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The Difference of a Child (Walad) Concept in Islamic Inheritance Law and its Implications on The Decisions of the Religious Courts in Indonesia Furqan, Ana Amalia; Alfitri, Alfitri; Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib Vol 17, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

This article is based on the fact that there is still the disparity of decisions among the Religious Court Judges on heirs, especially a child (walad), when handling the inheritance disputes. This is because there is a general provision of the meaning of walad contained in the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in which it includes both a son and a daughter. In addition, there is no obligation for Religious Court Judges to use the KHI as the basis for legal considerations, allowing for some Religious Court Judges to use the classical Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) as the legal basis in deciding a case. This article aims to investigate the impact of the general concept of walad (a child) and measures should be taken the Government to accommodate the legal reference material for Religious Court Judges, especially the KHI and the classical Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh). It employs normative legal research which primarily examines the decisions of the Religious Courts in East Kalimantan, specifically Samarinda, Tenggarong and Tanah Grogot. The findings reveal that since there is no obligation for the Judges to use the KHI, referring to the classical Islamic Jurisprudence when giving legal considerations and deciding cases of inheritance is not against the procedural law in Indonesia. Yet, this measure potentially creates the disparity of decisions in the Religious Courts since the fiqh differs in determining who the walad is: merely sons or include both sons and daughters. This has frustrated the objective of the KHI as the codification of Islamic Law in Indonesia which unites the differences of opinions in the fiqh and, thus, assures legal certainty in resolving the disputes. Hence, the government should enact the KHI as a Law in Indonesia in order to end the forum of choice for the Judges in basing their decisions so that the disparity of decisions in the Religious Court minimized and legal certainty assured for the justice seekers.Keywords: Islamic inheritance law, walad, fiqh, religious court's decision AbstrakArtikel ini didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa masih ada perbedaan keputusan di antara Hakim Pengadilan Agama tentang ahli waris, terutama anak (walad), ketika menangani sengketa warisan. Ini karena ada ketentuan umum tentang makna walad yang terkandung dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam Indonesia (KHI) di mana itu mencakup anak laki-laki dan perempuan. Selain itu, tidak ada kewajiban bagi Hakim Pengadilan Agama untuk menggunakan KHI sebagai dasar untuk pertimbangan hukum, yang memungkinkan beberapa Hakim Pengadilan Agama untuk menggunakan fiqh sebagai dasar hukum dalam memutuskan suatu kasus. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dampak dari konsep umum walad (anak) dan langkah-langkah yang harus diambil Pemerintah untuk mengakomodasi bahan referensi hukum bagi para Hakim Pengadilan Agama, khususnya KHI dan fiqh. Artikel ini didasari oleh penelitian hukum normatif yang terutama meneliti keputusan Pengadilan Agama di Kalimantan Timur, khususnya Samarinda, Tenggarong dan Tanah Grogot. Temuan ini mengungkapkan bahwa karena tidak ada kewajiban bagi para Hakim untuk menggunakan KHI, merujuk pada Yurisprudensi Islam klasik ketika memberikan pertimbangan hukum dan memutuskan kasus-kasus warisan tidak bertentangan dengan hukum acara di Indonesia. Namun, langkah ini berpotensi menciptakan disparitas keputusan di Pengadilan Agama karena fiqh berbeda dalam menentukan siapa walad: hanya anak laki-laki atau termasuk anak laki-laki dan perempuan. Kondisi ini telah menggagalkan tujuan KHI sebagai kodifikasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia yang menyatukan perbedaan pendapat dalam fiqh dan, dengan demikian, memastikan kepastian hukum dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah harus memberlakukan KHI sebagai UU di Indonesia untuk mengakhiri forum pilihan bagi para Hakim dalam mendasarkan keputusan mereka sehingga perbedaan keputusan di Pengadilan Agama diminimalkan dan kepastian hukum terjamin bagi para pencari keadilan.Kata Kunci: Hukum Kewarisan Islam, Konsep Walad, Fikih, Putusan pengadilan agama

Gagasan Pembaruan dalam Bidang Hukum Kewarisan Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib VOLUME 13, ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2014
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

As a result of intellectual work through istinbat or ijtihad of the scholars in understanding the provisions of paragraph al-Quran and al-Sunnah, Fiqh Mawaris has been stated in detail in the books of fiqh. However, social development and habits that occur and grow in the awareness of the public law, gave birth to the ideas of reform in the field of inheritance law. These ideas need to be studied, so that the message of Mohammad who believed sa>lihun likulli Zama>n wa maka>n be realized. The ideas of this update includes the division of inheritance based faraid is{la<h, the implementation of the grant, the division of inheritance based on consultation and consensus (is} lah), and the division of joint property. Although the ideas of reform in the field of inheritance law is normatively different from the concept of inheritance in the Qur'an and Sunnah, but the concepts deserves to be appreciated and promoted, because realistic and fair.

HUKUM ISLAM: ANTARA TEKS, MORAL, DAN AKAL Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib VOLUME 4, ISSUE 1, JUNE 2007
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/mj.v4i1.510

The development of paradigm of modern scientific has a significant impact on the development of jurisprudence. A case in point is the influence of postmodernism which has led to a thought that law is no longer deemed as merely a social reality; instead, law is also a metaphysical reality. The shift of jurisprudence paradigm from positivism to postmodernism is considered in line with Islamic thoughts on jurisprudence. This is because: first, Islamic jurisprudence requires the combination of mind and heart; second, the shortcoming of bayani, `irfani and burhani epistemology necessitates a par excellence epistemology i.e. their combination; third, religious morality plays an important role in forming a social order.

POLIGAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF ASGHAR ALI ENGINEER DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN KONTEKS INDONESIA Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib VOLUME 4, ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2007
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/mj.v4i2.506

Polygamy has become a polemic among Islamic jurists (fuqahaâ€™) since the classical era of Islamic jurisprudence. The core polemic lies on the issue whether polygamy is permitted, prohibited or permitted with some requirements. This article is to analyze Ashgar Ali Engineerâ€™s opinion on the legal status of polygamy. According to Ashgar, the al-Nisa chapter : 3 concerning aboutÂ polygamous permissibility must be construed in the light of the al-Nisa chapter : 1 which concerns of doing justice to orphans. This understanding then suggest, Asghar further argue, the permissibility of polygamy is contextual in Islam. Thus, it is possible that its implementation in Muslim country is strictly limited as long as the context where Muslims live required so.

The Difference of a Child (Walad) Concept in Islamic Inheritance Law and its Implications on The Decisions of the Religious Courts in Indonesia Furqan, Ana Amalia; Alfitri, Alfitri; Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib VOLUME 17, ISSUE 2, DECEMBER 2018
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

This article is based on the fact that there is still the disparity of decisions among the Religious Court Judges on heirs, especially a child (walad), when handling the inheritance disputes. This is because there is a general provision of the meaning of walad contained in the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in which it includes both a son and a daughter. In addition, there is no obligation for Religious Court Judges to use the KHI as the basis for legal considerations, allowing for some Religious Court Judges to use the classical Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh) as the legal basis in deciding a case. This article aims to investigate the impact of the general concept of walad (a child) and measures should be taken the Government to accommodate the legal reference material for Religious Court Judges, especially the KHI and the classical Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh). It employs normative legal research which primarily examines the decisions of the Religious Courts in East Kalimantan, specifically Samarinda, Tenggarong and Tanah Grogot. The findings reveal that since there is no obligation for the Judges to use the KHI, referring to the classical Islamic Jurisprudence when giving legal considerations and deciding cases of inheritance is not against the procedural law in Indonesia. Yet, this measure potentially creates the disparity of decisions in the Religious Courts since the fiqh differs in determining who the walad is: merely sons or include both sons and daughters. This has frustrated the objective of the KHI as the codification of Islamic Law in Indonesia which unites the differences of opinions in the fiqh and, thus, assures legal certainty in resolving the disputes. Hence, the government should enact the KHI as a Law in Indonesia in order to end the forum of choice for the Judges in basing their decisions so that the disparity of decisions in the Religious Court minimized and legal certainty assured for the justice seekers.Keywords: Islamic inheritance law, walad, fiqh, religious court's decision.

PLURALISME HUKUM KEWARISAN DI INDONESIA Haries, Akhmad
Mazahib VOLUME 11, ISSUE 1, JUNE 2013
Publisher : IAIN Samarinda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/mj.v11i1.115

In Indonesia, there are at least three types of inheritance laws still exist and live in the midst of society, namely: inheritance laws based on Islamic law, customary inheritance law is very pluralistic circumstances, and inheritance laws based on the Book of the Law Civil Law (Civil Code) / BW. Configuration of the various laws that will certainly bring further consequences. Heirs can be faced with (at least) three legal options. Though each of the inheritance law systems have fundamental differences about the causes of inheritance, heirs sequence, and part heir. In the perspective of the law, inheritance law diversity is its own treasure or wealth for the nation of Indonesia, but this would lead to legal pluralism legal uncertainty. If allowed to continue not impossible contradiction inheritance law will be driving the increasingly rampant family tension and conflict. Moreover, at this time increasingly individualized family relationships where people are more concerned with material including inheritance. Without reducing the excess of each legal heir, in the spirit of harmony and the rule of law, there would be time national heritage laws can be used as a legal reference.

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