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All Journal Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Nation State : Journal of International Studies Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah Jurnal Pengabdian Mandiri Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse Jurnal Pepadu Jurnal Pengabdian West Science JKHI
Ahmad Mubarak Munir
Program Studi Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Mataram
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Pengaruh Pertentangan Ideologi Sunni-Syi’ah Terhadap Hubungan Bilateral Arab Saudi-Iran di Timur Tengah Afini Nurdina Utami; Syaiful Anam; Ahmad Mubarak Munir
Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies (IJPSS) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Peace and Security Studies
Publisher : Department of International Relations, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ijpss.v4i1.111

Abstract

Putusnya hubungan bilateral Arab Saudi dan Iran pada tahun 2016 menjadikan pertanda kembalinya ketegangan antara hubungan Arab Saudi dan Iran. Hubungan konfliktual selalu mewarnai hubungan antara Arab Saudi dan Iran, terutama pasca 1979. Revolusi Islam Iran 1979 adalah sebuah peristiwa yang menjadi titik mula dimana hubungan kedua negara menjadi tegang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bahwa akar penyebab dari ketegangan antara Arab Saudi dan Iran di Timur Tengah ini disebabkan karena faktor-faktor non-material. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menjabarkan mengenai sejarah terbentuknya Sunni-Syi’ah, penerapannya dalam Negara Arab Saudi dan Iran, serta hubungan Arab Saudi dan Iran pasca Revolusi Iran. Selanjutnya, penulis menganalisisnya dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme untuk dapat memahami lebih baik hubungan konfliktual antar kedua negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka. Pasca revolusi, Iran menjadikan ideologi Syi’ah sebagai dasar negaranya. Berubahnya identitas Iran menjadi negara teokratis Syi’ah ini mengubah cara pandang Arab Saudi dan Iran terhadap satu sama lain. Hal ini disebabkan karena pertentangan ideologi yang dianut oleh kedua negara, Arab Saudi dengan Sunni, dan Iran dengan Syi’ah. Pertentangan ini kemudian mempengaruhi hubungan bilateral Arab Saudi dan Iran dan juga hubungan kedua negara di kawasan Timur Tengah.
Analisis Kekerasan Gangster di Haiti Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Arus Migrasi Menuju Amerika Serikat Tahun 2019-2021 Puji Ayu Astuti; Ismah Rustam; Ahmad Mubarak Munir
Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse
Publisher : The Department of International Relations Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tulisan ini membahas tentang Kekerasan Gangster di Haiti dan Dampaknya Terhadap Arus Migrasi Menuju Amerika Serikat Tahun 2019-2021. Penulis menemukan bahwa di tengah kondisi negara yang tidak stabil, Haiti juga memiliki kasus kekerasan yang tinggi, di mana kekerasan tersebut disebabkan oleh merajalelanya gangster, sehingga terus memperburuk kondisi negara tersebut. Atas kejadian inilah yang kemudian menimbulkan berbagai dampak di Haiti diantaranya adalah keputusan masyarakat Haiti untuk meninggalkan negaranya dengan bermigrasi menuju negara lain dengan harapan memperoleh keamanan dan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan konsep kekerasan Johan Galtung dan teori migrasi E.G Ravenstein untuk membantu serta mempermudah dalam menjelaskan permasalahan yang tengah diteliti. Temuan pada penelitian ini bahwa dampak yang dihasilkan oleh kekerasan gangster di Haiti adalah tingginya arus migrasi, serta kehadiran gangster memberikan ketidakamanan dan ketidaknyamanan masyarakat Haiti, selain itu juga para gangster di negara itu menjadi penghalang dalam proses perkembangan negaranya.
Hubungan Kerja Sama Perdagangan Komoditas Batu Bara Indonesia-China Tahun 2014-2021: Hubungan Kerjasama Perdagangan Komoditas Batubara Indonesia-China Tahun 2014-2021 Nurul Penti; Y. A. Wahyudin; Ahmad Mubarak Munir
Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse
Publisher : The Department of International Relations Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ijgd.v4i2.67

Abstract

This research aims to explain the relationship of bilateral trade cooperation between Indonesia and China in coal commodities, the influencing factors and the opportunities and defiances of Indonesia in trade cooperation of coal energy with China during the period of President Joko Widodo’s administration in 2014-2021. Indonesia and China are two countries that have very close relations in the energy sector, as seen from a lot of policies and cooperation agreed upon by the two countries. However, the existing social, economic and political dynamics also affect the cooperation between the two countries. Seeing these dynamics, this research tries to answer the reason why Indonesia and China did the coal trade cooperation, how was the bilateral cooperation between the two countries and what is Indonesia’s opportunity and defiance of coal bilateral trade cooperation with China. This research uses the Heckscher-Ohlin international trade theory, international cooperation and new trade strategy concepts to answer the questions. The data collection technique used in this research is a secondary data collection technique with a  literature review method. From the analysis, the coal bilateral trade cooperation between Indonesia-China does not escape from their national interest which is over production of coal in Indonesia and the lack of domestic coal energy resources in China. So the author concludes that domestic and global factors, big opportunities and defiances play a very important role in relation to coal bilateral trade cooperation between Indonesia and China.
Strategi China Dalam Melindungi Keamanan Nasionalnya di Wilayah Sengketa Laut China Selatan Kinanti Rizsa Sabilla; Ismah Rustam; Ahmad Mubarak Munir
Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse
Publisher : The Department of International Relations Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ijgd.v4i2.85

Abstract

This research aims to look at China's strategy for securing its national interests in the disputed South China Sea area. The concept of national power and national interest was utilized in this research, along with descriptive exploratory research methods assisted by concepts. Qualitative and literature studies have been used as data collection methods. This study aims to show that China's sincerity in asserting claims over the disputed South China Sea is not an ordinary claim. The claim action is a serious action to protect the country's national interests in both national security as well as the economy. This is due to China's belief that the South China Sea is an existing part of its territory based on ancient Chinese shipping maps, which will be maintained along with the acquisition of rights to the nine-dash line based on traditional maps. This study reveals that China's strategy is to use national power, both military and latent power
Dampak Pengungsi Timur Tengah Terhadap Stabilitas Ekonomi, Sosial, Politik Italia Tahun 2015-2021 Nisa, Istiqomatun; Mahmuluddin, Mahmuluddin; Munir, Ahmad Mubarak
Kajian Hubungan Internasional Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences - Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/khi.2024.3.1.10729

Abstract

Konflik yang terjadi di negara-negara Timur Tengah mengakibatkan keadaan yang tidak kondusif bagi penduduk lokal. Penduduk mulai merasakan tidak adanya rasa aman, terjadinya pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, serta terjadinya penurunan stabilitas ekonomi negara yang menyebabkan tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan para penduduk seperti makanan, tempat tinggal dan fasilitas yang menjamin kehidupan yang layak untuk para penduduk lokal. Konflik yang memuncak pada tahun 2015 di Timur Tengah tersebut membuat penduduk lokal memilih untuk meninggalkan negaranya dengan mengharapkan adanya perlindungan yang di dapatkan dari masyarakat global. Pengungsi memilih negara yang letak geografisnya dekat dengan negara asal. salah satunya adalah negara Italia yang menjadi negara tujuan para pengungsi. Perpindahan yang dilakukan oleh pengungsi ini berdampak pada stabilitas ekonomi, sosial serta politik Italia yang memuncak pada tahun 2015. Adapun penelitian ini berupa penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Kerangka teori dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori liberalisme, selain itu terdapat konsep pengungsi internasional, konsep kerjasama internasional serta konvensi 1951 Tentang Status Pengungsi juga di gunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa masuknya para pengungsi sejak tahun 2015-2021 lebih banyak memberikan dampak negatif terhadap keadaan ekonomi, sosial serta politik Italia, dibandingkan dengan dampak positif yang hanya berdampak pada stabilitas ekonomi Italia. 
Budaya Pamali dan Strategi Penerapan Pola Asuh Berkesadaran Indrayani, Rusmiati; Al-Mubarak, Ahmad Munir
JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN Vol 12 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : STKIP PGRI SITUBONDO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47668/pkwu.v12i3.1506

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe the strategy of implementing conscious parenting in forming an understanding of taboo culture. This study uses a mixed method or a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The number of respondents/research informants is 100 people. The determination of respondents uses a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study, as many as 85% of the old generation of the Banjar tribe still believe in taboos and prohibitions as a form of local wisdom. The types of taboos are divided into three parts, customary taboos (60%), natural taboos (10%), and taboos in social interaction (20%). The strategy of inheriting values in the form of advice and examples is integrated through parenting. The combination of the application of authoritarian, authoritative, and laizs faire parenting patterns forms a conscious parenting pattern. As many as 75% of respondents acknowledge the important role of the older generation such as grandparents, fathers and mothers as guardians of cultural identity.
Indonesia - Nigeria Strategic Cooperation: An Indonesia's Perspective Mardialina, Mala; Munir, Ahmad Mubarak
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/NSJIS.2020v3i2.362

Abstract

Indonesia-Nigeria cooperation resumed since President Gus Dur made an official visit to Nigeria in 2000. Indonesia relations became increasingly constructive by creating several trade agreements with the Nigerian government and formulating Indonesia-Africa Forum (IAF) is a real constructive strategy in focusing on Indonesia’s Foreign Policy toward the Africa region. There are more than 15 Indonesian companies operating in Nigeria and Nigeria was Indonesia's largest trade partner in Africa with a total volume of trade at USD 1.5 billion in 2019. In the oil sector, Indonesia has a trade deficit with Nigeria but not in the non-oil sector, Nigeria became the entry point for Indonesian products to other African regions. This research is qualitative research using a political cooperation concept as an analytical tool by looking at the dynamics of the Indonesia-Nigeria relationship in the framework of strategic cooperation. The data is gained from a focused review of relevant theories, literature, and previous research findings of the discussed topic. Besides, the data were taken from books, journals, reports, and websites.
Dynamics of Chinese Investment in Infrastructure Development in Lombok Island Munir, Ahmad Mubarak; Husni , Valencia; Ayudaning D , Pamungkas; Anam, Syaiful
Journal Corner of Education, Linguistics, and Literature Vol. 5 No. 001 (2025): Special Issues
Publisher : CV. Tripe Konsultan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54012/jcell.v5i001.524

Abstract

Chinese investment has become the subject of ongoing debates in international political economy studies. In general, scholars argue that the benefits of Chinese investment not only depend on the relationship between China and host countries but also on various state capacities. Using a case study approach, this paper aims to contribute with other scholars to understand Chinese investment patterns in third-world countries, especially Indonesia. The volume of Chinese investment in Indonesia has increased significantly in recent years. This study will focus on understanding Chinese investment patterns in infrastructure in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) on Lombok Island. This project received a loan through the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) of 692 million dollars during 2019-2024. This paper argues that Chinese investment has contributed to complex policy-making dynamics at the national and sub-national levels.
Norms without Power? Evaluating ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific’s Role in Shaping the Indo-Pacific Anam, Syaiful; Asyidiqi, Hasbi; Rizki, Kurnia Zulhandayani; Munir, Ahmad Mubarak
Indonesian Journal of Global Discourse Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : The Department of International Relations Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ijgd.v7i2.172

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tulisan ini mengkaji secara kritis ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) sebagai kerangka normatif yang merumuskan visi ASEAN terhadap tatanan kawasan yang inklusif, berbasis aturan, dan kooperatif di tengah memanasnya rivalitas kekuatan besar. Dengan menggunakan teori konstruktivisme dan model norm life cycle yang dikembangkan oleh Finnemore dan Sikkink, studi ini menilai peran AOIP sebagai bentuk norm entrepreneurship serta stagnasinya dalam fase awal kemunculan norma. Melalui analisis konten dan wacana terhadap dokumen AOIP, deklarasi KTT, dan respons negara anggota, makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa berbagai keterbatasan struktural ASEAN, seperti pengambilan keputusan berbasis konsensus, kelemahan institusional, dan perbedaan politik internal, menghambat operasionalisasi prinsip-prinsip AOIP. Meskipun mendapatkan dukungan retoris dari ASEAN dan mitra eksternal, AOIP tidak memiliki mekanisme penegakan yang efektif, landasan institusional yang kuat, maupun kemauan politik kolektif, sehingga menjadikannya sebagai “norma tanpa kekuatan.” Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa agar AOIP dapat berkembang menjadi kerangka kerja yang lebih berdampak, ASEAN perlu mengadopsi pendekatan institusionalisasi secara bertahap, memberdayakan norm entrepreneurs, dan membangun kemitraan strategis dengan aktor eksternal yang sejalan. Pada akhirnya, riset ini menyoroti janji sekaligus keterbatasan dari agensi normatif dalam tata kelola kawasan, serta menekankan tantangan ASEAN dalam menavigasi antara wacana aspiratif dan realitas geopolitik. Kata kunci: ASEAN, Indo-Pasifik, AOIP, konstruktivisme, norm entrepreneurship, tatanan kawasan, norm life cycle, institusionalisasi, kekuatan normatif.
PENGENALAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GAME BASED LEARNING DI SEKOLAH SATU ATAP (SATAP) DESA PULAU MARINGKIK MELALUI PROGRAM KONTRIBUSI SOSIAL PERTUKARAN MAHASISWA MERDEKA 3 (PMM 3) INBOUND UNIVERSITAS MATARAM TAHUN 2023 Munir, Ahmad Mubarak; Ayuningsih, Adinda Noura; Hardiansyah, Kelfin; Syahra, Tasya Alvianka; Yusriah, Halimatul
Jurnal Pepadu Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Pepadu
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/pepadu.v5i1.3970

Abstract

The education sector in the Remote, Frontier, and Outermost (3T) regions faces several main issues including infrastructure, teacher quality, infrastructure support, and the number of teachers. Maringkik Island is one of the outermost islands facing the aforementioned problems. Its geographical condition, separated from the mainland of Lombok Island, brings its challenges for the mobility of teachers and supporting facilities for schools. Interventions in the learning model to improve the quality of education and student's interest in learning have become a separate necessity. The Student Exchange Program of PMM 3, through social contribution activities, introduces a game-based learning model at the Integrated School on Maringkik Island. The objectives of this activity include providing alternative game-based learning models that can be adapted to schools in coastal and island regions. The implementation of this activity is carried out through 5 stages: preparation, planning, needs analysis, program implementation, and activity evaluation. This activity can increase students' enthusiasm for the learning process. "Gerak Irama" (Rhythm Movement) and "Gerak Irama Mengenal Arah" (Directional Rhythm Movement) are the types of games used to encourage students' interest in learning on Gili Maringkik.
Co-Authors Abdurrasyid Zam Zami Afini Nurdina Utami Aldian Hidayat Alfian Hidayat Alfian Hidayat Alfian Hidayat Ardiansyah, Bayu Asyidiqi, Hasbi Ayudaning D , Pamungkas Ayuningsih, Adinda Noura Chucai, Nisachon Dewanto, Pamungkas Ayudaning Dewanto, Pamungkas Ayudhaning Hardiansyah, Kelfin Husni , Valencia Indrayani, Rusmiati Ismah Rustam Ismah Rustam Ismah Rustam Julianthi, Anisa Catut Kinanti Rizsa Sabilla Lalu Puttrawandi K Lalu Puttrawandi K Mahmuluddin, Mahmuluddin Mala Mardialina Mala Mardialina Mardialina, Mala Muhammad Aldi Ramdhani Muhammad Royyan Fadli Nafila Reydha Mahisa Nisa, Istiqomatun Nurul Penti Puji Ayu Astuti Rizki, Kurnia Zulhandayani Santoso, Dimas Idham Sila Adrindra Wardana, Anak Agung Gede Susila Wati Syahra, Tasya Alvianka Syaiful Anam Syaiful Anam Syaiful Anam Syaiful Anam Uswanti, Adinda Putri Y. A. Wahyudin Yogi Febriantoni Saputra Yusriah, Halimatul