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Eksodus Etnis Tionghoa dari Kudus ke Semarang Akibat Konflik antaretnis di Kudus 1918 Rochim, Moh Abdul; Saraswati, Ufi
Jurnal Humanitas: Katalisator Perubahan dan Inovator Pendidikan Vol 12 No 2 (2026): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/jhm.v12i2.34235

Abstract

This study examines the inter-ethnic conflict in Kudus in 1918, which led to the exodus of ethnic Chinese to Semarang. The research focuses on the factors causing the conflict, the dynamics of the riots, and the socio-economic implications of the migration. The research employs historical methods through heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Primary sources include contemporary newspapers such as De Preanger Bode, De Indier, De Locomotief, Dagblad van Zuid Holland en ’s Gravenhage, and Het Nieuws van den Dag voor Nederlandsch-Indie, supported by secondary sources from scholarly literature. The results indicate that the conflict was not caused by a single factor, but by the accumulation of socio-economic tensions, social segregation, and sensitivities over ethnic and religious identities. Competition in strategic economic sectors such as the kretek (cigarette) industry and trade intensified intergroup prejudice, which was then fueled by symbolic incidents in the public sphere. The riots that occurred on October 31, 1918, caused extensive damage, loss of life, and insecurity, prompting much of the Chinese community to leave Kudus. The exodus to Semarang is understood as a rational strategy to secure security and restore socio-economic life through stronger community networks. This movement also demonstrates that migration in conflict situations is a form of structured social adaptation. Thus, this study confirms that communal conflict not only results in physical violence but also drives demographic, social, and economic changes with long-term impacts.
Traces of Time and Chinese Culture: an Analysis of the Historical Tourism Opportunities of Semarang's Ancient Temple Saraswati, Ufi; Raymon, Alexander
Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan Vol 10 No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/fhs.v10i1.33900

Abstract

This study aims to identify the architectural characteristics, spatial organization, and ornamental features of four ancient Chinese temples located in the Old Chinatown area of Semarang, and to analyze their symbolic meanings as a basis for formulating the potential of these temples as an area-based historical tourism narrative. The research adopts a qualitative cultural-arts approach through field observation, semi-structured interviews, and literature review focusing on architecture, ornaments, symbols, and the social functions of the temples, supported by descriptive–comparative analysis and data triangulation. The results show that all four temples share a simple spatial configuration consisting of a front veranda and a main worship hall, a predominance of wooden construction, and a rich repertoire of ornaments featuring mythological fauna, flora, and cosmological symbols, with red and gold as dominant colors representing prosperity and balance. The findings confirm that the temples function not only as places of worship but also as living heritage that embodies history, identity, and the collective memory of the Chinese community in the Old Chinatown area. The implications of this study indicate that these ancient temples have strong potential to be developed as area-based heritage religious tourism assets, provided that their sacred values, symbolic meanings, and the central role of the local community in management and interpretation are consistently maintained.