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All Journal Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Journal of Dedicators Community PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Journal of Islamic Law Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia AL WASATH Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan Jurnal De Lege Ferenda Trisakti JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies)
Muhtar Said, Muhtar
Komisi Informasi Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Satjipto Rahardjo Institute
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Between Revelation and Constitution: The Sovereignty Fiqh of Muhammad Yamin’s Sociopolitical Ijtihād Said, Muhtar; Fadli, Moh.; Widiarto, Aan Eko; Al-Uyun, Dhia
Journal of Islamic Law Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v6i2.4220

Abstract

The crucial aspect of studying Indonesian constitutional law that is often overlooked is the dialectic between revelation (religion) and the constitution (state). This interplay significantly influences the foundational thinking of the nation’s architects and shapes constitutional law, as well as critical perspectives on colonialism. This study aims to examine the political-legal thought of Muhammad Yamin by revealing how the interaction between revelation and constitution shaped his ideas regarding the basis and sovereignty of the Indonesian state. Utilizing a textual analysis of historical documents, this research situates Yamin’s thought within the broader context of constitutional formulation as part of an intellectual resistance against colonial hegemony. The findings reveal that Yamin’s concept of sovereignty fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), which is grounded in the Islamic principle of shūrā (deliberation), represents a sociopolitical ijtihād (independent reasoning) that systematically critiques the Netherlands-Indonesia Union. Furthermore, it clearly articulates his idea of a “pembanding” or comparator, a conceptual precursor to judicial review. Theoretically, this study expands the scope of sociopolitical fiqh within contemporary constitutional discourse. [Aspek krusial dalam kajian hukum ketatanegaraan Indonesia yang sering diabaikan adalah dialektika antara wahyu (agama) dan konstitusi (negara). Interaksi ini memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap dasar pemikiran para perumus bangsa dalam membentuk hukum konstitusi, serta memberikan perspektif kritis terhadap kolonialisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemikiran politik-hukum Muhammad Yamin dengan mengungkap bagaimana interaksi antara wahyu dan konstitusi mengonstruksi gagasannya mengenai dasar dan kedaulatan negara Indonesia. Melalui analisis tekstual terhadap dokumen-dokumen historis, penelitian ini menempatkan pemikiran Yamin dalam konteks yang lebih luas dari proses perumusan konstitusi sebagai bagian dari perlawanan intelektual terhadap hegemoni kolonial. Temuan ini mengungkap bahwa konsep fikih kedaulatan Yamin, yang berakar pada prinsip syūrā dalam Islam, merupakan suatu ijtihad sosio-politik yang secara sistematis mengkritik Uni Indonesia-Belanda. Selain itu, konsep tersebut secara jelas mengartikulasikan gagasannya tentang “pembanding”, yang merupakan cikal bakal konseptual dari uji materiil (judicial review). Secara teoretis, studi ini memperluas cakupan fikih sosio-politik dalam wacana ketatanegaraan kontemporer.]
Reevaluating the Principle of Legal Fiction: Balancing Legal Certainty and Social Justice Said, Muhtar; Fadli, Moh.; Widiarto, Aan Eko; Al-Uyun, Dhia
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Legal Transformation and Policy Challenges in Indonesia: Navigating Technology
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v10i1.13388

Abstract

The principle of legal fiction is widely recognized for its role in legitimizing laws and ensuring legal certainty. However, while it contributes to the stability and predictability of legal applications, it also has inherent weaknesses that may lead to unjust outcomes, particularly for vulnerable groups who are unaware of the law. In the context of Indonesia’s vast territory, the lack of widespread socialization and public awareness of new legal regulations exacerbates these issues. Consequently, individuals, especially from lower socioeconomic classes, may become inadvertently entangled in legal processes due to their ignorance of applicable laws, leading to potential injustices. The principle of legal fiction, therefore, may inadvertently serve as a tool of oppression, particularly when used to position suspects as defendants without adequate awareness or understanding of their legal rights. This paper argues for a re-evaluation and improvement of the principle to ensure a more just and transparent application. A more nuanced approach is needed, distinguishing between its absolute application in criminal cases and its non-absolute use in regulatory offenses. By refining the concept of legal fiction, we can enhance both its legitimacy and its capacity to uphold justice for all members of society.
Pendampingan dan Pencegahan Pegiat Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah Warga NU Kota Depok Terhadap Pinjaman Online Said, Muhtar
Journal of Dedicators Community Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Jepara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34001/jdc.v9i2.4981

Abstract

Pinjaman Online (Pinjol) bisa diakses dengan mudah dan praktis sehingga memudahkan orang yang ingin memanfaatkan guna mencukupi kebutuhan hidup atau pengembangan usahannya. Namun untuk menggunakan atau memanfaatkan platfom pinjaman Online harus waspada, tidak boleh terlena dengan akses mudah yang ditawarkan karena untuk menggunakan platform pinjaman Online harus mempunyai persiapan dan perhitungan yang matang. Apabila tidak mempunyai persiapan yang matang maka bisa terjebak pada pinjaman Online lainnya. Hal ini yang harus diwaspadai oleh para pegiat Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM), terutama dari warga NU Kota Depok yang sedang giat dalam memajukan ekonominya. Oleh karena itu pengabdian ini diarahkan untuk menciptakan kader yang nantinya bisa menjadi agen bagi UNUSIA dalam melakukan Pendidikan terhadap pegiat UMKM supaya tidak mudah terjebak dalam penggunaan platform pinjaman Online. Dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian ini ditemukan beberapa metode bagi pegiat UMKM Warga NU Kota Depok supaya tidak terjebak pada pinjaman Online yakni memperbanyak litegasi kewirausahaan dan menciptakan kepercayaan terhadap masyarakat sekitar
Between Divinity and Liberty: Rethinking Religious Freedom under Indonesia’s Constitution Giri Wardana, Muhammad Ramadhan; Husnan, Abdul Ghoffar; Said, Muhtar; Makmur, Kartini Laras
Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): VOLUME 5 ISSUE 2, OCTOBER 2025
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Ideologi Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52738/pjk.v5i2.750

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of religious freedom in Indonesia through the lens of constitutionalism, focusing on the interpretive ambiguity between the foundational state principle of Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa (Belief in the One and Only God) and the constitutional guarantee of religious freedom set out in Article 29(2) of the 1945 Constitution. This tension becomes particularly apparent when Article 28E, which affirms individual religious freedom, is curtailed by Article 28J, which allows the state to impose limitations on the public interest. Using a juridical-normative approach, this research investigates how Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa is embedded within Indonesia’s legal framework and how varying constitutional interpretations influence the realisation of religious freedom. The findings reveal that, although the 1945 Constitution formally guarantees religious freedom, its implementation is often obstructed by administrative requirements, such as the mandatory declaration of religion in official identification documents, that fall short of international human rights standards. The study argues that this inconsistency stems from restrictive legal interpretations and the lack of coherent implementation. It calls for a more inclusive and balanced interpretative framework that upholds both constitutional principles and international human rights norms. The study’s key academic contribution lies in elucidating the complex relationship between Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa and religious freedom, offering critical insights into the broader application of human rights within Indonesia’s constitutional order.
Tafsir Hakim Judex Facti dan Judex Juris Terkait Batas Maksimal Upaya Administratif Said, Muhtar; Erfandi, Erfandi
PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum Vol 17 No 1 (2023): PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/progresif.v17i1.4021

Abstract

To administrative effort in the form of an objection, a maximum time of 21 working days is given. However, there are differences in the application of these administrative efforts between judex facti judges and judex juris judges. Judex facti judges through decisions number 21/G/2020/PTUN and 76/B/2021/PT.TUN JKT implementing administrative measures are mandatory, this decision was upheld by judges at the State Administrative High Court. However, the decision was annulled by the judge judex juris (Supreme Court level) through decision number 420 K/TUN/2021. The basis for the judex juris to cancel the judex facti decision is based on the phrase "can" as stated in Article 75 paragraph (1) of Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration. So that administrative efforts through objections or administrative appeals are an option, not mandatory. Administrative efforts are efforts to realize the principles of Pancasila into the settlement of administrative problems, namely in the resolution of administrative problems so that they are first resolved through deliberation and consensus. If consensus deliberation cannot find a point of peace, it can be resolved through the State Administrative Court
Co-Authors Aan Eko Widiarto Al-Uyun, Dhia Ardiansyah, Alfan Rizki DR, Muhammad Rusydi Erfandi Erfandi, Erfandi Fadli, Moh. Giri Wardana, Muhammad Ramadhan Herlambang, Unu Putra Husnan, Abdul Ghoffar Lutfa, Asna Makmur, Kartini Laras Minan, Ahasanul Minan, Ahsanul Muaziz, Muhammad Hasan Muhammad Nurul Huda Nugraha, Sigit Nurhadi Nurliani Nurliani Wardana, Muhammad Ramadhan Giri Yundari, Yundari