjadwal secara rutin. Sementara infrastruktur pendukung dianggap kurang cukup memadai, kendala utama justru muncul dari faktor budaya masyarakat. Rendahnya kepatuhan hukum serta kebiasaan merokok yang telah mendarah daging di tengah penduduk menjadi tantangan signifikan. Sebagai kesimpulan, penegakan aturan bebas rokok di Kota Cirebon saat ini belum mencapai hasil optimal. Diperlukan penguatan pengawasan yang lebih intensif, peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, serta kampanye edukasi yang lebih masif dan berkesinambungan agar kebijakan dapat berjalan efektif di masa mendatang
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Barcode Atas Transaksi Jual Beli Bahan Bakar Minyak Bersubsidi Nabila Kartika Putri; Alip Rahman
Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin (Juli - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research & Yayasan Sinergi Inovasi Bersama (SIBER)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jsmd.v4i2.950

Abstract

Penyalahgunaan barcode dalam transaksi jual beli bahan bakar minyak (BBM) bersubsidi menjadi permasalahan yang semakin berkembang seiring diterapkannya sistem digital MyPertamina dalam distribusi BBM subsidi. Sistem barcode yang bertujuan untuk menjamin ketepatan sasaran subsidi pada praktiknya justru dimanfaatkan oleh pihak tertentu melalui penggunaan barcode secara berulang, peminjaman barcode milik orang lain, hingga manipulasi data untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan dasar pertanggungjawaban hukum terhadap pelaku penyalahgunaan barcode BBM bersubsidi berdasarkan hukum positif di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah  yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyalahgunaan barcode BBM bersubsidi dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana dan pelakunya dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban berdasarkan Undang-Undang Minyak dan Gas Bumi, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, serta Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (ITE). selain itu, pelaku juga dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban perdata bersadarkan ketentuan perbuatan melawan hukum kareena menimbulkan kerugian terhadap negara atau badan usaha yang berwenang menyalurkan bahan bakar minyak bersubsidi.
Pertimbangan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Dikaitkan dengan Pasal 55 KUHP Widya Puteri Cahyani; Alip Rahman
Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin (Juli - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research & Yayasan Sinergi Inovasi Bersama (SIBER)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jsmd.v4i2.973

Abstract

Penyalahgunaan Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) bersubsidi merupakan salah satu bentuk tindak pidana di sektor minyak dan gas bumi yang masih sering terjadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengkaji Putusan Nomor 98/Pid.B/LH/2024/PN Sbr mengenai tindak pidana penyalahgunaan LPG yang melibatkan tiga orang terdakwa yang secara bersama-sama memindahkan isi tabung LPG bersubsidi 3 kilogram ke tabung non-subsidi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi yuridis tindak pidana tersebut serta pertanggungjawaban pidana yang dijatuhkan kepada masing-masing terdakwa dikaitkan dengan ajaran penyertaan (deelneming) dalam Pasal 55 KUHP. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga terdakwa telah tepat diklasifikasikan sebagai peserta yang turut serta melakukan (medepleger), bukan sebagai doenpleger maupun uitlokker, namun pengadilan belum melakukan individualisasi pemidanaan berdasarkan derajat kontribusi masing-masing terdakwa, dan seorang yang berpotensi sebagai uitlokker yang mengendalikan serta membiayai kegiatan tersebut belum diproses hukum karena berstatus Daftar Pencarian Orang (DPO).
Legal Protection for E-commerce Business Actors regarding Consumer Reviews Julia Choeirunnissa; Martin Situmorang; Muhamad Zidan; Endang Sutrisno; Alip Rahman
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 5 (2024): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v3i5.4852

Abstract

Customer reviews in e-commerce play an important role in influencing the decisions made by customers. Before making a purchase, many people read positive customer reviews because they can offer useful information to potential buyers and increase their overall level of trust in the product. The purpose of this research is to analyse the good faith of business actors and how it impacts the law stipulated in the Consumer Protection Law. This research utilizes a normative legal research study whose findings show that consumers are not liable for criticism that harms businesses, according to the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK). In particular, Article 5a requires consumers to pay special attention to product descriptions listed in stores. In the e-commerce business world, business actors utilize the latest technology such as the internet to facilitate their business activities, yes; they get a number of benefits such as serving customers and making it easier to access distant information more quickly. If business actors receive negative reviews from consumers that do not match the facts so as to cause losses to business actors, the legal protection for business actors based on a positive legal perspective will be analysed. Based on the results of the analysis, it is found that giving negative reviews by consumers without a clear explanation and not according to the facts can harm business actors. This is considered a bad faith action by consumers.
Legal Protection for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Facing Unfair Business Competition Putri Indah Lestari; Wardi Wardi; Tatang Basujata; Alip Rahman; Diky Dikrurahman
Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jrssem.v4i1.690

Abstract

In the context of toxic business competition, this research investigates the legal protection of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, particularly in partnerships with large corporations. The primary emphasis is on the implementation of Law Number 5 of 1999, which prohibits monopolistic practices and unfair business competition, and Law Number 20 of 2008, which pertains to small and medium-sized enterprises. Data was collected from literature studies, pertinent regulations, and in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders using a qualitative approach and a case study design. The research results show that although the legal framework already exists, effective implementation still requires improvement. MSMEs face various challenges in partnerships with large companies, including access to resources and greater risks in business transactions. Recommendations are prepared to strengthen legal protection through regulatory revisions, strengthening legal institutions, legal education, developing partnerships, and stricter law enforcement. The main aim is to increase fairness in business relations between MSMEs and large companies, as well as support inclusive and sustainable economic growth in Indonesia. It is hoped that the implications of this research can provide a positive contribution in renewing policies that support the development of MSMEs as the backbone of the national economy.
Legal Certainty of Suspension of Detention with Guarantee under Article 110 of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code Rakhmat Makhmudin; Alip Rahman; Siska Karina
Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2027): October-January
Publisher : Inovasi Pratama Internasional. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/jsh.v5i2.2013

Abstract

The enactment of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) introduces significant reforms to criminal procedural law, including the regulation of suspension of detention with guarantee under Article 110. Although the provision seeks to strengthen procedural safeguards and the protection of suspects' rights, questions remain regarding its ability to ensure legal certainty in practical implementation. This study aims to analyze the normative regulation of suspension of detention with guarantee under Article 110 and evaluate whether the provision provides adequate legal certainty within Indonesia's criminal justice system. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Primary legal materials consist of Law Number 20 of 2025 and related legislation, while secondary legal materials include recent scholarly publications on criminal procedure, detention, due process of law, legal certainty, and human rights. The collected legal materials were analyzed qualitatively through descriptive, interpretative, and evaluative legal analysis. The findings reveal that Article 110 establishes a more comprehensive legal framework than the previous Criminal Procedure Code by reaffirming the authority to grant suspension of detention, recognizing monetary and personal guarantees, and strengthening procedural safeguards. However, the provision has not yet achieved complete legal certainty because it lacks objective statutory criteria governing the approval of applications, proportional guarantee standards, and measurable parameters for the exercise of official discretion. Consequently, inconsistent interpretation and unequal application remain potential challenges in practice. The novelty of this study lies in its normative evaluation of Article 110 from the perspective of legal certainty following the enactment of the new Criminal Procedure Code. The study recommends the adoption of implementing regulations or judicial guidelines establishing objective procedural standards to ensure consistent application while strengthening due process of law and the protection of suspects' rights
Analisis Pembuktian Untuk Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Penerima Endorsement dalam Judi Online Visia Nurmalita Trully; Alip Rahman; Anom Sutrisno
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 7 (2026): Tema Hukum Pidana
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v7i7.4282

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the evidence of the element of "distributing and/or making accessible" online gambling content by endorsement recipients based on Article 27 paragraph (2) of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and analyze their criminal liability. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that the evidence must be based on the fulfillment of the elements of the crime, the element of intent, and valid electronic evidence. The criminal liability of endorsement recipients is analyzed based on the provisions of the ITE Law, the regulation of gambling crimes in the Criminal Code, and the concept of participation (deelneming), so that perpetrators who are proven to play an active role in promoting online gambling can be punished according to the provisions of statutory regulations.
Kajian Hukum dalam Rehabilitasi Tindak Pidana Narkotika terhadap Pelaku Penyalahgunaan bagi Dirinya Sendiri Ardiansyah Firdaus; Alip Rahman; Anom Sutrisno
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 12 (2026): Tema Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i12.4301

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal regulations for perpetrators of self-abuse of narcotics who meet the rehabilitation criteria and the judge's legal considerations in Decision Number 372/Pid.Sus/2024/PN.Sbr. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory regulatory approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that rehabilitation has been regulated in Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 4 of 2010 and Joint Regulation of 2014. The decision has correctly applied Article 127 paragraph (1) letter a, but the judge's considerations have not comprehensively explained the reasons for not implementing rehabilitation, so that the orientation of punishment still emphasizes imprisonment rather than a rehabilitative approach.
Co-Authors Adit Hartadi Aditya Panca Nugraha Agus Dimyati Ainun Nafik Aji Indra Laksana Akmal Muzhafar Rasul Alya Putri Nasution Andini Kurnia Anom Sutrisno Anom Sutrisno Ardiansyah Firdaus Ariq Muzaffar Wahyu Dea Putri Utami Diky Dikrurahman Diky Irdianto Pratama Pratama Dimas Muhammad Fadilah Endang Sutrisno Fara Winda Feri Wangi Gevira Izatun Nisa Helvin Crismayudhi Imam Al Hakim Irgi Setiawan Jessica Puspa Puspa Julia Choeirunnissa Kemas Adhitya Luthfi Lita Martia Luthfiyah Shabrinah M. Noupel Martin Situmorang Maulina Rahmah Nurazizah Monica Octavia Muhamad Zidan Muhammad Akbar Rachmatullah Nabila Kartika Putri Puji Irawan Pratama Putra Putri Indah Lestari Raissa Kemala Dewi Rakhmat Makhmudin Ratu Mawar Kartina Rio Alexandro Riswanto Riswanto Sanusi Shafira Zahru Silviyah A’delina Sinta Mayana Siska Karina Siska Karina Sudarminto Sudarminto Tatang Basujata Triana Justitia Mahardeka Visia Nurmalita Trully Wardi Wardi Widya Puteri Cahyani Winata Yudistira Yogi Genovan