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Evaluasi terhadap Stimulan Ethephon dalam Penyadapan Pinus merkusii (Evaluation on Ethephon Stimulant to Pinus merkusii Tapping) Lukmandaru, Ganis; Sunarta, Sigit; Listyanto, Tomy; Kasmudjo, Kasmudjo; Pujiarti, Rini; Widyorini, Ragil
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 16, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (38.454 KB)

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of Ethephon, an ethylene releasing compound, in a combination with sulfuric acid resin production Pinus merkusii. The tested stimulants were ETRAT; SR4; 20% sulfuric acid; 20% sulfuric acid - Ethephon 2%; 3.3% sulfuric acid – 4.1% Ethephon; and sulfuric acid – 8.3% Ethephon. Trees without stimulant spraying were the controls. The results showed that for daily production, the first-day observation gave the highest value but decreased drastically after second-day observation in a varied degree depent on the stimulants. On the basis of accumulated production, the addition of Ethephon in a high or low level of sulfuric acid concentration exhibited significantly higher resin production compared to that of ETRAT; SR4; and 20% sulfuric acid stimulants as well as control trees. It increased resin production by 98.0-150.6% compared to control trees in class age of VII and increased by 140.9-227.1% in class age of IV stands. Moderate significant correlations (r=0.65) were observed between the values of resin production and tree diameter (controls) as well as between the values of resin production and tree diameter of trees treated by sulfuric acid stimulants (r=0.65-0.82).Keywords : class age, ethylene, quarre, resin production, tree diameter

Chemical Compounds, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of A. cardamomum Leaves and Rhizomes Oils on Different Distillation Time Rini Pujiarti; Aisyah Kusumadewi
Wood Research Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2020): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2020.11.1.35-40

Amomum cardamomum is a local cardamom that grows widely and recently developed as and agroforestry crops in Indonesia. Its seeds, leaves and rhizomes are sources of essential oil. Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits for health and flavouring agent. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the yield, chemical composisition, physico-chemical properties, and antioxidant activities of leaves and rhizomes oils of cardamom were distillated using water-steam distillation for 4, 6, and 8 hours. The chemical composition were analyzed by GC-MS, physicochemical properties were analyzed used ISO standard and antioxidant activity were analyzed by DPPH method. The results showed that A. cardamomun oils yield between 0.06-0.33%. The main compound in the oils is 1,8-cineole with the highest percentage was obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil was distillated for 6 hours (60.63%). The results of each sample almost have the same quality with specific gravity between 0.899 – 0.909; refractive index between 1.476-1.478; optical rotation between (+)2.05⁰-(+)2.38⁰; miscibility in 70% alcohol between 1:7-1:9; and acid number between 0.49-0.69. The leaves and rhizomes oils of A. cardamomum showed potent antioxidant activity with the highest antioxidant were obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil were distillated for 8 hours with IC50: 0.039 g/ml.

Utilization of Melaleuca leucadendron Essential Oil Rini Pujiarti; Yoshito Ohtani; Titis Budi Widowati; Kasmudjo Kasmudjo
Wood Research Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2011.2.2.94-99

The chemical composition, antioxidant, antifungal, and physiological effects of commercial Melaleuca leucadendron LINN. (Kayu Putih) oil from Sukun, East Java, Indonesia was investigated in this study. GC-MS analysis showed the majority compounds of this oil are mixtures of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, which 1,8-cineole (53.90%) was the most abundant compound in this oil. In vitro antioxidant assay showed this essential oil possessed antioxidant activity (IC50: 4.24mg/ml). In vitro antifungal assay showed relatively strong antifungal activity of this oil against plant pathogenic fungi of F. oxysporum (IC50: 0.44mg/ml), T. cucumeris (IC50: 0.97mg/ml) and R. oryzae (IC50: 7.71mg/ml). The investigation on the effect of the odor of M. leucadendron oil in this study also showed functional fragrance of this oil for human physiological behavior controlling.

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Leaf Oils from Indonesia Rini Pujiarti; Yoshito Ohtani; Hideaki Ichiura
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.1.23-29

Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Oil, also known as Kayu Putih oil, is one of the most important non-timber forest products in Indonesia. This oil has diverse bioactivity, such as insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral. This study elucidated the chemical compositions and biological activities of M. leucadendron leaf oils from Java, Indonesia in order to evaluate their potency and improve their utilization. Leaf samples of M. leucadendron in this study were collected from plantation forest in Gunung Kidul-Yogyakarta (L1), Gundih-Central Java (L2) and Sukun-East Java (L3), Indonesia in different plant ages of 5 (A1), 10 (A2) and 15 (A3) years-old. Oil samples were distillated by water-steam distillation. Identification of chemical composition of these essential oils was conducted by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity was examined by 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and antifungal activity was examined using a method by Wang et al. (2005) with slight modification against pathogenic fungi of Fusarium oxysporum, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Rhizopus oryzae. GC-MS investigations of M. leucadendron leaf oils showed 26 compounds have been identified. The result showed 1,8-cineole (44.76% to 60.19%) was the major compound in these oil, followed by α-terpineol (5.93% to 12.45%), D(+)-limonene (4.45% to 8.85%), and β-caryophyllene (3.78% to 7.64%), respectively. The in vitro DPPH assay showed anti-oxidative (IC50: 7.21 to 9.46 mg/ml) properties of M. leucadendron leaf oils. This essential oils also revealed inhibitory effect against F. oxysporum (IC50: 0.01 mg/ml to 0.11 mg/ml), T. cucumeris (IC50: 0.52 mg/ml to 4.20 mg/ml) and R. oryzae (IC50:1.35 mg/ml to 7.61 mg/ml). The antifungal activity showed M. leucadendron leaf oils were effective against fungi of F. oxysporum and T. cucumeris; but it showed less antifungal activity against R. oryzae. This study indicated that the M. leucadendron leaf oils can be used as antioxidant and sustainable eco-friendly bio fungicides.

Chemical Properties of 15-year-old Teak (Tectona grandis L.f) from Different Seed Sources Ganis Lukmandaru; Pormando Manalu; Tomy Listyanto; Denny Irawati; Rini Pujiarti; Fanny Hidayati; Dian Rodiana
Wood Research Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2016): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2016.7.1.6-12

Fifteen year-old teak wood samples planted in Ciamis FMU (Perhutani Enterprise) were evaluated for their chemical properties. Three seed sources such as conventional seed, clone, and superior wood and radial positions namely sapwood, outer heartwood, and inner heartwood were the observed factors. The specimens were taken from the bottom parts of their sources. Completely randomized design was used. Cell wall components were analyzed by various gravimetric methods.Analysis of variance and Duncan’s test were performed for data analysis. The results showed that no significant difference in the quantity of cell wall components (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), extractives (ethanol-toluene and hot-water solubles), ash, and silica content among the seed sources. Superior teakwood or Jati Plus Perhutani, which has the highest growth rate (2.1~3.6 cm/year) among others, showed a comparative higher average pH values (7.08~7.38) and solubility in 1% NaOH (17.22~17.83%) than other sources. Radial factors significantly affected ethanol-toluene extractive and lignin content. The ethanol-toluene extractive had the highest content (9.30~11.54%) at the outer part of heartwood while lignin content was the lowest (28.12~30.10%) in the inner part. The result indicated some good characteristics of young teak trees compared to the mature ones in relation to wood processing.

Effect of Distillation Tank Density and Storage Time on the Quality and Chemical Composition of Cajuput Oil Satrian Nur Alam; Rini Pujiarti; Kasmudjo Kasmudjo
Wood Research Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2019): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2019.10.1.18-25

Cajuput oil is a commodity of non-timber forest product which is needed and potential to be developed in Indonesia. Therefore, further research on the factors of production and post-production are needed to produce optimum quality. In this study, the leaves of cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) were distillated by water-steam distillation. This study evaluated effects of distillation tank density (60%, 70%, and 80%) and oil storage time (0 month, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months) on physicochemical properties and chemical compositions of cajuput oils. The results showed that cajuput oils had a specific gravity of 0.915~0.923; optical rotation of (-2,10°) ~ (-1,20°); refractive index of 1.463~1.464; solubility in alcohol 1 : 1; cineole contents of 61.18~76.24%; clear to yellowish clear color; distinctive smell of cajuput and in accordance with SNI 06-3954- 2006. The GC-MS analysis identified 24 of chemical components on the cajuput oils with main components were 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, and β-caryophylene. Tank density 70% to 80% with the oil storage time up to 3 months still gives the optimum quality and chemical compositions.

Effect of Melaleuca leucadendron, Cananga odorata and Pogostemon cablin Oil Odors on Human Physiological Responses Rini Pujiarti; Yoshito Ohtani; Titis Budi Widowati; Wahyudi Wahyudi; Kasmudjo Kasmudjo; N. Kaushalya Herath; Chao Nan Wang
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.2.100-105

The aims of this study were to evaluate the main compounds and the effect of M. leucadendron, C. odorata and P. cablin essential oil odors on human physiological responses. The chemical compounds of essential oils in this study were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the physiological effects of essential oils on human were analyzed via the sense of smell olfactory system. Physiological parameters of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, stress index, and brain wave were recorded before and after sniffing essential oils. The result shows that the main compound of M. leucadendron, C. odorata, and P. cablin is 1,8-cineole, Caryophyllene and Patchouli Alcohol, respectively. Our results demonstrated that M. leucadendron and C. odorata oil odors possessed sedative effect and P. cablin oil odor had tendency to contain stimulating effect on human physiologies.

Chemical Compounds, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of A. cardamomum Leaves and Rhizomes Oils on Different Distillation Time Rini Pujiarti; Aisyah Kusumadewi
Wood Research Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2020): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2020.11.1.35-40

Amomum cardamomum is a local cardamom that grows widely and recently developed as and agroforestry crops in Indonesia. Its seeds, leaves and rhizomes are sources of essential oil. Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits for health and flavouring agent. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the yield, chemical composisition, physico-chemical properties, and antioxidant activities of leaves and rhizomes oils of cardamom were distillated using water-steam distillation for 4, 6, and 8 hours. The chemical composition were analyzed by GC-MS, physicochemical properties were analyzed used ISO standard and antioxidant activity were analyzed by DPPH method. The results showed that A. cardamomun oils yield between 0.06-0.33%. The main compound in the oils is 1,8-cineole with the highest percentage was obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil was distillated for 6 hours (60.63%). The results of each sample almost have the same quality with specific gravity between 0.899 – 0.909; refractive index between 1.476-1.478; optical rotation between (+)2.05⁰-(+)2.38⁰; miscibility in 70% alcohol between 1:7-1:9; and acid number between 0.49-0.69. The leaves and rhizomes oils of A. cardamomum showed potent antioxidant activity with the highest antioxidant were obtained from cardamom rhizomes oil were distillated for 8 hours with IC50: 0.039 g/ml.

Utilization of Melaleuca leucadendron Essential Oil Rini Pujiarti; Yoshito Ohtani; Titis Budi Widowati; Kasmudjo Kasmudjo
Wood Research Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2011.2.2.94-99

The chemical composition, antioxidant, antifungal, and physiological effects of commercial Melaleuca leucadendron LINN. (Kayu Putih) oil from Sukun, East Java, Indonesia was investigated in this study. GC-MS analysis showed the majority compounds of this oil are mixtures of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, which 1,8-cineole (53.90%) was the most abundant compound in this oil. In vitro antioxidant assay showed this essential oil possessed antioxidant activity (IC50: 4.24mg/ml). In vitro antifungal assay showed relatively strong antifungal activity of this oil against plant pathogenic fungi of F. oxysporum (IC50: 0.44mg/ml), T. cucumeris (IC50: 0.97mg/ml) and R. oryzae (IC50: 7.71mg/ml). The investigation on the effect of the odor of M. leucadendron oil in this study also showed functional fragrance of this oil for human physiological behavior controlling.

Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Leaf Oils from Indonesia Rini Pujiarti; Yoshito Ohtani; Hideaki Ichiura
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.1.23-29

Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Oil, also known as Kayu Putih oil, is one of the most important non-timber forest products in Indonesia. This oil has diverse bioactivity, such as insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral. This study elucidated the chemical compositions and biological activities of M. leucadendron leaf oils from Java, Indonesia in order to evaluate their potency and improve their utilization. Leaf samples of M. leucadendron in this study were collected from plantation forest in Gunung Kidul-Yogyakarta (L1), Gundih-Central Java (L2) and Sukun-East Java (L3), Indonesia in different plant ages of 5 (A1), 10 (A2) and 15 (A3) years-old. Oil samples were distillated by water-steam distillation. Identification of chemical composition of these essential oils was conducted by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity was examined by 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and antifungal activity was examined using a method by Wang et al. (2005) with slight modification against pathogenic fungi of Fusarium oxysporum, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Rhizopus oryzae. GC-MS investigations of M. leucadendron leaf oils showed 26 compounds have been identified. The result showed 1,8-cineole (44.76% to 60.19%) was the major compound in these oil, followed by α-terpineol (5.93% to 12.45%), D(+)-limonene (4.45% to 8.85%), and β-caryophyllene (3.78% to 7.64%), respectively. The in vitro DPPH assay showed anti-oxidative (IC50: 7.21 to 9.46 mg/ml) properties of M. leucadendron leaf oils. This essential oils also revealed inhibitory effect against F. oxysporum (IC50: 0.01 mg/ml to 0.11 mg/ml), T. cucumeris (IC50: 0.52 mg/ml to 4.20 mg/ml) and R. oryzae (IC50:1.35 mg/ml to 7.61 mg/ml). The antifungal activity showed M. leucadendron leaf oils were effective against fungi of F. oxysporum and T. cucumeris; but it showed less antifungal activity against R. oryzae. This study indicated that the M. leucadendron leaf oils can be used as antioxidant and sustainable eco-friendly bio fungicides.

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