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All Journal Bumi Lestari JURNAL ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEHUTANAN Ecogreen HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan AKSIOLOGIYA : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Infrastruktur Indonesian Journal of Health Sciences Research and Development (IJHSRD) Depik Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan Waluya The International Science of Health Journal Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan UNMUL Depik Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan
Ridwan Adi Surya
Department Of Environmental Science, Faculty Of Forestry And Environmental Sciences, Halu Oleo University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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PENGEMBANGAN KEBIJAKANPENGELOLAAN AIR BAKUBERKELANJUTANDI SUB DAS KONAWEHA KABUPATEN KONAWE SULAWESI TENGGARA Surya, Ridwan Adi; J. Purwanto, M Yanuar; Sapei, Asep; Widiatmaka, Widiatmaka
Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan Vol 12, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial, Ekonomi, Kebijakan dan Perubahan Iklim

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Abstract

Pasokan air untuk mendukung pembangunan dan kebutuhan manusia perlu dijamin untuk kondisi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis tingkat keberlanjutan pengelolaan air baku di Sub DAS Konaweha Kabupaten Konawe, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor penting yang mempengaruhi keberlanjutan pengelolaan air baku di Sub DAS Konaweha Kabupaten Konawe, dan (3) menganalisis peran kelembagaan ditinjau dari aspek kendala yang dihadapi, kebutuhan program pemerintah terkait, serta lembaga yang berperan dalam pengelolaan air baku berkelanjutan di Sub DAS Konaweha Kabupaten Konawe. Hasil analisis Multi Dimensional Scalling (MDS) dengan Rap-Konawe menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan pengelolaan air baku di Sub DAS Konaweha Kabupaten Konawe adalah kurang berkelanjutan dengan indeks keberlanjutan 41,40%. Dimana dimensi ekologi cukup berkelanjutan (52,36%), dimensi ekonomi kurang berkelanjutan (36,93%), dimensi sosial kurang berkelanjutan (34,16%), dimensi teknologi kurang berkelanjutan (35,39%), dan dimensi kelembagaan kurang berkelanjutan (35,39%). Hasil analisis Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM) menunjukkan terdapat tiga unsur yang perlu diperhatikan: (1) Kendala (penurunan fungsi penyerapan air karena berkurangnya vegetasi di daerah tangkapan air, dan kurangnya koordinasi pengelolaan sumberdaya air antara para pemangku kepentingan), (2) Kebutuhan (peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan personil kantor pemerintah, dan peningkatan kesadaran stakeholder), dan (3) Lembaga (BPDAS Sampara dan Dinas Kehutanan Kabupaten Konawe).
RISK OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK PARAMETERS NO2 AND COMPLAINTS OF RESPIRATION ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DRIVERS (NEW CAMPUS-CITY) IN KENDARI CITY: RISKS OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Asri Manafia; Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja; Ridwan Adi Surya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Publisher : STIKes Mandala Waluya Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol3.Iss1/61

Abstract

Background:For Kendari City, the NO2 concentration in the air measured on Jl.Abdullah Silondae street still below the quality standard. However, the NO2 concentration has increased and decreased based on the results of air monitoring from the Environment and Forestry Service regarding the Air Quality Index which is measured 2 times a year with NO2 parameters in 2017, the first measurement is the value obtained of 1.58 µg / m3 and the second measurement. amounting to 1.57 µg / m3. In 2018 the NO2 value in the first measurement was 4.2 µg / m3 and the second measurement was 5.23 µg / m3. Whereas in 2019 the NO2 value in the first measurement was 5.8 µg / m3 and in the second measurement was 3.8 µg / m3. Methods:This type of research is descriptive quantitative (Field Research and Laboratory Research). The population is the total number of public transportation and the number of drivers for the Baru-Kota Rayon 02 route, amounting to 154 public transportation units and 154 public transport drivers with the male gender. The samples are some of the public transport drivers for the New Kampus-Kota rayon 02 route. Results:Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measurements were obtained96.85 µg / Nm3, 108.79 µg / Nm3 and 100.83 µg / Nm3 for 3 different locations. The highest respiratory complaints were cough symptoms for 47 people and the lowest was shortness of breath as many as 8 people. Conclusion:Risk management is carried out by reducing exposure time, planting trees that can absorb air pollution, maintaining endurance, limiting the age of motor vehicles and using environmentally friendly fuels.
HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE COVID-19 REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN KENDARI CITY: HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTE MANAGEMENT Tahmar Tahmar; Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja; Ridwan Adi Surya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Publisher : STIKes Mandala Waluya Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol3.Iss3/112

Abstract

Background: Management of medical B3 waste during the COVID-19 pandemic is still very limited.At the Kendari City Regional General Hospital. B3 waste generation has increased from 24.324 kg in 2019 to 32.123 kg in 2020.  In April 2021, the amount of B3 waste generation has reached 11,402 kg.There were  several factors that affect the management of B3 waste. This study aims to determine the factors related to the management of hazardous and toxic waste (B3) at the Covid-19 Referral Hospital in Kendari City. Methods: This  research used  a cross sectional study design, conducted from August to September 2021. The samples in this study were 79 respondents taken by purposive sampling. Results: The statistical test suggests  the value of X2count is 19,417 > X2 table is 3,841 and the value of the closeness relationship is Ф= 0,496. Conclusion: There is a moderate relationship between monitoring of management of hazardous and toxic waste (B3) at the Kendari City Covid-19 Referral Hospital.
Management Waste in The Public Service Area of The Southern Konawe Hospital Lia Amelia; Erwin Azizi Jayadiparaja DM; Ridwan Adi Surya
HIGIENE: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol 4 No 3 (2018): Kesehatan Lingkungan
Publisher : Public Health Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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Abstract

Waste from such hospital activity is likely to result in pathogenic microorganisms and toxic chemicals that cause infection and may spread to hospital environments due to inadequate health care techniques, errors in the treatment of contaminated materials and equipment, and the provision and maintenance of sanitary facilities still not good, can cause the occurrence of transmission of diseases originating from waste and declining aesthetic value. Therefore, to improve the quality of hospital services, the need for proper waste management and in accordance with established procedures. This study aims to analyze the waste management in the Regional Public Service Agency of South Konawe District Hospital.The type of this research is quantitative descriptive research. population in this research is all officer in charge of managing waste from start of room until to final disposal which amounted to 25 people. In this study using population research because the subject amounted to 25 people. The analysis used in this study uses descriptive analysis.The results show that the problem that exists on the input aspect is the head of the sanitation installation is not a minimal Diploma Kesling. But the Nutrition Diploma. Officers sent for training are only ambulance coordinator and IPRS Coordinator while management staff never participate in specific training. In the input aspect, the budget for limba management is carried out efficiency so that there is still need from the unfulfilled waste management. In the process aspect, the problem related to the waste management process itself starts from the transportation process where the officers rarely use personal protective equipment, there is no special lane, the garbage is collected for several days to be burned, also the burning that is accommodated to wait for the third party to carry the transportation.Expected To the South Konawe Hospital, it is necessary to consider following the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1204 / MENKES / SK / X / 2004 on the head of the sanitation installation is a minimum of Diploma 3 Environmental Health Keywords : Hospital Waste Management, Input, Output; Process
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN AIR BAKU BERKELANJUTAN DI SUB DAS KONAWEHA KABUPATEN KONAWE SULAWESI TENGGARA Ridwan Adi Surya; M Yanuar J. Purwanto; Asep Sapei; Widiatmaka Widiatmaka
Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan Vol 12, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan
Publisher : Centre for Research and Development on Social, Economy, Policy and Climate Change

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2290.898 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jakk.2015.12.3.263-282

Abstract

Decrease in water availability due to changes in land use has been occurred in Konawe, while water demand is likely to increase. In terms of the sustainability of water supply, it is quite worrying. This study aims to analyze: (1) level of sustainability, (2) important factors that affect sustainability, (3) role of institutions in the sustainable management of water resources in the Konaweha Sub Watershed. MDS analysis with Rap-Konawe results showed the status of the sustainability of water supplies in Konaweha SubWatershed is less sustainable with the sustainability index of 41,40%. Ecological dimension is sustainable enough (52,36%), economic dimension is less sustainable (36,93%), social dimension is less sustainable (34,16%), technology dimension is less sustainable (35,39%), and institutional dimension is less sustainable (35,39%). ISM analysis results showed that there are three elements that need to be considered: (1) Constraints (reduction in water absorption due to reduced function of vegetation in catchment area, and lack of coordination of water resource management among stakeholders), (2) Needs (improvement of knowledge and skills of government personnel, and increase the awareness of stakeholders), and (3) Institutions (BPDAS Sampara and Forest Service).
DETERMINING RIVER WATER QUALITY STATUS BASED ON THE POLLUTION INDEX METHOD AS CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Ridwan Adi Surya; Devianto Girsang; Sahindomi Bana; Kahirun; La Ode Siwi; La Ode Midi
Jurnal Infrastruktur Vol 7 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Infrastruktur
Publisher : Jurnal Infrastruktur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/infrastruktur.v7i1.1945

Abstract

The rapid pace of development in Kendari has had an inevitable negative impact on environmental quality, including water quality degradation in Wanggu River. River water quality degradation is influenced by anthropogenic activities such as felling trees for land clearing, agricultural waste, and disposal of organic and inorganic waste into river bodies. These activities certainly affect the decline in the water quality of the Wanggu River. This study aims to determine the water quality status of Wanggu River based on the pollution index method. This study was conducted in September - October 2019. To find out the water sampling points, the stations were determined, namely station I, station II, and station III using the observation method. Water samples at the three stations were tested for water quality at Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo University, to analyze physical parameters (temperature, TDS, and TSS), chemical parameters (pH, DO, BOD, COD, Nitrate, Nitrite, Oil and Fat, Detergent), and Microbiological Parameters (Total Coliform). Determination of the water quality of the Wanggu River was carried out using the Pollution Index Method. Based on the results of the Analysis of Pollution Index Method, the water samples from Wanggu River at stations I, II, and III obtained pollution index values of 1.62, 1.79, and 1.73 respectively. Therefore, the pollution index of the Wanggu River at the three stations was at a lightly polluted quality status. Besides, some parameters that did not meet quality standards included chemical parameters, namely Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), so that the water quality status of Wanggu River was classified as lightly polluted based on class 3 (three) water quality standards set by Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001.
Perbaikan Lingkungan dengan Penanaman Mangrove Berbasis Masyarakat untuk Mendukung Wisata Pesisir Desa Tapulaga Aminuddin Mane Kandari; Safril Kasim; La Ode Siwi; Ridwan Adi Surya; La Ode Agus Salim Mando; Asramid Yasin; Herlan Hidayat; Terry Y.R. Pristya
Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 5, No 1 (2021): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/aks.v5i1.4046

Abstract

Perbaikan lingkungan dengan penanaman mangrove berbasis masyarakat untuk mendukung wisata pesisir dilatar belakangi oleh garis pantai mengalami kemunduran dengan tingginya erosi pantai, kurangnya sentuhan iptek dalam pengelolaan mangrove, masyarakat tidak memiliki mata pencaharian alternatif dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat untuk menjaga dan memelihara lingkungan. Tujuan program ini adalah terbentuknya unit pemberdayaan masyarakat terhadap ekosistem mangrove, menjadikan ekosistem mangrove sebagai wisata pesisir untuk meningkatkan pendapatan daerah, kesejahteraan masyarakat dan kelestarian alam. Metode yang digunakan meliputi: 1) metode perencanaan: survei lokasi, perijinan, wawancara, pemberian kuesioner, 2) metode pelaksanaan: penyuluhan, pembentukan unit lembaga, pembibitan, persemaian, penanaman dan kerja bakti bersih pantai dan 3) metode evaluasi: meminimalisir kelemahan dan hambatan selama kegiatan berlangsung. Program dilaksanakan pada Juli 2019 di desa Tapulaga kecamatan Soropia kabupaten Konawe. Hasil program yang dicapai: persepsi masyarakat banyak yang setuju desa Tapulaga menjadi daerah ekowisata mangrove, terbentuknya Sahabat Mangrove Desa Tapulaga sebagai lembaga pengelola mangrove dan lembaga pendukung lainya seperti kelompok Pengawas Pesisir Wahana Lestari dan kelompok Nelayan Lestari, bertambahnya 1 unit bedeng persemaian mangrove yang baru yang dapat dijadikan lahan bisnis untuk dijual, penambahan jumlah area kawasan hutan mangrove desa Tapulaga dengan melalui 1000 bibit pohon mangrove yang ditanam dan berkurangnya sampah plastik melalui kerja bakti bersih pantai desa Tapulaga.Kata Kunci: Desa Tapulaga; mangrove; pesisir; wisata Environmental Improvement with Community-Based Mangrove Planting to Support Coastal Tourism in Tapulaga Village ABSTRACT Improvement of the environment by planting community-based mangroves to support coastal tourism due to the shoreline has deteriorated with high coastal erosion, lack of science and technology touches in mangrove management, the community lacks alternative livelihoods and lack of community awareness to protect and preserve the environment. The purpose of this program is the formation of a community empowerment unit for mangrove ecosystems, making mangrove ecosystems as coastal tourism to increase regional income, community welfare and nature conservation. The methods used include: 1) planning methods: location surveys, permits, interviews, questionnaires, 2) implementation methods: counseling, the establishment of institutional units, nurseries, nurseries, planting and beach clean service work and 3) evaluation methods: minimizing weaknesses and obstacles during the activity. The program was carried out in July 2019 in Tapulaga village, Soropia sub-district, Konawe regency. Program results achieved: many community perceptions agree that Tapulaga village becomes a mangrove ecotourism area, the formation of Friends of Mangrove Tapulaga Village as a mangrove management institution and other supporting institutions such as the Wahana Lestari Coastal Supervisor group and the Sustainable Fishermen group, an increase in 1 new mangrove nursery unit can be used as a business land for sale, increasing the number of mangrove forest areas in Tapulaga village by going through 1000 mangrove tree seedlings planted and reducing plastic waste through the clean beach service work of Tapulaga village.Keywords: coastal; mangrove; Tapulaga Village; tourism
ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN PENGELOLAAN AIR BAKU BERKELANJUTAN DENGAN METODE INTERPRETATIVE STRUCTURAL MODELLING (ISM) DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SULAWESI TENGGARA Ridwan Adi Surya; M. Yanuar J. Purwanto; Asep Sapei; Widiatmaka Widiatmaka
Jurnal Ecogreen Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Haluoleo

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Abstract

ABSTRAKPenurunan ketersediaan air dan peningkatan kebutuhan air telah terjadi di Kabupaten Konawe Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Hal ini disebabkan karena perubahan penggunaan lahan akibat eksploitasi lahan secara terus menerus sehingga terjadi penurunan kapasitas infiltrasi dan peningkatan aliran permukaan. Berdasarkan permasalahan diatas maka diperlukan strategi pengelolaan dan pengembangan peran kelembagaan sehingga pengelolaan air baku untuk penyediaan air bersih di Kabupaten Konawe dapat berlangsung secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: (1) menganalisis peran kelembagaan ditinjau dari aspek kendala yang dihadapi, kebutuhan program pemerintah terkait, dan lembaga yang berperan dalam pengelolaan air baku untuk penyediaan air bersih berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Konawe; dan (2) mengembangkan model kelembagaan pengelolaan air baku untuk penyediaan air bersih di Kab. Konawe dengan metode Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk implementasi model, terdapat tiga elemen sistem yang perlu diperhatikan. Tiga elemen sistem dengan masing-masing sub elemen kuncinya yaitu: (1) kendala (menurunnya fungsi resapan air akibat berkurangnya vegetasi pada daerah tangkapan air, dan kurangnya koordinasi dan keterpaduan pengelolaan sumber daya air antar stakeholder terkait); (2) kebutuhan (peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan aparat SKPD terkait, dan peningkatan kesadaran stake holder terkait); dan (3) lembaga (BP DAS Sampara, Forum DAS Sultra dan Dinas Kehutanan Kab. Konawe). Kata kunci: model, kelembagaan, air baku, air bersih, ISM   ABSTRACTDecreased water availability and increased water demand has occurred in Southeast Sulawesi Konawe. This is caused by changes in land use due to continuous exploitation of land resulting in a decrease in infiltration capacity and increased surface runoff. Based on the above issues will require the development of management strategies and the role of institutions, so that the management of raw water for water supply in Konawe District can take place in a sustainable manner. This study was conducted with the aim of: (1) analyze the role of institutional on the aspects of constraint, the needs related government programs, and agencies that play a role in the management of raw water for water supply sustainable in Konawe district, and (2) develop a model of water management institutions of water supply in the Konawe District with Interpretative Structural Modeling method (ISM). The results showed that for the implementation of the model, there are three elements of the system that need to be considered. Three elements of the system with each of the key sub elements, namely: (1) constraint (decreasing function of water absorption due to reduced vegetation in the catchment area, and the lack of coordination and integration of water resources management among related stakeholders), (2) needs (increased knowledge on education and skills related apparatus, and an increased awareness of all related stakeholders), and (3) agency (BP DAS Sampara, Forum DAS Sultra and Dinas Kehutanan Konawe District) . Keywords : models, institutional, raw water, clean water, ISM
INDIKATOR KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MAKROINVERTEBRATA DI SUNGAI WANGGU Kahirun Kahirun; La Ode Siwi; Ridwan Adi Surya; La Ode Muhammad Erif; Asramid Yasin; Ifrianty Ifrianty
Jurnal Ecogreen Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Haluoleo

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Abstract

ABSTRAKMakroinvertebrata berperan penting dalam suatu perairandan telah lama digunakan sebagai bioindikator kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi tingkat pencemaran air Sungai Wanggu dengan menggunakan makroinvertebrata. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Agustus sampai September 2017. Sedangkan parameter yang diamati yaitu fisik, kimia dan biologi. Parameter fisik meliputi (suhu, TSS, kekeruhan dan kecepatan arus). Parameter kimia meliputi (pH, COD, BOD dan DO). Sedangkan parameter biologi yaitu (makroinvertebrata). Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa untuk parameter fisik–kimia perairan, yaitu suhu 340C, 310C dan 350C, TSS 9,26 mg l-1, 13,49 mg l-1 dan 11,53 mg l-1. Kekeruhan 2,15 NTU, 1,86 NTU dan1,95 NTU. Kecepatan arus 35,06 ms-1, 4,77 ms-1 dan 40,48 ms-1. PH 7,16, 7,45 dan 7,78. COD 2,15 mg l-1, 6,38 mg l-1 dan 4,72 mg l-1. BOD 1,09 mg l-1, 1,39 mg l-1 dan 1,18 mg l-1. DO 7,42 mg l-1, 6,95 mg l-1 dan 7,26 mg l-1. Parameter biologi yaitu makroinvertebrata menghasilkan nilai FBI yaitu pada stasiun-I 4,42 dengan kriteria baik, stasiun-II 4,82 kriteria baik dan pada stasiun-III dengan nilai 7,32 dengan kriteria buruk sekali. Dengan demikian kualitas perairan agak tercemar dan tercemar sangat berat.     Kata kunci : Makroinvertebrata,Sungai Wanggu, Kualitas Air.
ANALISIS STATUS KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN AIR BAKU DI KABUPATEN KONAWE PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA Ridwan Adi Surya; M. Yanuar J. Purwanto; Asep Sapei; Widiatmaka Widiatmaka
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 14 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

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Abstract

The water supply to support the development and human needs need to be guaranteed forthe sustainable condition. Decreased water availability and increased water demand hasoccurred in Konawe Regency Southeast Sulawesi Province. In order to the management forwater supply in Konawe Regency can take place in a sustainable condition, it is necessary toapply the concept of sustainable development through the conservation of water resources.This study aims to analyze the sustainability of the status of water management for sustainablewater supply in Konawe Regency, and analyze the important factors that affect the sustainabilityof water management in the Konawe Regency. The analytical method used is a MultiDimensional Scaling called Rap-Konawe. The results are expressed in terms of index andstatus of sustainability. The analysis on the five dimensions indicate that the ecologicaldimension is sustainable enough (52.36%), economic dimension is less sustainable (36.93%),social dimension is less sustainable (34.16%), technology dimension is less sustainable(35.39%), and institutional dimension is less sustainable (35.39%). There was 12 attributesneed to be taken care immediately because of the sensitive affect on the increase of index andsustainability status.
Co-Authors Aminuddin Mane Kandari, Aminuddin Mane Asep Sapei Asramid Yasin Asri Manafia Bana, Sahindomi Darwin Ismail Deniyatno Deniyatno Devianto Girsang Dwi Ermawati Rahayu Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja, Erwin Azizi Herlan Hidayat Hidayat, Herlan Ibrahim Ibrahim Ifrianty Ifrianty Ismawati Ismawati Junartin Teke Kahirun, Kahirun Kasim, Safril La Aba La Ode Agus Salim Mando La Ode Midi, La Ode La Ode Muhammad Erif La Ode Siwi La Ode Siwi La Ode Siwi Lia Amelia Lies Indriyani M Yanuar J. Purwanto M. Yanuar J. Purwanto M. Yanuar J. Purwanto M. Yanuar J. Purwanto Mando, La Ode Agus Salim Pristya, Terry Y.R. Safril Kasim Siwi, La Ode Tahmar Tahmar Terry Y.R. Pristya Widiatmaka Yunianto Setiawan, Yunianto