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All Journal DiH : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Rechtsidee Mimbar Keadilan Perspektif : Kajian Masalah Hukum dan Pembangunan TANJUNGPURA LAW JOURNAL Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Bonum Commune Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Pleno Jure LEGAL BRIEF Akrab Juara : Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Sosial Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance Pemuliaan Hukum Journal Evidence Of Law Yuris: Journal of Court and Justice Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Indonesia of Journal Business Law Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies JIM: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sejarah Jurnal Inovasi Global Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI)
Made Warka, Made
Fakultas Hukum Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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PENERAPAN KLAUSULA FORCE MAJEURE DALAM PERJANJIAN KREDIT DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 Aji, Bondan Seno; Warka, Made; Kongres, Evi
Akrab Juara : Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Sosial Vol. 6 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Yayasan Azam Kemajuan Rantau Anak Bengkalis

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Abstract

Dengan metode pendekatan-pendekatan yang digunakan yakni: Pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach), yakni suatu pendekatan dengan menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai bahan hukum primer. Kemudian Pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), yaitu suatu pendekatan yang beranjak dari pandangan-pandangan dan doktrin-doktrin yang berkembang didalam ilmu hukum. Hasil penelitian adalah pada pokoknya pengaturan POJK Stimulus Dampak COVID-19 dan Kebijakan pemerintah terkait relaksasi pembayaran angsuran kredit ini berlaku kepada debitur selama terbukti terdampak pandemi covid-19. Kredit bermasalah itu bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai macam faktor misalnya ada kesengajaan dari pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam proses kredit, disebabkan oleh faktor lain seperti Pandemi COVID-19. Ada dua metode penyelesaian kredit bermasalah, yaitu: 1. Penyelamatan kredit. bermasalah adalah perundingan kembali antara Bank sebagai kreditur dan Debitur, 2. Penyelesaiakan kredit bermasalah adalah penyelesaian melalui lembaga hukum. dalam hal ini adalah Panitia Piutang Negara PUPN dan Direktorat Jendral Piutang dan Lelang Negara DJPLN, Lembaga Peradilan dan melalui arbitrase atau badan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa.
Ratio Legis Pengaturan Rehabilitasi Warga Binaan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Instrumen Pengurangan Residivisme Tindak Pidana Narkotika Musahib, Abd Razak; Warka, Made; Mangunsong , Frans Si
Jurnal Inovasi Global Vol. 3 No. 10 (2025): Jurnal Inovasi Global
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jig.v3i10.417

Abstract

The ratio legis of rehabilitation regulation in Indonesian positive law reflects a shift in the criminal paradigm from a repressive system to a restorative and rehabilitative approach. This study is important to test the suitability of legal objectives (rechtsidee) with the implementation of applicable norms, as well as assess the extent to which rehabilitation arrangements can function as a legal instrument in reducing recidivism rates in narcotics offenders. Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics and Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections have regulated rehabilitation for perpetrators of narcotics crimes. However, implementation in the field faces obstacles such as limited facilities, human resources, and post-rehabilitation monitoring mechanisms. Permenkumham No. 12 of 2017 concerning the Implementation of Medical and Social Rehabilitation for Prisoners and Prisoners of Narcotics Abusers Medical Rehabilitation is intended for narcotics addicts who are still experiencing physical dependence and need medical treatment. Rehabilitation arrangements in correctional institutions (Lapas) are based on several national regulations that regulate how inmates, especially those involved in narcotics cases, receive coaching and recovery so that they do not return to commit similar crimes (recidivism). Rehabilitation as an instrument of recidivism reduction has a strong rational basis, because an effective rehabilitation program is able to improve behavior, strengthen self-control, and equip inmates with life skills. Thus, they have a greater chance of living a productive life after being free and not falling back into narcotics abuse. However, the implementation of rehabilitation in prisons still faces a number of challenges, such as limited facilities, professional personnel, and the lack of follow-up programs (aftercare) after the prisoners are released. This hinders the effectiveness of rehabilitation in reducing recidivism.
Transfer of Gogol Turnover Land to Freehold Land in Tuban Regency Kholik, Kholik; Warka, Made
LEGAL BRIEF Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): June: Law Science and Field
Publisher : IHSA Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/legal.v13i2.1006

Abstract

 In terms of land ownership, the conception of national land law states that land throughout Indonesia belongs to the Indonesian nation, which is also a symbol of unity for the integrity of the nation and state, therefore it cannot be bought and sold or traded, and must not be used as an object of control that causes disintegration of the nation. One of the former Indonesian land rights (customary land) that was converted into property rights is the gogolan rights. Apart from being able to be converted into ownership rights, these gogolan rights can also be converted into use rights according to the type of right that applies. Gogol land has still been assigned land status and its rights holders based on a Joint Decree (SK) of the Minister of Home Affairs and the Minister of Agrarian Affairs converted into freehold land, while Gogol land in rotation has not had a decree issued and to date has not been regulated. The research results show that land rights that existed before the enactment of the UUPA were changed to land rights stipulated in the UUPA so that now there is only one type of land ownership right. Then the transition to the UUPA was to provide legal certainty regarding land rights for the people as a whole, through land registration institutions and statutory regulations as the legal basis for its implementation. The conversion of permanent gogolan, pekulen or sanggan rights into property rights as intended in Article VII paragraph (1) of the Conversion Provisions of the Basic Agrarian Law is carried out by means of a decision letter confirming the Head of the Agrarian Inspection concerned
KEWENANGAN KURATOR DALAM PEMBERESAN BOEDEL PAILIT DEBITUR YANG MASIH DALAM SENGKETA Rokhma, Fadila Ilaina; Warka, Made
Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance
Publisher : Gapenas Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53363/bureau.v3i3.363

Abstract

This research investigates the role and authority of curators in handling disputes related to the settlement of debtors' bankruptcy cases, with a focus on the impact of unclear time limits in the bankruptcy context. The analysis involves exploring the bankruptcy criteria, the authority of the curator, and the challenges arising from disputes in the resolution process. In addition, this research discusses the impact of unclear time limits on efficiency, fairness, reputation and trust in the bankruptcy legal system. The findings show that the role of the curator has crucial relevance in maintaining a balance of interests and ensuring a fair settlement. However, unclear time limits can cause extra stress on courts, slow down the process and impact stakeholder confidence. Suggestions involve setting clear time limits, adjustments based on case complexity, and increasing the openness of the legal system. This research provides in-depth insight into the complexities of bankruptcy, the role of the curator, and the impact of uncertainty over timing. Implementation of these suggestions is expected to improve the integrity and effectiveness of the bankruptcy legal system
Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Hak Atas Tanah Lewat Batas Menurut Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria di Indonesia Oktavia Wardah, Elok; Warka, Made
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

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Abstract

Perlindungan terhadap pemegang hakl atas tanahl di luar batas tanah menurutl Undang-Undangl Pokok Agrarial di Indonesia merupakan aspek penting dalaml sistem hukuml agraria. lUndang-Undang Pokokl Agraria berfungsi sebagail landasan utama dalam mengatur hak atasl tanah dan memberikanl perlindungan hukum kepadal pemegang hakl atas ltanah. Pemegang hak atasl tanah mempunyai hak-hak yangl diakui dan dilindungi undang-undang, antara lain hak lmilik, hak lpakai, hak gunal usaha, danl hak sewa. Namun dalam praktiknya, pemegang hak atas tanah seringkali menghadapi berbagai tantangan dan permasalahan yang dapat mengancam keberlangsungan haknya. Adanya hubungan hukum antara hak dan kewajiban dalam pendaftaran tanah menimbulkan akibat hukum mengenai keabsahan hasil pendaftaran tanah. Implikasi dari sahnya sertipikat tanah hasil pendaftaran tanah hendaknya mempunyai akuntabilitas hukum terhadap pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dan masyarakat. Penyelenggaraan sisteml pendaftaran tanahl di Indonesial belum mampul menciptakan kepastianl hak dan ketertiban administrasil pertanahan, terutama disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemanfaatan teknologi maju yang memadai oleh Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN). Penerapan teknologi ini masih sebatas teori dan regulasi, serta belum mencapai tingkat implementasi di lapangan. Secara teori, pemerintah harus memprioritaskanl kegiatan kedeputian lsurvei, pengukuran, danl pemetaan untukl membuat petal dasar berskala besarl dan petal digital bidang tanahl serta peta tematikl lainnya denganl database yang memadail sesuai denganl perkembangan teknologi dan hukuml di zaman modern. Hal inil akan menghasilkan produksi peta yang hemat biaya danl efisien yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh lembaga lain untuk mendukung kinerja yang akurat dalam menyediakan dan mengelola data yangl diperlukan. Dalaml penelitian inil akan digunakanl perpaduan antara penelitian hukum normatif dan tinjauan pustaka untuk membahas secara mendalam mengenai perlindungan hukum bagil pemegang hakl atas tanahl di luar batas menurut lUndang-Undang Pokok Agraria. Penelitian hukum normatif akan digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menafsirkan ketentuan-ketentuan lUndang-Undang Pokokl Agraria, sertal peraturan-peraturan dan asas-asas hukum terkait. Pendekatan ini melibatkan penelaahan kerangka hukum dan prinsip-prinsip yang mengatur perlindungan hak atasl tanah dil luar batas menurut lUndang- Undang Pokokl Agraria. Metode kajian literatur akan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan sumber-sumber sekunder seperti buku, artikel, dan dokumen resmi terkait permasalahan hukum perlindungan hak atas tanah di luar batas. Sumber-sumber ini memberikan wawasan dan pendapat dari para ahli dan cendekiawan hukum mengenai masalah ini. Analisis terhadap bahan hukum yang terkumpul melalui penelitian hukum normatif dan tinjauan pustaka akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan penalaran deduktif. Hal ini melibatkan analisis dan interpretasi sistematis terhadap ketentuan, prinsip, dan konsep hukum yang relevan mengenai perlindungan hakl atas tanahl di luar batas menurutl Undang-Undangl Pokok Agraria.
Ratio Legis Sistem Peradilan Anak Terhadap Pengulangan Tindak Pidana Dalam Pemberian Diversi Bachtiar, Mochamad Anam; Warka, Made; Sjaifurrachman, Sjaifurrachman
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v4i1.8630

Abstract

Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 65 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Diversi Dan Penanganan Anak yang Belum Berumur 12 (Dua Belas) Tahun menyatakan bahwa “Setiap Penyidik, Penuntut Umum, dan Hakim dalam memeriksa Anak wajib mengupayakan Diversi”. Namun berdasarkan pada konsep retoratif justice dalam hal anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum maka hukuan penjara bukanlah jalan yang terbaik bagi anak dan bagi anak yang pernah melakukan pengulangan tindak pidana baik yang sejenis maupun yang tidak. Dan mengacu pada rumusan kewenangan diskresi kepolisian merupakan kewenangan yang bersumber dari asas kewajiban umum kepolisian (plichtmatigheids beginsel), Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia berwenang untuk mengadakan tindakan lain menurut hukum yang bertanggung jawab” yakni melakukan diskresi kepolisian. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis nomatif (legal research) menggunakan dua pendekatan yaitu Statute Approach dan Konseptual Approach yang menghasilkan bahwa Ratio legis dari diversi pada sistem peradilan anak yang melakukan pengulangan tindak pidana setidaknya mengacu pada Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 bahwa Diversi diimplementasikan berdasarkan landasan restorative justice yang sangat memperhatikan hak-hak anak, untuk meminalisasi stigma, kekerasan, penghinaan, dan memisahkan ikatan social juga akan dapat mengurangi risiko pengulangan (residivis), dan membantu mengintegrasikan pelaku.
UPAYA HUKUM DALAM TRANSAKSI MYSTERY BOX PADA MARKETPLACE UNTUK PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN Haqi, Dandy Agam; Warka, Made
Pemuliaan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Pemuliaan Hukum (April)
Publisher : Law Study Program, Faculty of Law, Nusantara Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30999/ph.v6i1.2810

Abstract

Sebanyak 74% masyarakat Indonesia menggunakan internet. Dengan alasan utama yakni untuk mengakses aplikasi marketplace untuk belanja online. Terdapat sisi negatif dalam bertransaksi secara online yakni maraknya kasus penipuan. Muncul ide baru mengenai strategi permasaran yakni mystery box.  mystery box ialah kotak yang kita tidak tau isinya yang dijual secara random oleh penjual. Setelah konsumen melakukan pembayaran untuk transaksi membeli mystery box maka dengan alasan apapun pembeli tidak boleh mengembalikannya. Dapat dikatakan bahwa nilai tukar tidak sesuai dengan kualitas produknya sehingga bertentangan dengan Pasal 4 UUPK yang menjelaskan bahwa konsumen berhak untuk mendapatkan produk yang dibeli sesuai dengan nilai tukar yang dijanjikan. Selanjutnya terdapat fenomena lain seperti adanya penggunaan klausa baku dari penjual dengan membuat peraturan bahwa barang siapa yang membeli mystery box maka tidak dapat dikembalikan meskipun konsumen merasa tidak puas. Pada Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata kedua pihak harus melakukan perjanjian dengan sebab yang halal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif. Sumber penelitian bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada tiga, yaitu bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pembahasan maka penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa perjanjian tersebut tidak memenuhi syarat subjektif maupun objektif yang merupakan syarat sah suatu perjanjian. 
Konsep Pengaturan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT) Berdasarkan Prinsip Keadilan Proporsional Triasmono, Hari; Warka, Made; Setyaji, Sri; Hufron, Hufron
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Legal Standing
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v9i4.11880

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the regulation of Fixed-Term Employment Agreements (PKWT) based on the principle of proportional justice in the Indonesian labor law system. This principle emphasizes the importance of a balance between the rights of employers to business flexibility and the rights of workers to protection and job security. This study uses a normative legal method with a statutory, conceptual, philosophical, historical approach, as well as a case and comparative approach. The primary legal materials analyzed include the Employment Law, the Job Creation Law, and the Constitutional Court Decision Number 168/PUU-XXI/2023. The results of the study show that changes to the regulation of PKWT through the Job Creation Law, especially the elimination of the maximum duration limit for extension, have created legal uncertainty for workers and opened up opportunities for abuse by employers. PKWT that is not strictly limited has the potential to harm workers, especially in terms of compensation and social security rights. Current regulations tend to favor employer flexibility, so there needs to be a rearrangement that prioritizes the principle of proportional justice. This justice must be reflected in the limitation of the use of PKWT for work that is truly temporary, the provision of adequate compensation, and strict supervision by the state. Theoretically, this finding confirms that employment law must be based on social justice that places humans at the center of policy, not merely objects of the labor market.
Bentuk Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Indonesia yang Dirugikan Akibat Pembelian Produk Palsu dari Pelaku Usaha Luar Negeri Melalui E-Commers Firdasari, Yessa; Warka, Made
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 4, No 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17922316

Abstract

The expansion of electronic commerce has greatly facilitated access for Indonesian consumers to purchase goods offered by foreign business actors. However, this convenience also contributes to the rising circulation of counterfeit items, particularly in the fashion sector, which can result in both material and non-material losses for consumers. This research examines the legal responsibility of foreign sellers and evaluates the effectiveness of consumer protection mechanisms provided under the Consumer Protection Act, the Electronic Information and Transactions Act, and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2019 on Electronic Commerce. Using a normative juridical approach, the study reveals that although these regulations establish a legal foundation for consumers to claim compensation, their implementation remains constrained by several challenges, including difficulties in pursuing foreign businesses, limited jurisdiction, obstacles in proving counterfeit goods, and inadequate oversight by e-commerce platforms. The findings indicate that preventive and repressive legal protections have not yet operated optimally in cross-border online transactions. Strengthening marketplace supervision, requiring foreign business actors to appoint local representatives, enhancing international cooperation, and improving consumer awareness are essential measures to mitigate losses arising from counterfeit products.
Reconstructing Curator Liability for Creditor Losses in Indonesian Bankruptcy Law Made Warka; Indra Triantoro; Krinasi Nasution
YURIS: Journal of Court and Justice [IN PRESS] Vol. 5 Issue 3 (2026)
Publisher : jfpublisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56943/jcj.v5i3.1034

Abstract

Article 72 of Indonesian Bankruptcy Law obliges a curator to compensate losses arising from fault or negligence in managing and settling bankrupt assets, yet the provision does not define how fault should be measured, how causation should be proven, or what defense a curator may raise, which leaves both creditors and curators exposed to inconsistent outcomes. Prior studies on curator accountability have examined this problem mainly through procedural or criminal law lenses, leaving the underlying structure of Article 72 itself largely unexamined. This study addresses that gap by reconstructing Article 72 through the theory of the purpose of law and the theory of responsibility. Using normative legal research, the study applies the statutory, conceptual, philosophical, and comparative approaches, drawing on Indonesian bankruptcy law, comparative insolvency practice in selected jurisdictions, and relevant legal theory. The findings show that Article 72 correctly adopts liability based on fault but lacks the normative detail needed to apply that principle consistently, including graduated standards of fault, defined causation, and a good faith defense. Comparative practice in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany confirms that fault-based liability, refined through professional oversight, remains the dominant model. The study concludes that reconstruction should refine rather than replace the fault-based principle, strengthening proportionality, legal certainty, and balanced protection between creditors and curators within Indonesia's bankruptcy system.
Co-Authors Adam, Abraham Amda Adam, Harmawan Hatta Adiyatma Putra Aji, Bondan Seno Ario Rizky Renandha F. Kadir Asad Awaluddin, Muhammad Bachtiar, Mochamad Anam Budiarsih Budiarsih Budiarsih, Budiarsih Bukit, Jonneri Dariati Dariati Dariati Dariati, Dariati Emy Rosnawati Erny Herlin Setyorini, Erny Herlin Evi Kongres Fachry Abda El Rahman Firdasari, Yessa Handoko, Muchamad Haqi, Dandy Agam Hariyanto, Erie Hufron Hufron, Hufron Indra Triantoro Kartikasari, Erny Krinasi Nasution Krisnadi Nasution Krisnadi Nasution Mangunsong , Frans Si Masrofin, Muhammad Moch Rizal Aditya Premono Moh. Zeinudin Musahib, Abd Razak Muzayin, Achmad ` Nora Idiawati Nugroho, Wedianto Adi Oktavia Wardah, Elok Otto Yudianto Pambudhy*, Rizki Agung R. Aj Dwi Sukmaningru Hayati Raja Sirait Rokhma, Fadila Ilaina Saputra, Rizki Agung Setyaji, Sri Shelia Ristiana Agustin Sjaifurrachman Sjaifurrachman Sudarti Sudarti Sunariyah, Siti Suradiyanto Suradiyanto Triasmono, Hari Ufuk Yoko Wibowo Uus, Uus Wiguna, Nicholas Patrick Yuliarto, Ramdhanul