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Bank Profitability Level Based on Good Corporate Governance, Macroeconomics, and Specific Banks in Foreign Exchange Banks in Indonesia Hasddin, Hasddin; Mido, Muhammad Sardy Sujadi; Melati, Melati; Misnawati, Misnawati; Rama, Muhammad Irfan; Fadli, Andi Muh Dzul; Nartin, Nartin; Mirad, Mirad; Marjani, Marjani; Dahlifah, Dahlifah; Mais, Rimi Gusliana
Journal of Governance Risk Management Compliance and Sustainability Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): April Volume
Publisher : Center for Risk Management & Sustainability and RSF Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31098/jgrcs.v6i1.3502

Abstract

This study examines how Good Corporate Governance (GCG), macroeconomic conditions, and bank-specific characteristics influence the profitability of foreign exchange banks in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, the research analyzes secondary data from the annual financial statements of foreign exchange banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period 2014–2022. The study investigates the direct effects of GCG on profitability, the influence of macroeconomic factors on bank-specific characteristics and profitability, and the role of bank-specific characteristics in determining profitability. Data were analyzed using partial least squares with a resampling technique to test the significance of relationships. The results show that GCG contributes positively to overall bank financial performance; however, its direct effect on profitability is positive but not statistically significant. Macroeconomic conditions are found to positively affect bank-specific characteristics, while exerting a negative influence on profitability. In contrast, bank-specific characteristics—particularly bank size, total assets, and deposit growth—have a significant and positive impact on profitability. These findings suggest that strengthening governance practices alone is not sufficient to directly increase profitability. Banks also need to improve asset management and expand deposit bases to enhance financial performance. In addition, effective management of macroeconomic risks is essential to reduce their adverse effects on bank profitability. This study provides empirical insights into the interaction between governance, economic conditions, and internal bank factors in Indonesia’s banking sector.
Co-Authors Adiredjo, Afifuddin Latif Afriandi, Afriandi Agustin, Reny Ayu An Najjar M. Thahir Azzahra, Riandita Bugis, Hairudin Dahlifah, Dahlifah Fadli, Andi Muh Dzul Giu, Wa Ode Sitti Hajra Hasddin, Hasddin Indri Hapsari Juwita Khoerunisyah, Atipah Lampasa, Yunitawati Landepasa, Erin Lasitiha, Hasmirawati Injar Maharani Maharani, Maharani Mido, Muhammad Sardy Sujadi Mirad , Mirad Mirad, Mirad Misnawati Misnawati Muchtar, Febriana Mukminati, Sri Murini, Murini Nartin, Nartin Rama, Muhammad Irfan Repelita, Tridays Rimi Gusliana Mais Siti Jariah, Siti Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Wicaksono, Ade Fajar