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IDENTIFICATION OF M4 GAMMA IRRADIATED MAIZE MUTANT BASED ON RAPD MARKERS Rustikawati, Rustikawati; Suprijono, Eko; Romeida, Atra; Herison, Catur; Sutjahjo, Surjono H.
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 34, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Gamma irradiation to induce mutation in plant has been used intensively since several decades ago.Â On maize, 275 Gy gamma irradiation have been known to increase genetic variability indicated by their morphological variation.Â Identification on genetic changes by molecular technique is important to answer whether there is mutation happening on DNA level of the plants.Â Â The objective of this research was to identify RAPD marker polymorphism on gamma irradiation mutants compared to their parents.Â The initial step of the research was to select random primers could positively amplify the maize DNA.Â The result showed that selection on 60 random primers yielded 15 primers that positively amplified the maize DNA.Â Amplification on both mutants and their parents by those 15 selected primers indicated that only 5 primers yielding polymorphism between mutants and their parents.Â Polymorphisms on mutant G1, G3 and G6 were detected on one locus, meanwhile on mutant G7, G8 and G9 were on two loci.

Keragaan dan Keragaman Genetik Sifat-sifat Kuantitatif Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) pada Generasi Seleksi F6 Persilangan Varietas Slamet x Nakhonsawan1 Edizon Jambormias; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Muhammad Jusuf; , Suharsono
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 35 No. 3 (2007): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

A field experiment to obtain new improved soybean varieties with higher yield and seed size was conducted by crossing Slamet Variety (high yield, small seed size) with Nakhonsawan (large seed size) in order to produce F6 selected generation. The process of selection and evaluation was conducted during a 3.5 month period, from August to December 2003 in KP IPB Sindang Barang Bogor. The pedigree selection method was used in the experiments. Data was analyzed based on information of set of total data, relatives and individually. The results showed that low performance for all traits compared to the Slamet variety except seed size and seed production traits, and higher than Nakhonsawan variety except seed size. However, genetic variances and heritabilities were high for all traits except number of branch. On the other hand, distribution of genetic variances and heritabilities on all levels of relatives were small except for the within-family F6 generations. This indicated that there was an effect of over-dominance gene action. Conclusion of analysis showed existence of two families with high seed production and seed size if compared to Slamet variety. Key words: Soybean, selection, performance, genetic variability, and heritabilities.

EVALUASI PENAMPILAN KARAKTER HORTIKULTURA BEBERAPA GENOTIPE JAGUNG DAN POTENSINYA UNTUK DIKEMBANGKAN SEBAGAI JAGUNG SEMI (Baby Corn) Marlina Sirait; Surjono H. Sutjahjo
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 25 No. 2 (1997): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The objective of this study was evaluate horticultural performance of several maize genotypes and their potential to be developed as baby corn. The experiment was conducted at Sindangbarang Experimental Station of Bogor Agricultural University Bogor, from April until June 1995. The design used was randomized complete block design (RED) with three replications. Fifteen genotypes consisted of local maize (8 numbers), improved variety (3 numbers) and introduction (3 numbers) were evaluated with CP1-1 hybrid which has been usual in producing baby corn was used as control variety. The result showed that the introduced genotypes CM-90 and SPLC6 gave highest number of baby corn with yield of 2.60 ear per plant (equivalent to 3.04; ton/ha) and 2.20 ear per plant (equivalent to 3.04 ton/ha), respectively, while CP1-1 hybrid only produced 1.80 ear per plant (equivalent to 1.72 ton/ha). Therefore, CM-90 and SPLC6 were found to have higher yield of marketable baby corn than the control variety. Considering days to harvest of baby corn, CM-90 (56.05 dap)was found earlier than SPLC6 (61.60 dap).

Karakterisasi dan Respon Pemangkasan Tunas Air terhadap Produksi serta Kualitas Buah Genotipe Tomat Lokal Rima Margareta R. Gumelar; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Siti Marwiyah; Anggi Nindita
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTThis research was aimed to obtain information on the performance of the five local tomato genotypes and to study the effect of side shoot pruning on the production and fruit quality. The research was started from January to May 2014 in Leuwikopo Teaching Farm and Post Harvest Laboratory IPB using Randomize Complete Block Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was genotype consisting of five different genotypes i.e Aceh 5, Kudamati 1, Lombok 1, Makassar 3, and Situbondo GL. The second factor was side shoot prunning consisting of two different treatments i.e without side shoot pruning and side shoot pruning. Kudamati 1 has high yield potential, Situbondo GL has earlier flowering and harvesting and also resistant to wilt disease. Lombok 1 has good fruit quality. Plants without side shoot pruning treatment has high yield potential, and has medium-susceptible resistance to wilt disease. Leaf type, attitude of leaflets in relation to main axis, fruit shape fruit cross-sectional, end of the shaft depression, fruit-tip shape, predominant number of locules, and green shoulder indicating diversity.Keyword: tomato, pruning, yield, fruit quality ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi keragaan lima genotipe tomat lokal dan mempelajari pengaruh pemangkasan tunas air terhadap produksi dan kualitas buah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Mei 2014 menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan yang dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo dan Laboratorium Pasca Panen IPB. Faktor pertama adalah genotipe yang terdiri atas 5 taraf yaitu Aceh 5, Kudamati 1, Lombok 1, Makasar 3, dan Situbondo GL. Faktor kedua adalah pemangkasan tunas air yang terdiri atas dua taraf yaitu tidak dipangkas dan dipangkas. Kudamati 1 memiliki potensi hasil tinggi, Situbondo GL memiliki umur berbunga lebih awal, umur panen lebih awal (genjah) dan tahan terhadap penyakit layu. Lombok 1 memiliki kualitas buah yang baik. Tanaman dengan perlakuan tanpa pemangkasan tunas air memiliki potensi hasil lebih tinggi dan memiliki ketahanan medium rentan terhadap penyakit layu. Tipe daun, letak anak daun terhadap tulang daun utama, bentuk buah, irisan melintang buah, ujung tangkai, bentuk ujung buah, jumlah rongga buah, dan buah hijau menunjukkan keragaman.Kata kunci: tomat, pemangkasan,hasil, kualitas buah satu batang

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Vigor untuk Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) Menggunakan Analisis Setengah Dialel Luluk Prihastuti Ekowahyuni; M. Syukur; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; M. R. Suhartanto
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to estimate the narrow sense heritability (h2ns), broad sense heritability (h2bs), heterosis, and heterobioltiosis, coefficient of genetic variances, coefficient of phenotypic variances, additive and dominant variances. Pepper population used in this study consisted of IPB C2, IPB C9, IPB C10, IPB C15 and half diallel hybrid. To estimate the effect of reciprocal IPB C10 x IPB C2 hybrid was used. Accelerated aging method was used to test the vigor using methanol 20% in five periods of time 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. Observations consisted of: (1) germination rate, (2) the length of radicle, (3) the length of hypocotile, (4) dry weight of normal seedlings, (5) speed of growth, (6) electrical conductivity and (7) moisture content. Genetic parameters were estimated using affinity analysis. Reciprocal effect indicated that there was no maternal effect. Parents with high combining ability was IPB C15 and that with high specific combining ability was IPB C2 x IPB C5 and gave positive heterosis.Key words: pepper, genetic coefficient, heterosis, seed vigor, specific combining ability ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menduga nilai parameter genetik untuk viabilitas dan vigor benih cabai menggunakan metode persilangan setengah dialel untuk mendapatkan informasi nilaiheritabilitas, heterosis, koefisien keragaman genetik, varians aditif dan dominan, sehingga diharapkan dapat mendukung keberhasilan program pemuliaan yang mengkombinasikan karakter tanaman dengan viabilitas dan vigor benih yang baik. Empat genotipe tetua cabai yang digunakan adalah IPB C2, IPB C9, IPB C10, IPB C15, dan enam genotipe cabai hasil persilangan antar tetua adalah IPB C2 x IPB C9, IPB C2 x IPB C10, IPB C2 x IPB C15, IPB C9 x IPB C10, IPB C9 x IPB C15, IPB C10 x IPB C15. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT). Pengamatan untuk pengujian vigor dan viabilitas dilakukan pada genotipe tetua dan persilangan dengan tolok ukur yaitu (1) daya berkecambah (2) panjang akar, (3) panjang hipokotil, (4) bobot kering kecambah (5) kadar air benih, (6) kecepatan tumbuh (Kct), dan (7) daya hantar listrik (DHL). Pengujian vigor daya simpan benih cabai pada genotipe tetua dan persilangan menggunakan metode pengusangan cepat methanol 20%. Setelah pengujian vigor daya simpan benih dilakukan analisis varian dan analisis regressi dan analisis statistik biometrik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa genotipe cabai IPB C15 mempunyai nilai daya gabung umum yang tinggi untuk vigor daya simpan benih sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai tetua untuk perakitan varietas F1 hibrida vigor daya simpan benih tinggi. Kombinasi persilangan tetua IPB C2 x IPB C15 menghasilkan benih yang memiliki vigor daya simpan benih tinggi.Kata kunci : cabai, daya gabung khusus, heterosis, koefisien genetik, vigor benih

PEMBANGUNAN PERDESAAN BERKELANJUTAN MELALUI MODEL PENGEMBANGAN AGROPOLITAN Sugimin Pranoto; Syamsul Ma'arif; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Hermanto Siregar
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 3 No. 1 (2006): Vol. 3 No. 1 Maret 2006
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

The development implemented throughoutall this time still reveals an unbalanced development between the urban andrural area. This has occured due to the development policy that is lessfavorable toward the development of rural areas causing various problems of imbalances (inequalities) ofwelfares among the regions. In addition, the failures of development in therural areas have caused backwash effect, and the domination of capital marketand welfares have been mostly possesed by the urban dwellers. The conditionof rural communities have become moredeteriorated, poorer, and the level of unemployment becoming higher. Thedevelopment of agropolitan (agro-based area development) is expected to providepositive impact in the effort to empowering the rural community, reducingpoverty, and supporting rural economic activities that are environmentallyoriented. This study aims to develop a sustainable rural policy through theagropolitan development model, based on regional analysis, insitutional analysis(ISM), and dynamic system. The agropolitan development is relatively able toimprove the income per capita of the rural population. Dynamic system analysisshowed that the agropolitan model follows the basic pattern of Archetype Limitto Success, with production growth as a leverage factor of the dynamic model.Thus, the policy orientation to improve people's welfare is a policy that ableto improve the quantity and quality of products in a sustainable manner. Theresult of analysis of institutional aspect showed key factors that supportsuccessful agropolitan development which are skilled human resources, businesspartnership and marketing, and the performance of institutions that provideinput. The major constraints faced are small size land ownership and productiveagriculture land conversion, extension services agencies that are not yeteffective, low quality of human resources, business behavior change not easy,and low support of capital institution.

Residential solid waste is being a critical problem in many cities in clauding Jakarta. Cummnity-based management is the most important strategy even when sophiticated treatment such as bio-energy or waste industrial park word be implemented soon, as every waste processing neds separated wastes. Increasing the participation through community-based manajement is more effective than cange people’sperception and behavior on domestic wastes. In some cates, to change community behavior in waste se Nonon Saribanon; Endriatmo Soetarto; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; E. Gumbira Sa’id; Sumardjo .
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 2 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Residential solid waste is being a critical problem in many cities in clauding Jakarta. Cummnity-based management is the most important strategy even when sophiticated treatment such as bio-energy or waste industrial park word be implemented soon, as every waste processing neds separated wastes. Increasing the participation through community-based manajement is more effective than cange people’sperception and behavior on domestic wastes. In some cates, to change community behavior in waste separition and recycling need more than ten years i.e. at Kampung Banjarsari, but with appropriate support system on sosial planning only took two years i.e. Kampung Rajawati. The implementation constrain of this progammeis on replication or expandability of the progamme to implemented in another place. There are also lack of government’s significantefforts to push and to supprots than action. It’s true that some cummunities develop the some model, but without acceleration and exvandable progamme, the significance of that effort is very poor. This study tried to ellaborate the model of system based ofnspatial analyses to determine resedential typology and found five resedential types i.e. high, middle-high, middle, middle-lower and lower level of resendential. Quantitative analyses to determine typology of community participation found four types of cummnity participation i.e. moral-normative, moral-remunerayive, calculative-remuneraive and calculative-coercive. Qualitative analyses had been ellaborated to determine authority or government policies typology. Breaking down from these clssification, there strategies could develop, namely community participation strategy, infastructure development strategy and institutional manajement strategy. Implementation of these models could accomodate the heterogeneity of communities and give positive impact on social acceptability. Key words: social planning, community management, residential solid wastes

Transmigration program has been done for many years. However, many transmigration sites are identified as underdeveloped, especially in upland farm transmigration site laboured with food crops. The main constraint for such development relates with the limit of upland resource in supporting plant growth. The upland resources is generally marginal in physical properties (undulating, wavy and hilly topography); the poor quality in land clearing which cause removal upper layer and loss of organic ma Benar Darius Ginting; Muhammad Syamsul Maarif; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Hermanto Siregar
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Transmigration program has been done for many years. However, many transmigration sites are identified as underdeveloped, especially in upland farm transmigration site laboured with food crops. The main constraint for such development relates with the limit of upland resource in supporting plant growth. The upland resources is generally marginal in physical properties (undulating, wavy and hilly topography); the poor quality in land clearing which cause removal upper layer and loss of organic matter; relatively high rainfall intensity which causes the high erosivity. Such degradation has caused accumulation of problem for farmer. This research in erosion is done in order to know the strategy needed to be done. This research is done in Rantau Pandan SP 1 as case study. Several methods have been applied to determine 1) the amount of erosions 2) the permissible erosion, 3) the spatial pattern of erosion,and 4) the soil conservation action. Key words: upland farming system, erosion, conservation

The change of environmental problem is very complex. The highest population growth caused supply of land and natural resources to be increased. If it does not control, it can influence natural resources stock and disturbs environmental balance system land use control is part of Bogor land use planning. The objectives of this research were (1) to analyze the dynamics of land use and population in the period of 1972-2005 in Bogor Municipality, (2) to develop dynamics model and analyze the relat Yadi Suryadi; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Bunasor Sanim; Ernan Rustiadi; Soekmana Soma
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 4 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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The change of environmental problem is very complex. The highest population growth caused supply of land and natural resources to be increased. If it does not control, it can influence natural resources stock and disturbs environmental balance system land use control is part of Bogor land use planning. The objectives of this research were (1) to analyze the dynamics of land use and population in the period of 1972-2005 in Bogor Municipality, (2) to develop dynamics model and analyze the relation between the instrument of land use control and the factors related to the sustaina tozbility of Bogor Municipality, and (3) to analyze stakeholders’ roles benefited to space control system in Bogor Municipality. The methods used for this research were (1) GIS analysis to observe the alteration influence landcover in period 1972-2005, (2) dynamic system analysis for landcover using in Bogor Municipality, and (3) AHP analysis to observe stakeholders’ role controlling use of landcover in Bogor Municipality. This research indicate that the dynamic of landcover such as forestry, mixed plantation, and open area (1972, 1983 and 1990) before to be extended were larger than after. For the landcover change such as resettlement, bush, water and wetland showed that were larger than before extended (2000 and 2005). The population dynamic analysis showed the optimum increasing on 1985-2020 (22,38%) but was not followed by good landcover use planning as indicated by forestry depletion from 25% to 2%, depletion of mixed plantation from 42% to 36%, resettlement need increased from 12% to 43%, and declining open area from 17% to 2%. These showed that Bogor developments were unsustainable. The dynamic analysis showed the correlation between the environmental component and land use control. Land use control to achieve Bogor sustainable development need many aspect such as land area, population number waste number, vehicle number, the length of roads and the role of stakeholder on land use control system in Bogor municipality though license mechanism and control. The government can influence land use control at level of controlling and level of licensing. For the government input as the authority that gives the permission of land using need to be consistent on the regulation they made. Key words: the dynamic, land use model, and controlling

SUBAK SEBAGAI BENTENG KONSERVASI PERADABAN BALI I Made Geria; Sumardjo; Surjono H. Sutjahjo; Widiatmaka; Rachman Kurniawan
AMERTA Vol. 37 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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Abstract. Subak as Bali Civilization Fortress. The degradation of nature has potential to weaken the harmony between humans and their environment in a number of subak. Subak culture is only effective at the level of the superstructure, but the level of implementation is that subak have begun to be degraded due to land conversion, transfer of professions, poor economies, and young people who do not want to continue subak tradition. The purpose of this research is to see the existence of subak civilization then creates the policy strategy to develop Subak’s role as an ecological civilization tourism destination. The effectiveness method was used to see the existence of subak and AWOT Method as subak developing strategy to an ecoculture-tourism. Based on the results of effectiveness analysis and AWOT, it shows that subak culture as Bali civilization at the superstructure level is still exists and strong. However, at implementation level, there had been a weakening especially in urban areas. The implementation and preservation of the Sarbagita community based on the three components study was quite effective even for the superstructure component into a very effective category with an effectiveness value of 83.84%. So the components of the superstructure need to be maintained as a fortress of civilization in Sarbagita. However, the components of the social structure and infrastructure had quite low values, which are 59.55 percent and 50.32 percent respectively, which was included in the effective category but located in critical value. So it needs to improve level of social structure and infrastructure so that the three components of the subak civilization run effectively. Keywords: AWOT, subak civilization, effectiveness Abstrak. Degradasi alam berpotensi melemahkan harmonisasi antara manusia dan lingkungannya di sejumlah subak. Budaya subak hanya efektif pada tingkat suprastruktur, tetapi dalam implementasinya subak telah mulai terdegradasi karena konversi lahan, pengalihan profesi, ekonomi miskin, dan kaum muda yang tidak ingin melanjutkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat keberadaan peradaban subak, kemudian strategi kebijakan dalam mengembangkan peran subak sebagai tujuan wisata peradaban ekologis. Metode efektivitas digunakan untuk melihat keberadaan subak dan metode AWOT sebagai strategi pengembangan subak untuk wisata peradaban ekologi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis efektifitas dan AWOT menunjukkan bahwa budaya subak sebagai peradaban Bali di tingkat suprastruktur masih ada dan kuat. Namun, pada level implementasi telah terjadi pelemahan, terutama di daerah perkotaan. Pelaksanaan dan pelestarian masyarakat Sarbagita berdasarkan tiga komponen (sebutkan komponennya) yang diteliti efektif bahkan untuk komponen superstruktur masuk kedalam kategori sangat efektif dengan nilai efektivitas sebesar 83.84%. Sehingga komponen superstruktur perlu dipertahankan sebagai benteng peradaban di Sarbagita. Namun untuk komponen struktur sosial dan infrastruktur mempunyai nilai cukup rendah yaitu berturut-turut 59.55 persen dan 50.32 persen yang termasuk dalam kategori efektif tetapi berada pada titik kritis. Sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan pada tataran struktur sosial dan infrastruktur agar ketiga komponen peradaban subak berjalan efektif. Kata Kunci: AWOT, peradaban subak, efektivitas

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